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Zhengzhou, Henan Province： A total of 718 people were isolated and 989,800 people were sampled for nucleic acid detection in key populations.

CCTV News:The reporter learned from the COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control press conference held in Zhengzhou that as of 18: 00 on January 5, there were 6 new positive cases and 10 asymptomatic infected people in Zhengzhou.

Li Huifang, Deputy Secretary General of Zhengzhou Municipal Government:Up to now, 989,800 people have been sampled from key areas and key populations in Guancheng, Erqi, Zhongyuan and Jinshui districts, all of which have been tested, and 6 positive cases have been detected.

At present, Zhengzhou has 10 closed control zones, 4 control zones and 3 prevention zones. Among them, the management measures of "closed area, staying indoors and serving at home" are implemented in the sealed control area, and the management measures of "people are not allowed to leave the area and gathering is strictly prohibited" are implemented in the control area, and the prevention area is not allowed to go out unless necessary. If it is really necessary to go out, it is necessary to hold a negative nucleic acid test certificate within 48 hours.

Li Huifang, Deputy Secretary General of Zhengzhou Municipal Government:Judging from the current epidemic situation, the epidemic spread in Zhengzhou has the characteristics of multi-point distribution and aggregation, and the communication chain is relatively clear, mainly involving the aggregation spread of card friends, funeral banquets and families. At present, there are 718 people in centralized isolation and 4899 people in home isolation.

The ancient makeup was the most complicated and gorgeous in the Tang Dynasty, which was related to the great cultural integration and women’s self-confidence.

When The Longest Day In Chang’an was popular, the flower buds of women in the Tang Dynasty were impressive. Qingpingle, which followed closely, was also regarded as a highly restored history because it presented the makeup of Pearl in the Song Dynasty.
The development of makeup research in recent years is behind the film and television drama’s efforts to restore the face of ancient life from a large number of "shocking people" in the past. Chen Shiyu, the service director of film and television dramas such as Qingpingle, is a scholar of costume history and arts and crafts. He studied under Mr. Sun Ji in Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology and is also a consultant on the history and service of CCTV’s National Treasure program. Li Ya, a professor in the Department of Stage Art of Shanghai Theatre Academy, has also written works such as History of Ancient Jewelry in China, Streaming Earrings: Earrings in China in Past Dynasties, and Formula of Ancient Makeup in China.
The Beauty of China’s Makeup is a book co-written by Li Ya and Chen Shiyu, which not only presents a complete picture of China’s makeup from the Zhou Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, but also outlines the social ideological style and aesthetic changes behind it. "The power of power, the restraint of morality, the different tastes of elite culture and market culture have all left a deep mark on women’s makeup in different times." Zhu Liangzhi, a professor of philosophy at Peking University, pointed out in the preface.
"After studying makeup for thousands of years, it is found that human nature is unchanged in ancient and modern times. Pursuing beauty and fashion trends is the commonality of people in all ages, but the forms of expression are different, and some times will be more obvious and more tolerant." Li Ya said.
What is "fish flattery"?
"Makeup as a research topic is very rare." Since studying for a master’s degree in 1999, Li Ya has been deeply involved in the field of cosmetic culture research. At first, I chose to study this direction simply because few people paid attention to it. In 1981, after the publication of Shen Congwen’s "Research on Ancient Chinese Costume", ancient costume became a research hotspot, but few people paid attention to the makeup that appeared in ancient murals and poems together with costume.
After Li Ya really entered the field of decoration research, she found it very difficult. First of all, there are no first-hand cultural relics, and makeup must be attached to the human body, and once the human body rots, makeup will be gone. Therefore, compared with other material and cultural studies, makeup lacks first-hand material information and can only be studied through other channels. Auxiliary research approaches include literature scattered in history books, note novels, poems and songs, as well as image research including ancient figure painting and figure sculpture.
However, whether recorded in words or portraits, either "only know its name but not its shape" or "only know its shape but not its name". In addition, after thousands of years of polishing, many important information has faded, peeled off or lost. As a researcher, we need to collect all the information, and then find a reasonable correspondence between "shape" and "name" in order to restore the historical face of makeup to the greatest extent.
Li Ya and Chen Shiyu have restored a popular makeup "Fish Mei Zi" that appeared in the Song Dynasty. There is only a brief record of this kind of makeup in the History of Song Dynasty, but at first they were completely confused about what it meant to be "a bone in the gills". Later, when I was studying the female crown in the Song Dynasty, I happened to find that there was a kind of "Zhuguan" at that time, which was made of a hard fish stone taken out from the head of herring. After polishing, polishing and oil immersion, it became a translucent gem like agate, which was used as a crown decoration. Only then did they understand that the so-called "Fish Mei Zi" was made by sticking this gem on black paper, thus solving this "small historical puzzle".
The Beauty of China’s Makeup also shows 29 sets of restoration pictures of real makeup. When the ancient makeup appeared on modern people’s faces, the historical gap was broken. In recent two or three years, Li Ya has devoted a lot of energy to the restoration of ancient makeup after her research. She said that it was a practice after she completed the correspondence between "shape" and "name". "This is an uncontrollable desire, and I really want to know what these ancient portraits and sculptures are like when they are restored by real people."
However, the transformation from abstract words to concrete images requires secondary creation, which inevitably has subjective elements. Every scholar will do something based on his own research, which is also a great test for their textual research ability and aesthetic grasp ability. "It is necessary to ensure that the restored ancient makeup conforms to the temperament of that era at first glance."
Women’s status behind makeup
For ancient make-up, a sentence in the Warring States Policy is very classic, "A scholar dies for a confidant, and a woman looks for herself." In fact, Li Ya found that ancient women’s makeup was not as simple as women pleasing people.
The Han Dynasty was the formative period of the ancient aesthetic standards of makeup, and from then on, it laid the characteristics of elegance. At the same time, Confucianism also established the absolute dependence of women on men, and put forward the theory of "three cardinal guides and five permanents" and "respecting yang and belittling yin". Especially the Women’s Commandments written by Ban Zhao in the Eastern Han Dynasty emphasized women’s submission, inferiority and obedience, and "standardized" women in China for more than two thousand years. These thoughts of the times have influenced women’s makeup. Since the Han Dynasty, the makeup style has gradually become humble and feminine, and even some morbid makeup has begun to appear.
Sun Shou was the wife of Liang Ji, a consort and powerful minister in the Eastern Han Dynasty. The Book of the Later Han Dynasty recorded that she was "beautiful in color and good in appearance" and liked to "frown and make up". The so-called "frown" is similar to a figure-of-eight eyebrow, which hangs down, and "crow makeup" means that there seem to be two tears hanging under the eyes. Sun Shou walks "hunched", that is, hunched over, looking ill, and laughing is a "decayed tooth smile" with bulging cheeks like toothache. History books say that this kind of makeup is "charming", but it once became the most popular fashion makeup in Beijing. "’Women are weak and beautiful’ is the most important point in Women’s Commandments, which emphasizes that women should show weakness, not only because they are soft and docile inside, but also because they are weak and weak in appearance, which is why morbid makeup is popular." Li Ya explained.
However, when the status of women in the whole society begins to rise, traditional aesthetics will also be broken. The makeup in the Tang Dynasty is the most complicated and gorgeous in history, and the makeup carrier is also very rich. Especially during the reign of Wu Zetian, the gorgeous makeup reached its peak. A number of painted figurines of the Tang Dynasty in the era of Wu Zetian were unearthed in Astana, Xinjiang. The face of the buried female figurines was swept by thick eyebrows, and the area of rouge blush was extended from under the eyebrows to the side of the face. In addition to the simple fan-shaped shape, the flower-shaped shape on the forehead was also smudged with complex patterns such as flowers, rolling grass and cirrus clouds. The oblique red on both sides of the cheek is not a simple blush, but a complex pattern. Ordinary maids in remote areas are all like this, which shows how charming the makeup of upper-class women in Chang’ an and Luoyang was at that time.
After Wu Zetian abdicated, Princess Taiping and Empress Wei were still active in the power center, and the gorgeous makeup style of Wu Zhou continued until the early years of Emperor Xuanzong’s succession. After the appearance of Yang Guifei, the popular fashion in the Tang Dynasty changed into plump beauty, loose clothes and big red makeup, and finally became an impressive symbol of "prosperous Tang Dynasty". "So the development of makeup is inextricably linked with the strength and self-confidence of women."
Makeup and troubled times
From the makeup, we can also see some changes in social thought. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the Great Plague, coupled with years of war, caused a large number of deaths. In the Northern and Southern Dynasties, the idea of "reincarnation, karma" spread with Buddhism, and Buddhism was also designated as the state religion in the Northern Wei and Southern Liang Dynasties. In addition to literature, music, sculpture and other fields, Buddhism also influenced the makeup at that time, and yellow eyebrow ink makeup began to appear. When Princess Shouyang of Emperor Wu of the Southern Song Dynasty got married, she painted "eight-character palace eyebrows holding yellow forehead", that is, the eyebrows were eight-character, and yellow makeup powder was painted on her forehead, which was called "yellow forehead". This is because the Buddha is the face of the golden Buddha. With the spread of Buddhism to the east, all kinds of forehead yellow, flower yellow and Buddha makeup began to be popular, all of which were painted yellow on women’s faces.
After the Anshi Rebellion, the Tang Dynasty went into decline. In the mid-Tang dynasty, there was a trend of pursuing weird and grotesque makeup, and Bai Juyi also wrote a special poem "Contemporary Makeup". According to the poem, it was popular for women to draw eight-character eyebrows at that time, and their lips were painted black without lipstick, and their faces were painted with ochre powder instead of vermilion and rouge. The makeup with ochre powder on the face is a kind of makeup from Xizang, which came with the Tibetan army invading Chang ‘an twice after the Anshi Rebellion. The ultraviolet radiation on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is very severe, and it is easy for local people to get high original red on their faces, so they will use yak milk to refine a brown whey and apply it to their faces as a mask, which has formed an ochre makeup effect and has been popular in Chang ‘an. Bai Juyi believes that this "dark face" makeup does not conform to the traditional makeup aesthetics of the Han nationality, and it looks "like a sad cry" and is a "phase of troubled times".
"The general trend of the world, the peak will decline, and the full moon will lose. All history can’t escape this trend, and the history of makeup is no exception. After the explosive development in the Wei and Jin Dynasties, and then to the peak of the Tang Dynasty, and finally to the late Tang Dynasty, it was already in a state of profusion and extravagance. In the Song Dynasty, makeup suddenly took a 180-degree turn, from rich and colorful to simple and simple. Moreover, after the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, little has changed. " Chen Shiyu wrote in China’s Beauty of Makeup.
Reporting/feedback

Review on the Management of the Board of Directors of Yuandao Communication in 2023

() The operating comments of the Board of Directors in 2023 are as follows:

　　I. The industry in which the company is located during the reporting period.

The company shall comply with the disclosure requirements of "communication-related business" in the Guidelines for Self-regulation of Listed Companies of Shenzhen Stock Exchange No.4-Information Disclosure of Growth Enterprise Market Industry.

The company is positioned as the escort of China communication network, a leading digital intelligent operation and maintenance service provider and a comprehensive communication technology service enterprise. The company is at the leading level in the field of digital operation and maintenance, and has reformed the traditional manual operation and maintenance business with digital management ability, greatly improving operation and maintenance efficiency and reducing operating costs. The company has undertaken the task of communication guarantee for major international and domestic events for many times. With stable and high-quality service capabilities, it has established a good reputation and influence in the industry and established a long-term and stable cooperative relationship with core customers.

In 2023, in the face of the severe and complicated international situation and the gradual recovery of the domestic market, Yuandao Communication continued to consolidate its internal strength of operation, anchored its development strategy to experience its own competitiveness, made steady and steady progress in the external environment where multiple factors were intertwined, and actively grasped the development opportunities, striving to take the initiative in the rapidly changing market. Through the concerted efforts and breakthroughs of all parties, Yuandao Communication has maintained a steady and good development trend, with outstanding business toughness, breakthrough in technical attack and expansion of market territory, and achieved a certain degree of business results in general.

(1) Industry situation

In 2023, China’s communications industry fully implemented the spirit of the 20th Party Congress, conscientiously implemented the decisions and arrangements made by the CPC Central Committee in the State Council, adhered to the general tone of striving for progress while maintaining stability, fully promoted the construction of a network powerhouse and a digital China, and promoted the deep integration of the digital economy and the real economy. The main operating indicators of the whole industry grew steadily, the network infrastructure such as 5G and Gigabit optical networks became increasingly complete, the popularization of various applications accelerated in an all-round way, and the high-quality development of the industry steadily advanced.

1. Telecom business revenue maintained growth.

According to preliminary accounting (Note 1), in 2023, the telecom business revenue totaled 1.68 trillion yuan, an increase of 6.2% over the previous year. According to the price of last year, the total telecommunications business increased by 16.8% year-on-year.

2. The income from emerging businesses maintained a relatively high growth rate.

Emerging businesses such as data center, cloud computing, big data and Internet of Things have developed rapidly. In 2023, the total business income was 356.4 billion yuan, up by 19.1% over the previous year, and its proportion in telecom business income increased from 19.4% in the previous year to 21.2%, which boosted the telecom business income growth by 3.6 percentage points. Among them, the revenue of cloud computing and big data business increased by 37.5% over the previous year, and the revenue of Internet of Things business increased by 20.3% over the previous year.

3. Investment in fixed assets remained stable.

In 2023, the three basic telecom enterprises and China Tower Co., Ltd. completed a total investment of 420.5 billion yuan in telecom fixed assets, an increase of 0.3% over the previous year. Among them, the investment in 5G reached 190.5 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 5.7%, accounting for 45.3% of the total investment.

4. All-optical network construction is advancing rapidly.

In 2023, the length of new optical cable lines was 4.738 million kilometers, and the total length of national optical cable lines reached 64.32 million kilometers; Among them, the length of long-distance optical cable lines, local network relay optical cable lines and access network optical cable lines reached 1.14 million, 23.1 million and 40.08 million kilometers respectively. By the end of 2023, the number of Internet broadband access ports had reached 1.136 billion, a net increase of 64.86 million over the end of last year. Among them, FTTH/O ports reached 1.094 billion, a net increase of 69.15 million compared with the end of last year, and the proportion increased from 95.7% at the end of last year to 96.3%. By the end of 2023, the number of 10G PON ports with gigabit network service capacity reached 23.02 million, a net increase of 7.792 million over the end of last year.

5. The construction of 5G network has been further promoted.

By the end of 2023, the total number of mobile communication base stations in China reached 11.62 million, of which 3.377 million were 5G base stations (Note 2), accounting for 29.1% of the total number of mobile base stations, accounting for 7.8 percentage points higher than that at the end of last year.

6. The number of racks in the data center has increased significantly.

By the end of 2023, the number of Internet data center racks provided by the three basic telecommunications companies to the public reached 970,000, with a net increase of 152,000.

Note 1. The data in 2023 are preliminary statistics, and the final accounts of the annual report are used in 2022 and before. The statistics do not include Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Macao Special Administrative Region and Taiwan Province. Due to rounding, some data are not equal to the total of sub-items.

Note 2. Since March 2023, the statistical caliber of indoor base stations in the existing 5G base stations has been adjusted from being counted by baseband processing units to being converted by radio frequency units. Since the data of base stations with conditions for use are dynamically updated, the previous data cannot be adjusted retroactively.

Note 3. The above data comes from the Statistical Bulletin of Communication Industry in 2023 of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology.

(2) Industry policies

II. Main businesses of the Company during the reporting period

The company shall comply with the disclosure requirements of "communication-related business" in the Guidelines for Self-regulation of Listed Companies of Shenzhen Stock Exchange No.4-Information Disclosure of Growth Enterprise Market Industry.

(1) Main business

The company is a leading communication technology service enterprise, which mainly provides communication technology services including communication network maintenance and optimization and communication network construction for communication operators (), (), China Unicom and other communication infrastructure operators, China Tower, as well as communication equipment manufacturers, so as to ensure the effective operation of all links of the information communication network and provide a stable and high-quality network environment for end users. Communication network maintenance and optimization service is to operate and optimize the existing communication network facilities and equipment, so as to ensure the stability and reliability of the communication network and prolong the service life of the communication infrastructure; Communication network construction service is the construction and reconstruction of communication network facilities to improve network coverage, expand network carrying capacity and improve network speed.

(2) Main products

1, communication network maintenance and optimization services

(1) Communication network maintenance service

Communication network maintenance services mainly include professional technical services such as operation and management of communication network room environment, base station equipment, transmission lines and ancillary facilities, routine maintenance and fault handling, as well as communication guarantee services such as solving communication network faults, responding to emergencies, and ensuring major social activities, and integrated communication maintenance services.

The company has been deeply involved in the field of communication network maintenance services for many years, and has accumulated rich industry experience, providing services for customers such as China Mobile, China Tower and China Unicom, which has been recognized by customers. The company has Grade A qualification for comprehensive maintenance of communication network (outsourcing) enterprises, Grade A qualification for base stations and Grade A qualification for communication lines, with strong professional strength and high service efficiency, which can effectively guarantee the reliability and stability of communication networks operated by customers. The company has undertaken the task of communication guarantee for major international and domestic events for many times. With stable and high-quality service capabilities, it has established a good reputation and influence in the industry and established long-term and stable cooperative relations with core customers in major business areas. In the future, the company will take multiple measures and take a multi-pronged approach to consolidate its long-term development competitiveness and consolidate its leading position in the market, so as to continuously increase its market share, expand its business categories and improve its operating efficiency. On the whole, the company has a broad future development space by building its core competitiveness in a multi-dimensional and three-dimensional way.

(2) Communication network optimization service

Communication network optimization service is to test, analyze and evaluate communication network equipment and network indicators, so as to cope with network and environmental changes, improve signal quality, and ultimately enhance terminal communication user perception.

Communication network optimization service is one of the core businesses of the company. The company has a professional optimization team and accumulated rich project experience, which can provide various professional optimization work such as engineering network optimization and special network optimization.

2. Communication network construction services

Communication network construction services include network system equipment installation and debugging, transmission system installation and debugging, wireless equipment installation and debugging, optical (electric) cable line installation, communication infrastructure construction, etc. The construction services provided by the company mainly include pipeline engineering, equipment engineering, supporting facilities construction and sporadic projects, excluding civil construction services.

The company has professional and technical qualifications such as Grade A qualification of communication construction enterprise service ability and Grade I qualification of general contracting of communication engineering construction, and has formed a full-service engineering construction service system. With the construction cycle of 5G network, the company’s order acquisition ability has been gradually improved.

3. Information and communication software and hardware products

While carrying out communication technology services, the company actively carries out technological innovation, breaks through the profit model that traditional communication technology services only provide technical services to communication operators, and develops customized information and communication software and hardware products for customers. This kind of business is beneficial for the company to grasp the development trend of the industry and open up new growth points in the 5G era. During the reporting period, the company’s information and communication software and hardware products mainly include:

(1) Digital management solutions

The company deeply cultivates the industry, has profound industrial endowment, and has a deep understanding of the operation and maintenance needs of government and enterprise customers. According to its successful experience in digital management, the company exports digital integrated solutions and customizes an integrated platform for the operation and maintenance projects of government and enterprise customers. The company builds a business-oriented service, meets the construction needs of operators, provides end-to-end operation and maintenance solutions for customers and services, and uses a self-developed integrated platform to realize the management, monitoring and analysis capabilities of various government and enterprise businesses and comprehensively improve the operation and maintenance capabilities.

The company provides customers with application system design and tailor-made new development services, introduces leading information solutions for different industries and organizations, and also provides comprehensive services such as intelligent building system integration, computer network system integration and security system integration. Among them, the operation and maintenance integrated cloud platform products have the functions of multidimensional visual management, data audit, full-service customization, customer self-help, full-cycle management and control, and scenario analysis and evaluation, which can provide integrated solutions for customers’ digital operation and maintenance and management systems.

(2) Software products

Yuan Dao Jing Wei camera This APPlication is packaged by the field management function in the company’s comprehensive operation management system, and it is a work watermark camera APP that helps enterprises to manage the work of field workers. Through this app, the time and address information, latitude and longitude information, environment (weather) information and job scene information are innovatively combined and displayed on each job photo, and the mechanism that the time and address are true and unchangeable ensures the authenticity and effectiveness of management work. Through the self-built organization system in the application, the real-time management of personnel’s work situation helps small and medium-sized enterprises or teams to explore information management models at low cost; Combined with PC management background, enterprises can manage personnel, attendance, workload and photos in a unified way, which can help enterprises innovate management methods and realize information, intelligence and platform management.

Yuandao vehicle cloud platform. The platform is based on the vehicle management module in the integrated operation management system and the Internet of Things +GIS technology, and provides customers with a vehicle management cloud system that integrates vehicle management, vehicle management, vehicle monitoring, fuel consumption management and data reporting.

(3) Smart projects

The company will expand the service scope of communication technology applications to smart parks, smart cities, digital industries and other fields, seize the market opportunities of industry applications in the smart field brought by 5G, and form new business growth points.

(3) the position of the communication industry chain where the company is located

The upstream of the company is mainly labor service providers, leasing service providers and suppliers of materials and equipment, which are mature and fully competitive. The downstream of the company is the communication industry, with high industry concentration; The company’s customers are mainly communication operators, China Tower and communication equipment manufacturers. These enterprises are well-known, with large procurement scale, strong comprehensive strength and standardized internal management. The procurement of communication technology services is only a link in their supply chain and their position is relatively strong.

The pattern of China’s communication operation industry and the position of the company’s main business in the industrial chain determine that the company mainly conducts various businesses around the needs of downstream communication operators, China Tower and communication equipment manufacturers. Communication technology services purchased by communication equipment manufacturers are also the ultimate service for communication operators. Therefore, communication operators and China Tower are the ultimate main service targets of the industry, and the company’s main business model is deeply influenced by the above customers.

(4) Business model

The company mainly provides communication technology services including communication network maintenance and optimization and communication network construction for communication operators, communication infrastructure operators and communication equipment manufacturers, and its downstream customers are relatively stable. The company’s main customers choose communication technology service providers through public bidding and invitation bidding, so the company mainly obtains orders through participating in customer bidding, and at the same time, some of them obtain business through single-source procurement and commercial negotiation.

During the reporting period, the company mainly purchased labor services, and settled accounts with labor service suppliers according to the workload.

The company’s main profit model is to charge customers for communication technology services based on workload. The maintenance business is to maintain the base station, indoor distribution, transmission lines and pipelines, and to test and optimize the equipment. Customers regularly check the workload with the company and assess the service quality, and settle the fees with the company based on the contract service unit price and the approved workload after assessment and adjustment. Network optimization business is that the company carries out signal testing and optimization adjustment to improve signal performance and ensure smooth signal, and customers settle fees with the company with the confirmed workload and service unit price. The construction business is the installation and debugging of network, transmission and wireless equipment, the installation of optical cable lines and the construction of supporting facilities, with large scale and long construction period. Several specific contracts (sites) are signed in the framework agreement, and specific services and delivery projects are implemented on the basis of sites, and customers organize acceptance on the basis of sites.

(5) Market position

Since its establishment, the company has been focusing on the communication technology service business, and has deepened its efforts to establish the first-Mover advantage in the segmentation field, especially in the field of communication network maintenance services. The company is one of the few enterprises in the industry with Grade A qualification of communication network maintenance (comprehensive maintenance, base station specialty and communication lines) and Grade A qualification of communication information network system integration, and its comprehensive service capability is in the forefront of the industry. After more than ten years of development, the company has grown into a leading national and comprehensive communication technology service enterprise. The core business of the company is to provide communication network maintenance services for China Mobile. In recent years, the company’s business advantages have been constantly revealed, and it has won the bid share in the forefront of the industry, and has successively opened up new customers for comprehensive generation peacekeeping and network optimization services in Guangdong and other regions, reflecting the company’s strong market competitiveness. The number of network operation and maintenance execution blocks of the company in China Mobile ranks in the top.

(VI) Main performance drivers

1. Industry factors

The communication technology service industry in which the company is located ultimately provides services for communication operators, which is closely related to the development of the communication industry. The development trend of communication technology service industry is related to the pace of communication technology update, the procurement policy of communication operators, the network demand of end customers, the expenditure scale of communication operators, the market competition in this industry, the application of new technologies and other factors. The communication technology service industry is deeply influenced by the downstream communication industry, especially by the continuous expenditure of communication operators. In recent years, China’s mobile communication technology has been upgraded rapidly, and the difficulty of communication network operation and maintenance has risen sharply, which has brought broad market space to the industry. In November 2021, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology issued the "14th Five-Year Plan for the Development of Information and Communication Industry", which stated that by 2025, the number of 5G base stations per 10,000 people would reach 26. This means that by 2025, the number of 5G base stations in China will be nearly 3.67 million.

With the continuous increase in the construction of 5G, the market opportunities for industrial applications in the smart field brought about by the construction of 5G, industrial Internet and big data are also constantly improving. The government work report of the two sessions in 2024 pointed out that since 2023, relying on innovation to lead industrial upgrading and enhance the new kinetic energy of urban and rural regional development. The digital economy has accelerated, and the penetration rate of 5G users has exceeded 50%. In the future, we will further promote the innovative development of the digital economy. Formulate policies to support the high-quality development of the digital economy, actively promote digital industrialization and industrial digitalization, and promote the deep integration of digital technology and the real economy. Deepen the research and development of big data, artificial intelligence and other applications, carry out the "artificial intelligence+"action, and build an internationally competitive digital industrial cluster. Implement the digital transformation of manufacturing industry, accelerate the large-scale application of industrial internet, promote the digitalization of service industry, and build smart cities and digital villages. Appropriately advance the construction of digital infrastructure and accelerate the formation of a national integrated computing system.

It can be seen that the increasing demand for communication and information technology services in various industries has also provided a broader market prospect for this industry. Our company’s communication network construction service, communication network operation and maintenance, optimization and innovation will gain a broad market space. It puts forward higher requirements for the technical level and scale strength of communication technology service enterprises, which is conducive to improving the highly decentralized industry state and making the industry head enterprises gain greater competitive advantages. After the completion of communication network infrastructure construction, continuous operation and maintenance services are needed, so the company’s operation and maintenance business has strong stability and continuity.

Looking forward to the future, "centralized procurement" has gradually become the mainstream, and market competition is constantly standardized; User needs are more diverse, and the importance of this industry is increasingly prominent; Service standards continue to improve, and information management and control has become a trend; High-end talents are relatively scarce, and laborers are widely used; Customer groups extend across borders, and customized product development has become a new growth point.

2. Internal factors

Since its establishment, the company has focused on communication technology services, especially in the field of communication network operation and maintenance services, and has established a clear leading edge through years of in-depth breakthroughs. The company is one of the few enterprises in the industry with Grade A qualification of communication network maintenance (comprehensive maintenance, base station specialty and communication lines) and Grade A qualification of communication information network system integration, and its comprehensive service capability is in the forefront of the industry. After more than ten years of development, the company has grown into a leading national and comprehensive communication technology service enterprise, with obvious advantages in service quality, industry experience, corporate brand, business scale and management business model.

With stable and high-quality service capabilities, the company has a good brand image in the industry and established long-term and stable cooperative relations with core customers in major business areas. The company is an important communication technology service provider of China Mobile in Xinjiang, Heilongjiang and Hebei. The company provides stable and high-quality communication technology services for China Mobile in mountainous areas, forest areas, deserts, high altitudes, borders and other areas with complex geographical and meteorological conditions, which are difficult to carry out business, and has been recognized by customers.

Companies adhere to the "professional, dedicated, dedicated" as the core of the enterprise spirit, rooted in the field of communication network operation and maintenance for more than ten years, with rich industry experience. After years of development, the company will enrich the project management and practical experience, and share, optimize and inherit it among teams through the comprehensive operation management system independently developed, so that the company’s technical strength and standardization level will be continuously improved and it will be in the leading position in the industry in terms of service quality, corporate culture and technical strength. With professional technical ability and stable service quality, the company has maintained a long-term and stable cooperative relationship with communication operators, and established location advantages and first-Mover advantages in major service areas.

By deeply integrating new technologies such as Internet and data analysis with daily business activities, the company has independently developed an integrated operation management system that is leading in the industry and has completely independent intellectual property rights. Taking this system as the core, the company has built a centralized management model and a flat sales model under the unified responsibility of the headquarters, so that the headquarters of the company can reasonably control the core business links online.

(seven) technical indicators and business data

Key technologies or performance indicators applicable to the product or business.

Key technologies or performance indicators for supporting communication services.

The network technical indicators mainly involved in the comprehensive maintenance service of communication network of the company include work order indicators, network indicators, resource indicators, etc. The operator’s comprehensive maintenance service of the network takes the completion of the above technical indicators as the assessment of the maintenance company.

Third, the core competitiveness analysis

Since its establishment, the company has always been engaged in the communication technology service industry. With years of hard work and deep breakthrough, the company has established profound technical advantages, industrial endowments and business experience, and built a clear leading position in the industry. With a large scale and rapid development, the company is a national and comprehensive communication technology service enterprise in the top ranking, with obvious advantages in technology research and development, online digital platform, performance brand, industry experience and platform organization.

(A) technological research and development advantages

The company attaches great importance to scientific and technological innovation and always adheres to the market demand and business development-oriented technology research and development work. At present, the company has R&D centers in Shenzhen and R&D bases in Shijiazhuang, Xi ‘an and Urumqi, and has the standard certification of CMMI3 management system and process. In recent years, the company has continuously improved its R&D capability and technological innovation capability by increasing R&D investment year by year, and accelerated its digital transformation. At present, the company has more than 180 kinds of intellectual property rights such as patents and soft works.

The company’s R&D goal is to enhance the company’s digital capabilities, build big data analysis capabilities, help front-line personnel improve efficiency with AI, and enhance cross-regional personnel deployment capabilities to empower all aspects of the company’s overall operation. The company’s R&D system focuses on serving its own information management and control needs and solving the difficulties and pain points in business management. Its responsibility is to increase the R&D and application of new technologies, serve the company’s business needs, help reduce costs and increase efficiency, and accelerate the company’s digital transformation; At the same time, research and development work is carried out around the main business and surrounding areas, and digital integrated solutions are exported to realize self-incubation and evolution.

The company pays attention to the transformation of general technical achievements in technology research and development, and puts some modules in the integrated operation management system into independent products after scenes, and constantly optimizes them, so that the company can quickly form new products when facing similar needs of customers. In addition, the company can optimize products and accumulate experience by comparing with competitive products, so that the developed products can better meet the needs of the company and customers.

By formulating scientific project management and quality evaluation index system, the company has realized all-round process management and internal control of R&D projects. Focusing on the direction of "technical innovation and support of operation and maintenance business" and "meeting customers’ digital transformation needs", the company has continuously increased its R&D investment in digital platforms, digital services and other fields. Strong innovation and R&D capabilities enable the company to have strong business innovation and expansion capabilities, rapidly improve the company’s network operation and maintenance capabilities, improve the company’s efficiency, and lay the foundation for the company’s business development.

(B) advantages of online digital platform

The company deeply integrates new technologies such as Internet and data analysis with daily business activities, and independently develops a series of platform softwares such as Digital Operation and Maintenance Management Platform, Network Optimal Intelligent Inspection System, Big Data Vehicle Intelligent Management Cloud Platform 2.0, Yuandao Jingwei Camera APP and Intelligent Planning and Scheduling Technology for Base Station Power Generation.

The digital operation and maintenance platform automatically collects operation and maintenance data, and analyzes it through AI algorithm to realize intelligent asset management, equipment interconnection monitoring, fine inspection, intelligent operation and maintenance, data analysis, hidden trouble diagnosis, fault prediction, etc. of the system and equipment, and at the same time realize intelligent scheduling of offline operation and maintenance personnel and resources. At present, the system has iterated over several versions, deeply integrating the company’s many years of communication network operation and maintenance business management experience, and its design concept is leading the industry. For example, the patrol management module can automatically record the patrol route of service personnel, count the patrol time, working time and other parameters, and locate abnormal conditions, so as to realize intelligent audit of outdoor patrol work and effectively improve service efficiency; The workload management module, combined with the company’s many years of industry experience, establishes standard measures for each specific service, thus reducing the dependence on the quality of front-line personnel, unifying service quality nationwide and improving customer satisfaction. During the reporting period, the platform added or upgraded functional modules such as oil engine monitoring, emergency support, personnel portrait, project and regional portrait, and resource prediction, and the digital management capability was improved.

The company uses the integrated operation management system to open up the "information island" between the traditional business systems, so that information can be shared and circulated among the main subsystems, and the core business links such as personnel and vehicles can be reasonably controlled. In the future, for the company’s core communication network operation and maintenance business, the integrated operation management system will have the function of big data analysis, which can use the collected data to mine, clean and analyze the key data of each subsystem, and provide the basis for business management decision. The company’s R&D personnel regularly communicate with the front-line team to iteratively update the system functions and optimize the operation and maintenance to better meet the business development needs.

(C) Performance brand advantage

With stable and high-quality service capabilities, the company has a good brand image in the industry and established long-term and stable cooperative relations with core customers in major business areas. The company is an important communication technology service provider of China Mobile in Xinjiang, Heilongjiang and Hebei. The company provides stable and high-quality communication technology services for China Mobile in mountainous areas, forest areas, deserts, high altitudes, borders and other areas with complex geographical and meteorological conditions, which are difficult to carry out business, and has been recognized by customers.

During the reporting period, the company won 67 awards and commendations from customers. The company ranks among the best in the ranking of comprehensive assessment and scoring of technical service providers by communication operators and post-service evaluation and scoring.

In 2023, the company was rated as "the most socially responsible listed company in the word-of-mouth list of listed companies in China in 2023" by national business daily; In March 2023, the company was awarded the plaque of "Four-Star Maintenance Unit of China Tower in 2022" by China Tower Co., Ltd. and "membership certificate of China Communication Enterprise Association" by China Communication Enterprise Association.

In May, 2023, the company took an active part in the communication skills competition, and won the second prize in the 2023 optical cable connection skills competition of China Mobile Communications Group Beijing Co., Ltd., the second prize in the emergency skills competition group of China Mobile Communications Group Hebei Co., Ltd..

In July 2023, affected by heavy rainfall, flash floods and geological disasters, parts of Beijing, Hebei, Heilongjiang and other places were seriously affected, and the communication network was facing a severe test. In order to get through the "lifeline" of communication between the disaster-stricken areas and the outside world as soon as possible, Yuandao Communication, under the overall command of customers and in accordance with the unified deployment of customers on restoring communication in the disaster-stricken areas, made careful arrangements and multi-disciplinary cooperation, went all out to carry out communication rescue and emergency repair work. Recover the site with emergency repair conditions as quickly as possible, and send a signal to the people in the disaster area. In August 2023, the company was rated as "23-7" advanced unit for flood control by the full-service delivery operation center of China Mobile Communications Group Beijing Co., Ltd.

With the popularization of the policies of "group centralized procurement" and "provincial centralized procurement" by communication operators, the importance of the company’s performance brand advantage is increasingly prominent, which will effectively enhance the company’s business expansion ability and customer retention ability. The company always insists on hard work, improves efficiency through innovation, and provides customers with better and more efficient services.

(D) Industry experience advantages

Since its establishment, the company has been engaged in communication technology service business, adhered to the enterprise spirit of "professionalism, concentration and dedication", and has been rooted in the field of communication network operation and maintenance for more than ten years, with rich industry experience. After years of development, the company will enrich the project management and practical experience, and share, optimize and inherit it among teams through the comprehensive operation management system independently developed, so that the company’s technical strength and standardization level will be continuously improved and it will be in the leading position in the industry in terms of service quality, corporate culture and technical strength. With professional technical ability and stable service quality, the company has maintained a long-term and stable cooperative relationship with communication operators, and established location advantages and first-Mover advantages in major service areas. The company’s managers and core team are industry experts who have worked for many years. Years of technical accumulation can ensure that the company follows the development trend of the industry and continuously meets customer needs.

(E) the advantages of a platform-based organization that quickly responds to the market.

The company’s service outlets have covered more than 30 key provinces, and the widely distributed service outlets make the company have the advantages of territorial operation and maintenance services. Through big data analysis and intelligent deployment, the service outlets in various places have achieved business superposition, resources and personnel have been reused, and operation and maintenance efficiency and operational efficiency have been continuously improved. The widely distributed offline service outlets have also enabled the company to have excellent business innovation and expansion capabilities and efficient landing capabilities. The market share of communication network operation and maintenance business has continued to increase, and it has been rapidly replicated and promoted through local service outlets.

The company’s business organization is divided into front desk, middle desk and back office: the back office provides strategic planning and management support; China and Taiwan provide R&D and technical support to build a professional and large-scale competitive foundation with core technological advantages; The front desk is the operation end, and a powerful organizational system and digital means are implemented from top to bottom to continuously improve service capacity and operation efficiency. The three coordinate and cooperate to form a scientific and efficient platform organization.

Fourth, the main business analysis

1. Overview

In 2023, the company achieved an operating income of 1.779 billion, a year-on-year decrease of 15.70%; Among them, the revenue of communication network maintenance and optimization services decreased by 22.85% year-on-year, mainly due to: First, the comprehensive maintenance service of China Mobile in 12 provinces of the company expired in March 2023, and in September 2023, China Mobile re-tendered, and the company won the bid for services in Heilongjiang, Hebei, Xinjiang and other provinces, and the business income decreased during the transition period from March to September; Second, in order to improve the overall operating efficiency and follow the development trend of customers and industries, the company appropriately reduced bidding for some projects with relatively low operating efficiency, and concentrated some funds and personnel to expand emerging businesses such as base station photovoltaics. In 2023, the net profit attributable to shareholders of listed companies was 69 million, down 44.73% year-on-year, mainly due to: First, customers reduced costs and increased efficiency, which reduced the income of some projects, but the costs, especially labor costs, could not be adjusted in time; Second, the credit impairment loss and asset impairment loss increase due to the extension of customer payment cycle and aging migration; Third, due to the expansion of original business and emerging business, the expansion of sales and management team, sales expenses and management expenses increased year-on-year. In 2023, the overall gross profit margin was 15.05%, which was basically the same as that of the previous year.

In 2023, R&D investment decreased by 21.14% year-on-year, accounting for 3.87% of operating income; The company insists on promoting the development and management of enterprises by science and technology. In view of the characteristics of scattered communication technology service locations, large number of people and great differences in personnel quality, the company insists on independent research and development and innovation. The company constantly develops and improves the operation system, and realizes reasonable control and high-quality service through the integrated operation management system. On the basis that the platform of integrated business management system has been basically built, the annual research and development focuses on promoting the application integrity and adaptability of the system. Reduce the development of new projects and concentrate on strengthening the existing system to form productivity as soon as possible.

In 2023, the company’s market share in many provinces and professional types has been continuously improved, comprehensive energy management and other business categories have been expanded, and refined management has been implemented by relying on the digital operation and maintenance platform. The company’s strategic layout and R&D investment effects have been outstanding. With the support of the business model of "online digital platform+offline technical services", strong innovative R&D capabilities and efficient and flexible platform-based organizations, new orders for the company’s operation and maintenance business have quickly landed, forming a good business cooperation ecology, and the scale effect has gradually emerged, and its market position has continued.

In 2023, the company’s orders remained stable, and in the centralized procurement activities of China Mobile Daiwei Project Group, it won the framework contracts for 23-26 years in 10 provinces of Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Xinjiang, Yunnan, Chongqing, Ningxia, Anhui, Shanxi and Hubei; In the centralized procurement activities of China Mobile Network Optimization Project Group, it won the framework contract of Heilongjiang, Zhejiang, Fujian, Guizhou and Anhui provinces for 23-26 years; The company is one of the few suppliers in the same industry with the ability to provide services for mobile base station photovoltaic. In terms of base station photovoltaic construction project business, it won the bid for base station photovoltaic construction in Anhui, Shaanxi and Hebei provinces; In the aspect of tower maintenance business, we won the bid for three-year tower maintenance in Hebei and Inner Mongolia provinces; In the engineering business, we obtained large engineering orders for China Mobile, China Tower and China Mobile. The above orders are of great significance to consolidate the company’s layout and influence in the national market.

During the reporting period, the company newly added energy management system certification certificate, construction enterprise qualification certificate, specialized and innovative small and medium-sized enterprise certificate, design, construction and maintenance qualification registration certificate of membership certificate and Guangdong safety technology prevention system units outside the province, and information system construction and service capability grade certificate (CS2). By the end of the reporting period, the company had 19 major qualifications.

V. Prospect of the Company’s Future Development

(A) the future development plan

Yuandao Communication will continue to adhere to the core business philosophy of "professionalism, concentration and dedication", constantly improve the service quality and customer satisfaction, and it is Yuandao Communication’s eternal commitment to escort the communication industry in China. To this end, the company has formulated the strategic development direction for the next three years "(1) to consolidate the base of traditional communication technology services, and follow the development direction of the new quality productivity of the intelligent computing center of China Mobile, the main customer, to provide customers with all-round services in the field of intelligent computing; (2) Take the construction of new energy in the communication field as a new business growth point ". After years of development and accumulation, the company’s current service area has covered 30 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) such as Xinjiang, Beijing, Hebei, Guangdong and Heilongjiang, and the regional layout in western China, North China, South China and Northeast China is becoming more and more perfect. In the next step, the company will further enhance its technical strength and innovation ability, deepen the scope and connotation of communication services, actively expand new regions and fields, and provide customers with professional and thoughtful products and services.

1, communication network service and optimization and innovation.

The company will continue to focus on customer needs, give full play to the synergistic advantages of national and comprehensive communication technology service enterprises, and promote the comprehensive and coordinated development of network maintenance, network construction and optimization business through the competitive advantages in the field of communication network operation and maintenance business of the company. By continuously improving the quality of communication technology services, the added value of services and the efficiency of operation and maintenance, the market share of all localities will be further enhanced and the market share will be expanded.

In the future, based on existing projects, the company plans to actively consolidate existing customer relationships, continuously increase the development of new customers such as China Telecom and China Unicom, and increase the development of new markets, strive for market share in more regions, continuously deepen cooperation with strategic customers, and nurture new customer systems in more regions.

With the continuous development of cloud computing, big data and artificial intelligence, communication operators can not only provide network infrastructure, but also provide intelligent computing services based on computing power. To this end, operators are increasing their investment in computing power construction, and the company will seize business opportunities, closely focus on the construction goal of China Mobile Intelligent Computing Center, and explore and promote the development plan of "Intelligent Computing Service+Communication Convergence". Efforts will be made to build a system platform for computing power grid connection and scheduling with the support of information technologies such as 5G, blockchain, big data, Internet of Things, cloud computing, DICT, big model and artificial intelligence, expand the software and hardware ecological services of the intelligent computing industry, strengthen in-depth cooperation in network resources, information services, channel resources, technological innovation and talent team, provide the best services and solutions for corporate customers, and promote the development of intelligent computing and empowerment. By cooperating with operators, Yuandao Communication can make full use of partners’ market, infrastructure, operation and other resources, promote the scale of public services as soon as possible, reduce investment risks and strengthen the all-round cooperative relationship with operators.

2. New energy business

As an important direction of energy development in the future, new energy has great potential and broad application prospects. Driven by technological progress and the goal of "double carbon", the company focuses on customers’ demand for energy conservation and emission reduction and the goal of double carbon, and plans to give consideration to computer rooms, office buildings, data centers, etc. that meet the transformation conditions in the base station photovoltaic power generation transformation service. In 2023, it won the bid for the photovoltaic power supply service project of Anhui Mobile’s base station and gathering room, the solar photovoltaic green energy of Shaanxi Mobile’s own computer room and the self-owned base station computer room of Hebei Mobile in 2023. The company is one of the few suppliers in the same industry capable of providing services for mobile base station photovoltaic. In the future, it will give full play to the advantages of intelligent operation and base station maintenance, and provide efficient software and hardware services for base station photovoltaic transformation.

With the rapid development of renewable energy (such as wind energy and solar energy), the important role of energy storage technology in the energy system will continue to be recognized and valued, and the energy storage market will maintain rapid growth. The energy storage power station industry has huge development potential and market demand. The company seized the opportunity of expanding market scale, and invested in the establishment of Shenzhen Huayuan, a holding subsidiary, in the first half of 2023, and started the energy storage base station business with the battery energy storage business as the breakthrough point. For power users who need to pay more capacity fees, the company will provide customers with comprehensive solutions such as peak-valley price difference, demand electricity fee management, demand response compensation, etc., saving capacity fees and base station electricity costs.

In terms of distributed photovoltaic installation and power station operation and maintenance services, the company plans to make use of the distributed photovoltaic solutions and construction delivery management system of the dominant enterprises in the photovoltaic industry, taking the company’s many years of communication engineering construction experience as the cornerstone, and give full play to the advantages of the company’s personnel in the company’s business coverage area to engage in the construction delivery business of distributed photovoltaic projects. The company will promote the installation of small distributed photovoltaic power generation systems from schools, hospitals, party and government organs, institutions, residential buildings and structures. At the same time, the company plans to provide customers with an intelligent operation and maintenance solution of "remote centralized monitoring, regional maintenance and station security" by cooperating with the dominant enterprises in the photovoltaic industry, using the perfect operation and maintenance management system and intelligent management platform of the dominant enterprises in the photovoltaic industry, and giving full play to the advantages of the company’s intelligent digital service management means, maintaining a broad regional market and sufficient maintenance service personnel.

(II) Risks that the company may face and countermeasures

1, the market competition risk

The company is a leading national and comprehensive communication technology service enterprise. In recent years, China’s communication technology service industry has formed a diversified and market-oriented competition pattern, with a large number of enterprises, including large state-owned enterprises born out of operators, service teams formed by communication equipment manufacturers, and numerous third-party private communication technology service enterprises. In recent years, with the implementation of the "centralized procurement" policy of communication operators and the improvement of service quality, medium and large communication technology service enterprises have continuously seized the market, and small and medium-sized enterprises have been integrated. In addition, the competition among downstream communication operators in this industry is becoming increasingly fierce. While "reducing costs and increasing efficiency", the quality standards of communication technology services are constantly improved, resulting in a decline in the profit level of some regions.

Countermeasures: The company will give full play to the advantages of technology research and development and online digital platform, accelerate the expansion of key business areas, improve operation and maintenance efficiency, and continuously improve the overall profitability of the company.

2. Risk of high concentration of customers

The final customers of communication technology service industry are mainly communication operators, and the high customer concentration is the characteristic of this industry. During the reporting period, the total sales revenue of the company’s top five customers (consolidated under the same control) accounted for 91.46% of the sales revenue, which was in line with the characteristics of the industry. Among them, the sales revenue from China Mobile (consolidated caliber), the largest customer, accounted for 73.23%, and the company relied on China Mobile to some extent.

Countermeasures: The company will maintain its competitive advantage in the mobile market in China, effectively expand the markets of customers such as China Telecom, China Unicom, China Tower and communication equipment manufacturers, reduce customer concentration and reduce dependence on major customers.

3. Management risks brought by the rapid development of the company.

The company has a wide range of businesses and services all over the country, which requires higher and higher management requirements in business decision-making, business implementation, human resource management and risk control. If the company can’t further improve its management level, co-ordinate its personnel and business scale, it may face management risks brought by its wide business scope.

Countermeasures: The company actively responds to the requirements of business development and changes, effectively manages the team in the new business area, and makes the update speed of the integrated operation management system match the company’s operation management needs. The company will further fully expand and apply the standardized, standardized and streamlined management concept through the digital platform, so as to realize the intelligence of operation and maintenance business, data analysis, analysis and judgment, auxiliary decision-making, efficiency improvement, hidden danger diagnosis, fault prediction, etc. of the operation of systems and equipment, and realize the intelligent scheduling of offline operation and maintenance personnel and resources.

4. Risks of technology and product update

The company is faced with the demand in many fields, and the technology and products of various industries are constantly upgrading. The original technology and products of the company also need to be updated. If the technology and products of the company fail to keep up with the development of industry technology and cannot maintain their applicability and advancement, it will affect the market competitiveness and profitability of the company.

Countermeasures: The company will increase investment in R&D and deeply integrate communication technology services with new technologies, so as to improve service quality, meet customers’ needs and enhance competitive advantage. Through the company’s continuous research and development, we can quickly respond to and meet customer needs.

5, production safety risk

Safety accidents may occur during the development of communication technology services, poor road traffic conditions and complex and changeable weather during field operations may also lead to accidents during operations, transportation and engineering.

Countermeasures: The company pays attention to strengthening the team management, perfecting the system, implementing responsibilities, strengthening safety technical disclosure, organizing safety technical training and other measures to improve the safety production awareness of all employees and strengthen safety production management, and the company has signed safety responsibility clauses with labor outsourcing suppliers.

Secret： How is a prosthetic made？

Original: Wang Yong

Prosthetic limb is one of the most important assistive devices for the physically disabled, which can help them to work, study and live like normal people. So how are artificial limbs made? Let’s look at a set of pictures first:

Take the leg prosthesis as an example. First, a plaster bandage should be wrapped around the end of the stump to take shape.

Secondly, take off the plaster bandage and it will become a negative type, and then adjust the negative type according to the patient’s situation.

Thirdly, pouring gypsum into the female mold to form the male mold. Similarly, the male type should be adjusted.

Fourth, with a male mold, you can make an inner sleeve (soft material to protect the part in contact with the prosthesis).

Fifth, make a receiving cavity (where the stump is inserted, use strong materials such as resin).

Sixth, assembly (the receiving cavity, joints, foot plates, etc. are assembled together).

Seventh, test, adjust and shape.

Whether it looks simple or not, it is actually very complicated. Then, how can people with physical disabilities get funding and install artificial limbs? In mid-July, the reporter of Public Welfare Times went to Qinghai to fit prostheses for local disabled people with the help of the implementation team of the prosthetic orthopedic adaptation rescue project of the China Welfare Foundation for the Disabled, and learned about related issues.

Personalized adaptation

On the morning of July 10th, 55-year-old Zhao Changqing finally met Liu Jinsong, director of the Orthopedic Department of Beijing Bo ‘ai Hospital, China Rehabilitation Research Center, who came to fit his prosthesis.

As a teenager, Zhao Changqing, who was accidentally crushed to the leg by a train and had his left calf amputated, has been fitted with a prosthetic for several years, but it has not been replaced because of financial difficulties at home. In order to reduce the wear and tear, Zhao Changqing had to wrap the rest of his left leg in layers of cloth, and then wear artificial limbs.

Liu Jinsong carefully examined the condition of Zhao Changqing’s left stump. "There is too little left in the calf, it is not easy to exert force, it is more difficult to drive the prosthesis, and the end is not able to bear the weight. It is more complicated than I knew before. " Liu Jinsong said.

After discussion, Liu Jinsong team decided to assemble the left kneeled leg prosthesis for Zhao Changqing.

According to Liu Jinsong, the situation like Zhao Changqing is not uncommon. Every disabled person’s limb disability is different, and there is no universal standard type prosthesis to use, which needs personalized adaptation.

"Because the situation of each disabled person is different, every step of making artificial limbs requires the staff to make detailed adjustments." Liu Jinsong stressed.

Disabled people with artificial limbs also need to be familiar with the use of artificial limbs through a certain period of rehabilitation training. "It takes about two weeks to wear a prosthetic, and it takes more than a month to wear it." Liu Jinsong said.

Participation of social forces

According to Liu Jinsong, due to the high technical requirements and the high corresponding costs, many disabled people cannot make such personalized prosthetic adaptation. Zhao Changqing was able to get such an opportunity, thanks to the development of the prosthetic orthopedic adaptation rescue project of the China Welfare Foundation for the Disabled.

"We found in the preliminary investigation that there is almost no rehabilitation field in the public welfare projects of serious illness relief. At the same time, there are 24.72 million people with physical disabilities in China, and the demand for prosthetic adaptation is particularly great. As a welfare foundation for the disabled, we have advantages in this field, so we discussed with the China Rehabilitation Research Center the launch of a prosthetic orthopedic adaptation rescue project. " Chang Da, deputy director of the Publicity Department of China Disabled Welfare Foundation, said.

The project was initiated by the China Welfare Foundation for the Disabled and implemented by the China Rehabilitation Research Center. Through the network of rehabilitation centers and communities in various provinces and cities across the country, poor limb patients were screened for prosthetic orthopedic adaptation surgery, and through later professional rehabilitation training, they were enabled to have basic working ability and independent life.

According to Liu Jinsong, generally speaking, the project insists on providing help to disabled people with poor families. "Children are given priority, the pillars of the family are given priority, the technical requirements are higher, and the priorities that cannot be done locally."

The recipients can go to China Rehabilitation Research Center in Beijing for adaptation, and China Rehabilitation Research Center will also go to local areas for adaptation according to the situation. "On the one hand, it can reduce the burden on patients, on the other hand, it can communicate with local technicians to promote the level of local prosthetic adaptation." Liu Jinsong said.

According to Changda, the project was launched in 2016 and has been implemented for four years, raising more than 10 million yuan through the Internet.

In 2019, the project expert group plans to go deep into poverty-stricken areas in western China, such as Xizang, Ningxia and Qinghai, and carry out rescue screening, with the goal of rescuing 48 patients in the above areas.

The project rescue work in Qinghai began three months ago. The Department of Prosthetics and Orthopedics of China Rehabilitation Research Center and Qinghai Provincial Rehabilitation Service Center for the Disabled jointly carried out the screening work for the aided patients, and 13 patients were screened out.

After the relevant application materials have been approved by the China Welfare Foundation for the Disabled, the China Rehabilitation Research Center will send an expert group to conduct on-the-spot inspection, measurement and selection, production, adaptation and adjustment, training and guidance for the patients. It is planned to complete the assembly of 13 aided patients (17 prostheses) in 3 to 4 weeks.

Integrate into social development

Although the scale of disabled people who have finished assembling artificial limbs through the project is not too large at present, the effect is very obvious-with artificial limbs, disabled people can work like ordinary people and even start businesses. One-legged courier brother Li Hongjun is one of them.

Li Hongjun, born in 1985, was raised by his uncle when his mother died at the age of 4. Before graduating from primary school, Li Hongjun set foot on the society. At the age of 17, he lost his right leg because of an accident on the construction site. After the operation, Li Hongjun returned to junior high school to continue his studies. When he graduated from junior high school, he was already 20 years old.

After graduation, Li Hongjun worked as a worker, an actor in a disabled art troupe, opened a newsstand and delivered a courier. The days when the courier was delivered were very difficult for Li Hongjun. "The main reason is that it is inconvenient to move, and the movement is much slower." What he is most afraid of is to send large goods, because his legs and feet are inconvenient for one person to move.

In 2017, Li Hongjun, who received assistance from the prosthetic orthopedic adaptation rescue project, came to China Rehabilitation Research Center. China Rehabilitation Research Center sent an expert team composed of orthopedic surgeons, prosthetic engineers and rehabilitation therapists to consult him, discuss and formulate the configuration plan, and finally adapt the prosthesis for him.

After several weeks of rehabilitation training, including simple weight bearing, center of gravity shifting, walking inside the bar, walking outside the bar, going up and down stairs, breaking up and down, walking on complicated outdoor roads, etc., Li Hongjun finally walked step by step from not being able to use artificial limbs to being able to walk on crutches and finally walking without crutches.

With the help of artificial limbs, Li Hongjun is more confident. When he first started delivering express delivery, his greatest wish was to have a courier store. In 2018 "double 11", the courier station jointly operated by Li Hongjun and his friends finally opened.

Talent cultivation is a big problem.

The role of prosthetic orthopedic adaptation in the fields of helping the disabled and tackling poverty is undoubtedly very important, but there are still many problems to be solved in order to promote it on a large scale.

First, the funding problem remains to be solved. Compared with congenital heart disease, leukemia and other serious diseases, the urgency of prosthetic adaptation is not so strong. It is difficult to raise funds when raising funds publicly on the Internet, and few charitable organizations launch such projects. The China Welfare Foundation for the Disabled can only solve a limited number of problems.

"We hope to make this project a brand and build a rescue fund pool through fundraising." Chang Da said.

Second, there is a shortage of professionals and equipment. As mentioned earlier, prosthetic adaptation needs to be handled one by one, "equivalent to the difference between ready-made clothes and customization." Liu Jinsong said that, therefore, a large number of professionals are needed, but there are very few prosthetics and orthotists in China and few training institutions.

According to Liu Jinsong, there are more than 2,000 prosthetic orthopedic institutions in Germany with a population of 80 million, but there are no specialized prosthetic orthopedic rooms in some provinces in China.

"When we go to local areas to carry out projects, we bring our own materials and borrow local equipment, but in many places, the technical accessibility is not enough and our staff need to develop them on the spot. Despite this, the requirements are the same, and we emphasize that the staff should have the spirit of artisans. " Liu Jinsong stressed.

-END

The Beijing police informed the typical epidemic-related cases： illegal lifting of the health treasure pop-up window, deliberate evasion of normal inspection at the checkpoint, etc.

Cctv newsOn August 15th, Beijing held the 386th press conference on the prevention and control of novel coronavirus epidemic. Pan Xuhong, deputy director of the Municipal Public Security Bureau and spokesperson, introduced at the conference that recently, the city has quickly disposed of a number of confirmed cases of sporadic overseas and Beijing-related input, warning us that foreign defense input is still the top priority of epidemic prevention and control, and there is no room for any carelessness. In the work, the general public knows the general situation, takes care of the overall situation, and consciously cooperates with the implementation of the epidemic prevention and control policy, making contributions to achieving the "four early" and effectively controlling risks. However, there are also some people who are lucky, covet temporary convenience, violate relevant policies and regulations, and interfere with the overall situation of epidemic prevention and control. Several typical cases are now reported.

1. Concealing personal itinerary information and returning to Beijing after illegally lifting the Health Treasure pop-up window.

On August 15th, the disease control department reported the infection of Liu Moumou, the asymptomatic infected person in Case No.3. The police cooperated with the disease control department and found that Liu Moumou was suspected of concealing the travel information he had traveled to middle and high risk areas when he complained about lifting the health treasure pop-up window in order to return to Beijing as soon as possible. At present, Liu’s behavior has led to 260 people being judged as risk personnel, which has caused major risks in the spread of the epidemic. Fengtai police have filed an investigation against Liu according to law. The police reminded that at present, the epidemic situation in some key tourist provinces and cities in China is grim. Please ask people who are traveling abroad to return to Beijing to strictly abide by the local and municipal epidemic prevention and control policies and regulations, arrange their trips reasonably as required, report to the community in advance, and return to Beijing safely and orderly. After returning to Beijing, measures such as nucleic acid detection and home health monitoring will be strictly implemented to minimize the risk of epidemic spread.

2. Deliberately evading the normal inspection at the checkpoint and attempting to enter and return to Beijing illegally.

Recently, when the police went to Beijing for investigation and control, some people, knowing that they did not meet the requirements of the policy of entering and returning to Beijing, evaded the normal inspection of the checkpoint by fraudulently using other people’s health code information, bypassing rural roads, hiding truck compartments, and climbing over isolation barriers.

On August 13th, during a routine inspection at the Yaoshang checkpoint in Fangshan District, it was found that Guo Moumou (male, 29 years old) fraudulently used other people’s health code information in an attempt to get into Beijing.

On the same day, when Zhao Moumou (male, 35 years old) and Li Moumou (female, 33 years old) passed through the Gangbei checkpoint in Tongzhou District, knowing that Li Moumou did not meet the conditions for entering Beijing, they contacted Yang Moumou (male, 43 years old) to help bypass the checkpoint and escape the epidemic prevention inspection.

Du Moumou (male, 47 years old) knew that Ruan Moumou (male, 46 years old) did not meet the policy of entering Beijing. When he passed the Xiaodiantun checkpoint in Tongzhou District, he helped Ruan Moumou hide in the truck compartment in an attempt to avoid inspection and enter Beijing. All the above-mentioned personnel were administratively detained by the Beijing police according to law.

In addition, the police, together with the departments of cultural tourism and market supervision, continue to carry out large-scale social epidemic risk investigation and law enforcement inspection, and investigate and deal with those who fail to implement the "four-party responsibility" and have great epidemic risk according to law. Since June, 23 related cases have been handled and 26 people have been given administrative punishment.

Pan Xuhong said that at present, the overseas epidemic continues to spread, and the domestic epidemic is distributed in many places. In addition, it is in the summer, and people are highly mobile. The string of epidemic prevention and control cannot be relaxed for a moment. It is everyone’s responsibility to prevent and control the epidemic situation. I hope that the general public will continue to strictly abide by the epidemic prevention management policy of returning to Beijing, carry out nucleic acid testing according to regulations, conscientiously implement epidemic prevention measures such as scanning code and temperature measurement, and jointly protect the hard-won epidemic prevention and control achievements.

Strengthening Party Building at the Grass-roots Level and Cohesing Development Synergy (Striving for New Journey, Building Achievements, New Era and Great Change)

　　The Urban Management Law Enforcement Bureau of Enshi City, Hubei Province and the Party organizations of community neighborhood committees under its jurisdiction built a red post station in Fenghuang Mountain National Forest Park to serve the masses. Photo by Tan Hua (People’s Vision)

　　Party member volunteers walked into the workshop of Dongliang New Materials Co., Ltd. in Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province, and preached the red revolution story to the employees during the break. Xinhua News Agency reporter Xu Yushe

　　Tongshan Village, Xinjiebu Town, shanggao county, Yichun City, Jiangxi Province, where young party member cadres re-take the Long March Road. Photo by Chen Qihai (People’s Vision)

　　People watch the exhibition "Great Party Building Spirit" in the First Memorial Hall of the Communist Party of China. Xinhua News Agency reporter Liu Ying photo

　　The audience watched the party’s construction achievements exhibition of the central and state organs at the National Museum of China. Photo by Chen Xiaogen (People’s Vision)

　　In Lishu Village, Caojia Town, Renshou County, Meishan City, Sichuan Province, party member is helping fruit farmers pollinate pear flowers, ensuring increased production and income, and helping rural revitalization. Photo by Pan Shuai (image China)

　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed: "The overall leadership of the Party and all the work of the Party should be realized by the Party’s strong organizational system." The Party’s grass-roots organizations are the fighting bastion of the Party in social grass-roots organizations, and the foundation of all the Party’s work and fighting capacity.

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has attached great importance to grass-roots party building, focused on improving organizational strength, highlighted political functions, consolidated the basic units of the party’s organizational system, woven important ties to serve the masses, smoothly implemented the "last mile" of the decision-making and deployment of the CPC Central Committee, and promoted all-round progress and perfection of grass-roots party organizations.

　　Grass-roots units are the foundation of the Party’s governance and the source of its strength. The construction level of grass-roots party organizations has been steadily improved, and the party’s ruling foundation has been continuously consolidated and consolidated, providing a strong organizational guarantee for realizing the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

Skoda Ming Rui RS leads 10 new cars in the 212 issue of the catalogue.

　

　　　 It is not uncommon for the new car access catalogue to be dominated by improved cars. This is not the case. Most of the new numbers in the No.212 catalogue are improved models. Only Dongfeng Nissan Machi can truly meet the new model standards. Although there are not many new models, we can still find some improvement information of heavyweight models by looking at the whole No.212 new car access catalogue. Next, we will appreciate which models are officially unveiled in this catalogue.

　　　 CA7131— — Senya

Dafa senya
Senya

Dafa senya　Dafa senya
Sunya (click to view larger image)

　　　 As judged in the quick report, it is really the old Sunya S80, not the Sunya S80 unveiled at the Beijing Auto Show. However, the changes in styling are mainly reflected in the details of the headlights and front bumper, which is not very different from the Sunya CROSS that has already been listed in the catalogue. At least, the structure will not be greatly adjusted, but why is it a new number? The vehicle declaration chart is still an old model, and the powertrain has not changed, which makes people somewhat puzzled.

car make and model　 Senya 1.3L Length/width/height (mm)　 4120,4185/1640,1685/1695　 Wheelbase (mm) 2655 Engine model　
　 K3-VE3　 Displacement (mL) 1298 Power (Kw) 67 Curb quality (Kg) 1130、1150 Aika Auto Network Tabulation www.xcar.com.cn　

　　　 K3-VE3 engine is used in power, with a displacement of 1298mL and a power of 67Kw. At present, there is only a 1.3L displacement model, and the 1.5L model does not appear in the catalogue.

　　　 DFL7150— — Dongfeng Nissan machi

　　　 At present, Nissan March has officially confirmed the domestic plan, and the latest name is "Ma Chi". For many domestic consumers, this car is relatively unfamiliar, but its production year in the Japanese market is not short, and it was first born in 1982. At present, the domestic model is its fourth generation product.

Dongfeng Nissan machi
Dongfeng Nissan machi

car make and model Machi 1.5L Length/width/height (mm)　 　3779/1666/1525　 Wheelbase (mm)　 2450 Engine model　 　HR15 Displacement (mL)　 1498 Power (Kw)　 79 Curb quality (Kg) 　955 Aika Auto Network Tabulation www.xcar.com.cn　

　　　 There is nothing new in styling. There is no doubt that there is no change in vehicle data at the Beijing Auto Show. Only one detail has changed. Before the original catalog data came out, the vehicle size was 3779/1666/1526mm, and the wheelbase was 2450 mm. Among them, there is a difference of 1mm in height, which may be due to the adjustment for the China market. Compared with the third-generation models, the expansion range is not large. The biggest data change is the length compared with the third-generation models.

Dongfeng Nissan machi
Dongfeng Nissan machi

At present, it is known that the domestic version of March is likely to match the 1.3L and 1.5L engines, but only the 1.5L engine, numbered HR15, is disclosed in the catalogue information. Compared with the previously published maximum power of 80kw/6000rpm, the power parameter is lowered by 1Kw, reaching 79Kw/6000rpm, and the previous data of the maximum torque is 148Nm(15.1kgm)/4400rpm. Because the catalog data is not published, the real data is unknown for the time being, and it will match the 5-speed manual transmission and the 4-speed automatic transmission.

Dongfeng Nissan machi
Dongfeng Nissan machi

And its kerb quality is very impressive. The standard A0-class car body has a kerb quality of less than one ton. Please note that the power value of HR15 is almost the same as that of the HR16 engine adopted by Yida, while the kerb quality of the latter is nearly 200 kilograms more, and the power is excessive.

1. Sunya New Car and Nissan Machi

　　　　 SVW7206— — Ming Rui RS edition

　　　 Ming Rui, which has just appeared in the 203 catalogue, will launch four models with displacement of 1.4TSI, 1.6L, 1.8TSI and 2.0L, but this is not the end. In addition to pushing 1.4TSI, it seems that 2.0TSI is also expanding. In addition to the well-known six-generation golf GTI, FAW will also launch Passat CC with 2.0TSI. However, Volkswagen Group has always attached importance to the balanced development between the north and the south. In addition to Hao Rui, SAIC has a tendency to expand. At present, the modeling of the RS version has been officially unveiled at the Beijing Auto Show. The focus of improvement is on the sports kit of the front and rear bumpers. At the same time, a tail wing is added to the tailgate cover, and the brake caliper is changed to red.

Skoda Eurasia

Skoda Eurasia　Skoda Eurasia
Ming Rui RS version (click to view larger image)

car make and model Ming Rui RS 2.0TSI Length/width/height (mm) 4597/1769/1462　 Wheelbase (mm)

2578
　

Engine model
　 CGM Displacement (mL)
　 1984 Power (Kw) 147
　 Curb quality (Kg) 1465 Aika Auto Network Tabulation www.xcar.com.cn　

　　　 The engine model is CGM, which is exactly the same as those of Haorui, Passat CC and Golf 6GTI, but in terms of adjustment, Haorui is different from Passat CC. Since it is a high-performance RS version of Ming Rui, it goes without saying that the power is definitely the focus, and the adjustment should be more biased towards Passat CC. Although the maximum power and torque have not changed, the speed range of torque explosion is advanced, and it can be maintained from 1700rpm to 5000rpm.

　　　 TV7132/7165— — Small change VIOS

　　　 Toyota was unusually low-key at this Beijing Auto Show. The annual revised corolla did not appear, and the annual revised VIOS was also hidden in the snow. It was just a temporary deal with a VIOS GL-S sports version. Obviously, the real main force was the new Facelift version of VIOS in this catalogue.

Change VIOS
Change VIOS

car make and model VIOS 1.3L VIOS 1.6L Length/width/height (mm)　 　4300/1690,1700/1490
　 Wheelbase (mm)　 2550 Engine model　 2NZ　 1ZR Displacement (mL)　 1299 1598 Power (Kw)　 63 87 Curb quality (Kg) 1075 1100（MT）1125（AT） Aika Auto Network Tabulation www.xcar.com.cn　

　　　 The power is the same as that of VIOS, even the engine and transmission itself have not been modified, and the main change is reflected in the appearance. Compared with the current domestic VIOS model, the new model is less fashionable and sporty, and more atmospheric and commercial. The main changes are concentrated in the water tank grille, and the single horizontal bar has become a chrome-plated decorative design with double banners, and the black fog lamp frame has also become a chrome-plated decoration. It makes the front of the whole new VIOS look round and thick, and the aluminum alloy wheel hub with 5 banners has also become a design with 12 banners.

　

2. Ming Rui RS version, modified VIOS

　

　　　 SY7162— — 2010 Junjie +1.6L New Engine

　　　 Although the existence of 2010 Junjie has been known for a long time, in addition to the newly revised "face" shape, the powertrain of Junjie in this catalogue has also been greatly adjusted, and the self-made 1.6CVVT engine, numbered BL16L, has been fully used.

Brilliance China New China Junjie

Brilliance China New China Junjie　Brilliance China New China Junjie
2010 Junjie (click to view larger image)

car make and model 2010 Junjie 1.6L Length/width/height (mm)　 　4650/1800/1450　 Wheelbase (mm)　 2790 Engine model　 BL16L
　 Displacement (mL)　 1587 Power (Kw)　 87
　 Curb quality (Kg) 1445 Aika Auto Network Tabulation www.xcar.com.cn　

　　　 The engine with the number BL16L has a displacement of 1587mL. As for the power parameter value, it is estimated that its power is about 85Kw and torque is about 145nm in the early stage, but after the publication of the catalogue data, it is quite close, and the power value is 87Kw. Of course, the torque has not been announced yet, and it is expected to reach about 150NM, which is a great improvement compared with the 4G18 power surface value of Dongan Mitsubishi previously matched by Junjie. However, please pay attention to one detail. The declared data of its curb weight is 1.445 tons, while the curb weight of Junjie 1.6L originally assembled with 4G18 is 1.39 tons, which is 55 kilograms more, which may be greatly related to the structural changes. In this way, the advantages of its powertrain establishment offset each other, but the cost is worthy of attention.

　　　 SY7200— — 2010 Junjie Wagon Cross

　　　 In the same period, the Cross model improved from the Wagon version of Junjie appeared, just like the 2010 Junjie model. They all made public appearances at the Beijing Auto Show. The mystery of modeling is gone. Of course, as far as the model itself is concerned, the improvement is very successful. Brilliance is always reassuring in the modeling part and will not challenge your visual nerve excessively.

Brilliance China New China Junjie
2010 Junjie Wagon Cross

car make and model 2010 Junjie Wagon Cross Length/width/height (mm)　 　4763/1836/1473　 Wheelbase (mm)　 2790　 Engine model　 　BL20L Displacement (mL)　 1991 Power (Kw)　 102
　 Curb quality (Kg) 1507（MT）1560（AT） Aika Auto Network Tabulation www.xcar.com.cn

　　　 In terms of power, Brilliance’s upcoming 2.0L engine will be fully launched. However, according to the information released in the previous period, this is only a naturally aspirated 2.0L engine, and CVVT technology has not been introduced. Of course, whether it is really owned or not can not be determined until it is listed. In addition, this car will also match the 5AT transmission.

　　　 MR7101— — Geely Global Hawk GC2

　　　 As speculated in the express, it is indeed a panda catalogue; Of course, Geely Group officially changed the sales name of Panda to Global Hawk GC2 at the Beijing Auto Show, and this appearance catalogue may be related to this.

Geely Global Hawk Panda
Geely panda

car make and model Global hawk GC2 1.0L Length/width/height (mm)　 　3598/1630/1465 Wheelbase (mm)　 2340 Engine model　 　JL3G10
　 Displacement (mL)　 997
　 Power (Kw)　 50
　 Curb quality (Kg) 1170 Aika Auto Network Tabulation www.xcar.com.cn

　　　 In terms of power, it is equipped with Geely’s three-cylinder 1.0CVVT engine under research. This engine is not unfamiliar. It appeared in Panda’s power configuration list as early as the end of last year, and it was not listed until the Guangzhou Auto Show last year. As for the modeling, there is no change, and the size parameters have not changed either, but there is a very interesting detail. The kerb quality in Panda’s original catalogue is 937kg. However, after replacing the US-Japan catalogue in this catalogue, it has become 1,170 kilograms, which is even more than 240 kilograms. You should know that this is just an ordinary gasoline engine model, neither a hybrid nor a pure electric vehicle. Is there a deviation in reporting data?

　

3. Junjie Travel Edition and Global Hawk New Car

　

　　　 JNJ7000— — Zotye electric passenger car

　　　 Zotye is the first pure electric vehicle manufacturer in China to log in the catalogue, and it is also the first manufacturer to offer a price. Of course, this can only be promoted and sold in the pilot area, and there is still some time to go before the real industrialization. However, the first car was developed based on 2008, and a 5008 pure electric vehicle model was also developed. Please pay attention to the number of those who appeared in this issue, which is JNJ7000, while the catalogue number of Zotye 2008 is JNJ6400 (electric). — Car, yes, this time Zotye made great efforts to push two pure electric vehicles, one is the Otto version of the pure electric vehicle based on the original Jiangnan Otto, and the other is improved with the help of the model in the picture below.

Zotye Auto 08 5008
Zotye 5008

Zotye Auto 08 5008
Zotye 5008

car make and model Zotye electric vehicle Length/width/height (mm)　 4089/1871/1695 Wheelbase (mm)　 2666 Engine model　 WTGSDJ-30A (motor)
　 Power (Kw) 30 (motor)　
　 Curb quality (Kg)　 1750
　 remarks 　1. battery: Ferrous lithium phosphate, SE180AHA, sky energy (Luoyang) co., ltd., single battery voltage and capacity (V/Ah):3.2/180, total voltage and total capacity (V/Ah):320/1802, battery management system model: GTBMS005A-MC11, manufacturer: Harbin crown. 3. Type of traction motor: water-cooled variable frequency induction motor, model: WTGSDJ-30A, rated power/peak value: 30kW/90.93kW, manufacturer: Jiangsu Weiteli Motor Manufacturing Co., Ltd.; 4. Traction motor controller: HIT-IMC30/90, Harbin Institute of Technology-Thailand. Aika Auto Network Tabulation www.xcar.com.cn

　　　 Since it is a pure electric vehicle, it is enough to keep a proper wait-and-see degree. After all, its limited kilometers limit the possibility of sales promotion, and Zotye has only one purpose in taking out the original pure electric vehicle modified by Otto in Jiangnan. How effective it is to seize the 50,000-yuan electric vehicle market can only be left to the market to respond.

　　　 SC7083— — Benben MINI 0.8L

　　　 After the launch of 1.0L, Benben MINI will also plan to launch a lower-displacement model, and 0.8L is the next step of Changan’s planning. The information of this appearance coincides with Changan’s plan.

Chang' an automobile benben MINI
Benben MINI

Chang' an automobile benben MINI　Chang' an automobile benben MINI
Benben MINI (click to view larger image)

car make and model 　Benben MINI 0.8L Length/width/height (mm)　 　3520/1570/1490　 Wheelbase (mm)　 2345 Engine model　 　JL366Q Displacement (mL)　 759 Power (Kw)　 38
　 Curb quality (Kg) 870 Aika Auto Network Tabulation www.xcar.com.cn

　　　 The power model is JL366Q engine, with a displacement of 759mL, which is smaller than QQ’s, but it is comparable to QQ308 in power performance, both of which are 38Kw, and the appearance level will not be improved more. After all, it has only been listed soon.

　　　 SQR7081/7101— — QQ3 minor change

　　　 In today’s market, it is difficult to increase the sales volume by relying solely on the model itself. It is becoming a mainstream trend to develop the corresponding CROSS version on the original model. No, QQ3 is also expected to launch its own small modified model, but it is not a substitute for the cash sales, but plays a role of flank cover. At present, Chery intends to turn QQ into a series model. This improved model has been clearly defined as a refined product of QQ, and it needs to be officially announced by Chery.

QQ3 minor change
QQ3 minor change

0.8L Manual Basic Edition　0.8L Manual Basic Edition
Old QQ3 (click to view larger image)

car make and model 　QQ3 to 0.8L QQ3 to 1.0L Length/width/height (mm)　 　3568/1495/1485, 1530　 Wheelbase (mm)　 2340 Engine model　 　SQR372　 SQR472FB Displacement (mL)　 812 993
　 Power (Kw)　 38 50
　 Curb quality (Kg) 880 897（AMT）　 Aika Auto Network Tabulation www.xcar.com.cn

　　　 According to the catalogue data, two models, 0.8L and 1.0L, will be launched in the small modified QQ3. Both 0.8 and 1.0L have ready-made AMT transmissions to choose from, and the price should not be far from the current QQ3, whether it is high or low depends on the real positioning when it is officially launched.

4. Zotye Electric Vehicle, Benben and QQ changed their models.

　

Looking for ＂body language to express human spiritual life＂

　　French writer Gide said: "Reading Dostoevsky is a lifelong event." Russian Aveman Ballet brought brothers karamazov to the 3rd China International Ballet Performance Season, which is a great event for the literary youth, opera fans and dance fans in Beijing.

　　Efman, who makes drama ballet into "contemporary"

　　Since 1980s and 1990s, Boris Efman has achieved the status of a world-class choreographer with his fiery psychological rendering. St Petersburg Aifman Ballet is also unique because of its "high altitude", high value and high ability in casting. It is precisely because of the excellence of the Evmanba Troupe, especially the joint efforts of choreography and performance, that Russian contemporary ballet quickly leaps to the forefront of the world, which not only contributes to the revival of Russian ballet culture on the world stage, but also represents a kind of "rebirth" of ballet.

　　There is a peak of literature or drama, but are you afraid that you can’t dance on the plateau of ballet? Of course not. For hundreds of years, although the development of ballet has something to do with the development of drama, it can’t be copied. Just as opera ballet in 18th century can’t copy the principle of "three unifications" of drama, the decline of Soviet drama ballet in 20th century is due to the mechanical application of "stanislavski’s drama system". One-sided pursuit of the story, ignoring the role of music and dance itself, no matter how vivid and true the "experiential school" pantomime is, it can only make the road of ballet more and more mediocre, and make the promising drama ballet become a pantomime ballet that "forbeares not to talk" and eventually end in the road. However, the concept of "psychological realism" in creation and performance is a feature of Soviet drama ballet, and the combination of actors and roles is also a magic weapon that Afman inherited. Therefore, in "brothers karamazov", Maria Abashova, the imperial heroine of Evman, bid farewell to the elegant and lonely Anna, and lived in the role of the integration of spirit and body in Glosinka, which makes people sigh, and the contrast is great! Of course, psychological ballet is also the credit of Russian psychological drama, which plays down the external plot and takes the inner world of the protagonist as the main performance space, so that the soul can stimulate a sharp edge in the collision.

　　Aifman inherited the exquisite tradition left by the predecessors and realized a thorough transformation. It is also quite important: Iveman turned the power of Russian classic literature into his own style — — Of course, there are also "ancestors" to explore the road. Just when the Soviet Union gave up drama ballet and found another way to create "symphonic ballet", the "modernity" in Russian literature ignited the inspiration of German drama ballet in the 1960s, among which the most famous masterpiece was the dance drama of the same name adapted from yevgeni onegin, the foundation work of Russian critical realism literature. The cooperation of duet, solo, four-person dance and group dance made ballet a wonderful combination of psychology, ideas, emotions and staged drama.

　　In the contemporary ballet stage, "expressing the human soul through dance", not just "telling a story by dance", has become the common aspiration of many outstanding contemporary dance masters. Both "human" and "soul" are key words that can not be ignored. It emphasizes the possibility of exploring human commonality and individual particularity with body language and realizing the work across time and space. Different from many European choreographers’ post-modern expansion of the classic "using the title to play", Evman still uses Russian literature as the medium to bring drama ballet into the "contemporary" field of vision. In the face of classics, Chinese accepted the re-creation of "respecting the original", not to mention Russian literature and Soviet literature, which once accompanied a generation of young people. Perhaps this is one of the reasons why Evman’s psychological ballet is gradually widely accepted in China.

　　Evman created the polyphonic ballet.

　　In the dance world of Evman, ballet is still beautiful, but the focus is not on beauty, because ballet has become a means for the role and audience to meditate together. If in many modern drama ballets, you can still tell the difference between performance dance and emotional dance, and you can also find dancing pantomime in it, then in brothers karamazov, not only the beautiful "plug-in" dance segments are excluded from the drama structure, but also the pantomime actions that generally explain the nature are avoided as far as possible, and the design materials of actions and gestures are basically abstract, leaving only essential dramas such as kissing, fighting and throwing money. The "psychological ballet" pursued by Evman is to find "a body language that can express the spiritual life of human beings", and the most attractive feature of Tuo’s novels is his philosophical exploration of the dark and profound mind.

　　Structure determines the success or failure of contemporary dance drama. The ballet version of "brothers karamazov" did not show the disastrous events that followed, nor did it rely on the ups and downs of the plot, but grasped the key plot line of "lust struggle". Therefore, the four fathers and sons and Grushenka, who is an angel and a devil, are the heroes of the play. As for the two dead wives of old Carla Matsov and the real murderer in the novel — — Another illegitimate child, as well as the eldest brother Dmitry’s fiancee, monastery elders and other roles have been hidden. Aifman is not just recreating a criminal investigation story of "killing his father" on the stage. He needs to think about how the main characters on the stage make this story happen, for example, he can’t "mime" the process of killing his father, or build a scene of court trial … … But let the story happen in the interweaving and conflict of ideas. In fact, we don’t know who the real murderer is, because the killing scene in the ballet is an abstract expression, and everyone is involved in it, and it is impossible to escape the guilt of "conspiracy". The cleverness of Efman is reflected here. Everyone in the play is suffering from complex and intense psychological torture. Like Tuo’s novels, the idea of the protagonist in the dance drama must also be the idea of the protagonist’s thoughts, and the setting of the relationship between the characters must also be reflected in the interweaving of thoughts.

　　We might as well use Bakhtin’s "polyphony" orientation to describe this dance drama — — Brothers karamazov is like a polyphonic ballet. In other words, there are no male and female leading actors in the drama, and the "spiritual world" of the protagonists is not completely controlled by the director. They are all independent individuals, and they are in contact with each other in the "dialogue". It’s just that the ideological duality of all the protagonists is not fully displayed in the dance drama. For example, Dmitry is simplified as a young man who falls in love with a romantic woman. Because of the lust struggle with his father, he becomes the biggest suspect in the "father-killing" incident and suffers a lot. Alesha, the youngest son, is the first hero to appear in the dance drama and the last curtain call. He is a devout believer, but he was once caught in a crisis of faith and was tempted by Grushenka. Later, Alesha’s heart fought fiercely, and his group dance with his multiple avatars showed us the cracks in his heart. But Efman did not show the reason why Alesha was caught in the crisis of faith.

　　Unlike anna karenine and Rodin, which Iveman brought twice before, love is no longer the core theme of the ballet version of brothers karamazov, but it is also an indispensable episode. Moreover, in this male-dominated dance drama, the actress’s scenes are often the highlights. Grushenka loves money more than men, and the only heroine is also the key to stirring up the tragedy. However, her greatest charm is not the romantic sex appeal that fascinates men, but her self-reflection. Therefore, in the second act, Efman made her dressed as a plain clothes bribe the prison guards, and danced a "behind bars duet" with Dmitry in desperation. The sincere love overflowed from the gestures, which was touching, which was in sharp contrast with the image of her flirtatious trampling on Dmitry and Alesha in the first act.

　　Before the performance, the only thing I am sure of is that this work must be more than just a dance drama with a pair dance of love to express its expression. Sure enough, father-son duet, four-person dance, brother solo dance, two-person dance and three-person dance made the upheaval special. The connection between dance segments often happens inadvertently, which shows that Aifman has made dramatic arrangements for the undulating internal structure of a piece of music — — The music continues, but the dance space has moved. Alienated father-son affection, fraternal affection, death, suffering, meaning of existence, fighting between good and evil, morality and religion … … In the uninterrupted dance space, they are twisted together, forming a big net of human self-test. Sometimes it makes people’s emotional, and sometimes it makes people hold their breath.

　　The ingenuity of music, lighting and dancing.

　　Crazy and wanton old Carla Matsov came in a trailer and was dragged by several prostitutes, which broke the silence of the three brothers shrouded in spiritual hymns. The music invaded so overbearingly, indicating that Iveman was "abnormal" in music setting this time. In the first act, the gorgeous Glossinka appeared with the folk songs of Tzgang style, and the manic and exaggerated brass instruments happened to be a portrayal of my father’s indulgence in life. At the end of the second act, when the music was suspended, Alesha returned to vulgarity among the people. The ethereal soprano singing in the play seems to come from the depths of the souls of three sons. In terms of music structure, this dance drama is often accompanied by such a sudden change in painting style. Although the styles of Wagner, Musorgskiy and Rachmaninov are "incoherent", they just show such a split and complicated family atmosphere. Similarly, the lighting of the dance drama is unpredictable, and the light and shade change quietly, and the scene of wanton dancing instantly evolves into a son’s monologue, or separates the different spiritual worlds of the protagonists.

　　The stage design of Efman’s works is simple and full of multiple symbolic meanings. A covered bridge, which is set up by the spiral staircase leading to the cross, is sometimes a romantic place for feasting and sometimes a big iron frame like a prison; The big net stretched out from Alesha’s body, the rope that tied Dmitry in the air and the child’s "skipping rope" went to his father’s hand, but it became a whip to Ivan, the pistol that split Ivan’s personality … … Are permeated with a burst of coolness. There is also a long table with erotic drama, which is also an important connection between father and son, and eventually becomes the only witness of the murder case, which makes people feel scared.

　　Literature gives dance power.

　　Of course, Efman is more interested in why this story happened. Although this deformed story of "coupled family" caused by social transformation is extremely special, the thinking of the characters in the play is also a problem faced by modern human beings. The dialogue between God and soul, which seems to be detached from the plot, actually influences the behavior of the characters.

　　In the ballet, except that Alesha is dressed in a black and white robe of a monk, Dmitry and Ivan are dressed like two contemporary youths. On the whole, the images of Ivan and Alesha are full, especially Ivan. What impressed people was several duets between Ivan and his brother. In the first act, he first had a spiritual "conversation" with Alesha. It was a "men’s duet" in which three people danced, and the one who was more was the incarnation of a holy angel. Paradoxically, the ugly old father even spared the "angel". Later, his duet with Dmitry began Ivan’s "dialogue" mode.

　　In the second act, the duet and group dance of Ivan and Alesha are intertwined, and the voice-over becomes an important element. Those group dancers dressed in prison uniforms repeated Ivan’s mechanical movements and surrounded him completely. Although the body texture of the "prisoners" became soft and comfortable by accident because of Alesha’s inspiration, Ivan resolutely dominated the dialogue between them in terms of physical relationship, just like the "religious judge" in the original novel talking to the silent Jesus. Bread or freedom? In the face of Ivan’s strength, Alesha just silently kissed Ivan on the forehead, but it has the power to moisten things silently. Contrary to many male dancers, Fisher, the actor who plays Alesha, is not a tall and powerful dancer, but more convincing. Perhaps it was this kiss that made Ivan after him re-examine himself. He continued to manipulate the "prisoners" who lost their freedom and repeated forceful actions, but the occasional tremor was very obvious, and finally he stumbled and fell. On the analysis of Ivan’s heart, Evman kept the most discussed and famous literary fragment in the book. The strength of this dance comes more from the literature itself. I wonder if this is a pity or a blessing?

　　There is another scene in the play that is meaningful. Dostoevsky once deliberately emphasized the beauty of children’s hearts in his novels. In the first scene, an innocent girl plays a skipping game, but can these simple beauties really stop evil? What is terrible is that this rope that brings happiness turned out to be a whip waving on Ivan. Ivan’s mind has the creed of "doing nothing with evil", and his "duet" is his dialogue with demons. Due to the absence of the illegitimate child, the dance drama did not clearly show who was the real murderer, and this "duet" pointed the murderer at a doppelganger of Ivan. In any case, he could not escape the guilt of instigation and incitement.

　　Finally, the three brothers who warmed each other with love and Gloucesinka reached the same goal by different routes, and they all went to the road of self-salvation and approached the spiraling cross one after another. These miserable souls are willing to tear the wound open for us to see, even though the fester is still bleeding and pus, they still have to expose Lu Xun’s so-called "true whiteness hidden under that evil" … … Dialogue with Ivan is the key to Alesha’s spiritual transformation. In redemption, love and goodness are eternal. But the whole viewing process is full of confusion, circuitous and anguish. I think, Iveman succeeded.

It is hard-won to fight risks and tide over difficulties.

CCTV News:On the morning of October 24th, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China held a press conference to introduce Report to the 20th CPC National Congress who interpreted the Party. At the press conference, in response to a reporter’s question, why do you call the ten-year change in the new era a "great change"? Jiang Jinquan, director of the Policy Research Office of the CPC Central Committee, made an interpretation.

Jiang Jinquan, Director of the Policy Research Office of the CPC Central Committee:The great changes in the ten years of the new era are all-directional, fundamental and patterned, and their influence is overall and historic, so they are called "great changes". In the past ten years, we have faced many risks, challenges and contradictions, and the task of eliminating the root causes, chaos and evil spirits is heavy. It is very difficult to overcome difficulties and eliminate stubborn diseases, which is rare in the world and history, and the change is hard-won.

I have the following experiences: First, great changes were achieved in solving prominent contradictions within the Party. Over the past ten years, the CPC Central Committee has unswervingly strengthened the overall leadership of the Party, promoted the strict administration of the Party in an all-round way, made great efforts to solve the problems of weakening, blurring and diluting the implementation of the Party’s leadership, persistently rectified the "four winds", resolutely punished corruption, eliminated the hidden political dangers within the Party, and eliminated the worries that the Party will not be a party. The Party’s leadership has become stronger and stronger, and the political ecology within the Party has taken on a new look, providing a fundamental political guarantee for realizing great changes.

Second, great changes were achieved by solving the outstanding contradictions in economic and social development. Faced with the long-term accumulated contradictions in the economy and society and a series of new contradictions arising from the changes in the domestic and international situation, including the turbid waves of "decoupling" of economy and science and technology set off by some western countries, the CPC Central Committee and the Supreme Leader General Secretary put forward a series of new ideas, new strategies, new ideas and new measures, especially putting forward and implementing new development concepts and promoting the construction of a new development pattern, which not only effectively responded to the triple pressures of shrinking demand, supply shocks and weakening expectations, but also laid the foundation for China’s long-term stable development and safe development.

Third, great changes are achieved in response to external risk challenges. In the past ten years, in the face of rapid changes in the international situation, external blackmail, containment, blockade and extreme repression, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core led the people of the whole country, maintained strategic strength, carried forward the spirit of struggle, and resolutely fought head-to-head against evil, ghosts and pressure, effectively safeguarding national dignity and core interests and firmly grasping the initiative of China’s development and security.

Judging from these three aspects, the great changes in the new era and ten years were not easily achieved, but were achieved in overcoming various risks and challenges, even in stormy waves, and were the result of the United struggle and resolute struggle of the whole party and the people throughout the country.

Innovative social governance： who will govern what and how.

　　The introduction of residence permit is an important measure for the reform of household registration system, which enables new urban residents to enjoy the same rights and interests as local residents. The picture shows migrant workers consulting the residence permit processing process at Dahuoquan Police Station of Qiaoxi Branch of Xingtai Public Security Bureau. Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhu Xudong photo

　　The picture shows the staff of the grid "Minsheng 110" service center in Shaowu City, Fujian Province, handling the help-seeking service of the masses. Xinhua News Agency reporter Lin Shanchuan photo

　　1. The background and objectives of social governance concept.

　　The Decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Several Major Issues of Comprehensively Deepening Reform adopted by the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee pointed out that "the overall goal of comprehensively deepening reform is to improve and develop the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system and promote the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity". The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China’s Proposal on Formulating the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development, adopted by the Fifth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee, further holds that strengthening and innovating social governance is an important starting point for strengthening and improving the Party’s leadership and providing a strong guarantee for the realization of the 13th Five-Year Plan.

　　The application of the concept of "social governance" has gone through a process in understanding — — Before the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee, we mainly used the concept of "social management". Since the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee adopted "the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China’s Decision on Comprehensively Deepening Reform", our party began to replace "social management" with the concept of "social governance". The transformation from social management to social governance is not a simple "one-word change", it reflects the obvious differences in governance subject, governance mode, governance scope and governance focus, and it is a profound summary of our party’s experience in dealing with social problems and solving social contradictions in the new period of reform, opening up and socialist modernization, and reflects the important theoretical and practical achievements made by the CPC Central Committee with the supreme leader as the general secretary in China’s social construction.

　　Innovating social governance has become a very important task to innovate government behavior. The Fourth Plenary Session of the 16th CPC Central Committee, held in September 2004, proposed for the first time to "establish and improve the social management pattern of party committee leadership, government responsibility, social coordination and public participation." In the report of the 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China in 2007, it was put forward: "We should improve the social management pattern of party committee leadership, government responsibility, social coordination and public participation, and improve the grass-roots social management system." In 2010, 35 comprehensive pilot projects of social management innovation were identified nationwide, and the "Guiding Opinions on Comprehensive Pilot Projects of Social Management Innovation in China" was formulated. In November 2012, the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed to "strengthen social construction in improving people’s livelihood and innovative management". In November 2013, the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee decided to "innovate the social governance system", and put forward the principle requirements from four aspects: improving the social governance mode, stimulating the vitality of social organizations, innovating the system for effectively preventing and resolving social contradictions, and improving the public security system. In October 2014, the Fourth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee proposed that we should adhere to systematic governance, legal governance, comprehensive governance and source governance, and improve the level of legalization of social governance. The Fifth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee held in November 2015 proposed to strengthen and innovate social governance. We will build a safe China, improve the social governance system under the leadership of Party committees, government-led, social coordination, public participation and the rule of law, and promote the refinement of social governance.Construct a social governance pattern that all people build and share. "Strengthening", "Perfecting" and "Innovating" social governance is getting stronger and stronger, theoretical research is getting deeper and deeper, governance ideas are getting clearer and clearer, and the connotation, extension and focus of social governance are getting clearer and clearer, which has laid a good foundation for realizing the scientificity of social governance.

　　First of all, to strengthen and innovate social governance, we must firmly grasp the general requirement of maximizing social vitality, maximizing harmonious factors and minimizing disharmonious factors. The general requirements of "three maximums" embody two meanings: one is to stimulate social vitality, and the other is to achieve social stability and order by increasing harmonious factors and reducing disharmonious factors. The Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee pointed out that it is necessary to "accelerate the formation of a scientific and effective social governance system to ensure that the society is full of vitality and harmonious and orderly." This is the goal of our efforts to establish a scientific and effective social governance system and mechanism, the general task and requirement of strengthening and innovating social governance, and a very important content of promoting the modernization of the national governance system.

　　Secondly, vitality and order, development and stability are dialectical and unified relations, which cannot be neglected. Maintaining stability in development and maintaining the unity of opposites in development should be a basic principle for us to innovate social governance and deepen social system reform. At present, one of the main problems in strengthening and innovating social governance in China is that the relationship between stimulating social vitality and maintaining social stability is not properly handled. When we need to choose between stability and development, we tend to pay more attention to the former than the latter, that is, we pay more attention to stability and order than to vitality and development. Therefore, it must be deeply realized that maintaining social stability is only one aspect of social governance, and building a dynamic, stable and orderly society is the real purpose of social governance, and the two must be promoted together. In short, the goal of social governance is to achieve a dynamic balance between stability and vitality.

　　2. Current problems and challenges in the field of social governance in China

　　China’s economy has entered a "new normal", which is faced with a shift in growth rate, a painful period in structural adjustment and a digestive period in previous stimulus policies. Therefore, the problems encountered in the field of social construction will be more and more complicated. It is very urgent and important to maintain the long-term stability of society and strengthen and innovate social governance.

　　(1) Social problems are frequent and sudden. The mass incidents in some places every year are the concentrated expression of this problem, which urgently requires innovative social governance. This problem mainly focuses on personnel treatment, land expropriation, wages and benefits, house demolition, law-related litigation and other areas of interest. To sum up, there are four main categories: first, the contradiction between low-income groups and middle-and high-income groups that reflect the distribution relationship; second, the contradiction between farmers and citizens that reflect the urban-rural relationship; third, the contradiction between employees and employers that reflect the labor relationship; and fourth, the contradiction between the governor and the governed that reflect the relationship between the party and the masses. These four aspects are related in essence, which together indicate the frequent problems, increasing contradictions and risk accumulation in the social transformation period. Therefore, paying attention to social security, preventing and resolving social risks, innovating social governance and establishing a new social operation order have become important topics in the transitional society. In other words, frequent social problems force social governance innovation.

　　(2) The increasing social mobility, while promoting the transformation from "unit person" to "social person" and "community person", puts forward new requirements for the focus of social governance. According to relevant statistics, in the total urban employment population, "unit people" used to account for more than 95%, but now this proportion has dropped to about 30%. In 2010-2015, the number of floating population in China remained above 200 million, and a large number of "unit people" have changed to "social people". The scale of social mobility has become larger and larger, and cross-regional mobility has become a normal state. The great transformation of social members from unit people to social people and community people has brought many new problems and new problems to social governance, and the traditional social governance models and methods have been seriously challenged.

　　(3) profound changes in the social stratum structure. The multi-subjects in the market brought about by the market-oriented reform have changed the single ownership structure, and at the same time, how to coordinate the demands of different classes and different interest groups has put forward new requirements for social governance. We believe that an important task to promote the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity at present is to make an in-depth investigation and study on the interests of all walks of life in China and their development and change trends. On this basis, we should reform the original system, formulate new policies and measures as soon as possible, coordinate the interests of all social strata, and gradually establish an interest distribution system and mechanism that adapts to the socialist market economic system. By deepening the reform in an all-round way, we will strive to coordinate the interests of all social strata and build a society in which everyone enjoys the "sense of gain" of reform.

　　(D) the inertia of the traditional system. The outstanding performance is as follows: first, the concept lags behind, the "end of the story" is reversed, and the value orientation of social governance is misplaced. When some departments perform social governance functions, their value orientation is not based on the concept of "citizen standard", "society standard" and "rights standard", but on "official standard" and "government standard", which seriously affects the government’s social governance function. Second, pay attention to economic growth and despise social development. Taking GDP as a hero leads to the disharmony between social development and economic development, and social development lags behind economic development for at least ten years. Third, the party and government are not divided, and the political society is not divided. Before the reform and opening up, we distorted the Marxist concept of state in practice, copied the Soviet model, and formed a governance system of "nationalization of social governance", which led to the integration of political parties, the state and society, and led to the party’s over-concentration and meticulous governance of social affairs. Fourth, the transformation of government functions is not in place. It should be acknowledged that great achievements have been made in government reform over the years, government functions have changed greatly, service awareness has been greatly enhanced, and the construction of service-oriented government is continuing to advance, but there are still many aspects that need reform. Fifth, the development of social organizations is not enough, and the space for playing its role needs to be improved. As of the first quarter of 2016,There are 664,800 social organizations with competent departments and registered by civil affairs departments, including 329,000 social organizations, 331,000 private non-enterprise units and 4,841 foundations. Social organizations have initially played an important role in social governance and public services, but on the whole, their development is not mature enough, which is mainly manifested in four aspects: First, they have a strong administrative color and low autonomy. Judging from the existing social organizations in China, most of the social organizations that are more influential in society are government-run, government-run, or have a high degree of government-run. Second, the composition structure is unreasonable and its function needs to be improved. At present, the development of social organizations in China is very uneven. Mutual benefit organizations, especially mutual benefit economic organizations, such as trade associations and chambers of commerce, develop rapidly, while public welfare social organizations, such as foundations and private non-enterprise units, develop relatively slowly. Third, the legal system of social organizations is not perfect. At present, there is no Social Organization Law to regulate and protect the activities of social organizations. Fourth, the understanding is not in place and the function of social organization is not well understood.

　　3. Innovative basic ideas and solutions of social governance.

　　The basic ideas of innovating social governance should be: we must focus on safeguarding the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people, give full play to the leading, collaborative, autonomous, self-disciplined and mutual-disciplined roles of multiple subjects in social governance, integrate social governance resources, and form a pluralistic governance structure; It is necessary to organically combine the rule of virtue with the rule of law, so that the rule of law plays an increasingly important role in regulating society; We should let all kinds of forces conducive to social stability and the growth of a harmonious society compete in generate, comprehensively promote the construction of a peaceful China, safeguard national security, and ensure that people live and work in peace and contentment, social stability and order, and national security and harmony.

　　To this end, we should solve three basic problems in path selection and key grasp.

　　(A) What does social governance govern: "two levels and one tone"

　　Social governance is mainly a process in which party committees, governments and various social organizations regulate the behavior of social members by means of law, administration and morality, and organize, coordinate, serve, supervise and control social public affairs in order to promote the coordinated operation of the social system. The purpose of doing this is to meet the social needs of the broad masses of social members, solve social problems, resolve social risks, and achieve social stability, order and vitality. The author makes a systematic review of the central government’s literature and academic viewpoints on social management and social governance in the past ten years, and thinks that the content of social governance can be summarized into three aspects, which are referred to as "two levels and one tone" for short, including: first, the platform construction of social governance, including the establishment of a new pattern and system of social governance, and the establishment and improvement of social organizations and community platforms. The second is the construction of peace, covering social security, emergency mechanism, national security construction and other fields. The third is to coordinate three relationships, namely, the relationship between dominance and subjectivity, maintaining stability and safeguarding rights, and the relationship between the rule of law and the rule of virtue.

　　According to a large number of investigations and observations, at present, in the actual work in various places, daily social governance is mainly in two aspects, one is safe construction, and the other is guaranteed work. The former is mainly done by the Political and Legal Committee, the Public Prosecution Law and the Letters and Calls Department; The latter is mainly responsible for civil affairs, social security and other departments. As a relatively independent social governance system, it should have richer connotations, including the three major aspects mentioned above. The specific content can be increased or decreased with the change of the situation, but the big framework should be relatively fixed.

　　(B) Who will govern social governance: multi-subject governance.

　　Since modern times, the understanding of governance subject in foreign theoretical circles has gone through three stages. The first stage was after World War II. Influenced by Keynesianism and the trend of thought of welfare state, public administration theory occupied the mainstream, and the government took care of a series of affairs such as social policy. In the second stage, after 1980s, the new public governance theory characterized by drawing lessons from corporate governance became popular. American scholars Gueble and Osborne put forward in their book Reinventing Government that the function of the government is to steer, not to paddle, that is, many government responsibilities can be outsourced through contracts. The third stage is the beginning of the 21st century, when the new public service theory rises. The representative work of this theory — — Denhardt’s book "New Public Service" puts forward that the government’s duty is to serve, not to steer, and the government should try its best to meet the individual needs of citizens, not to make decisions for the people. These viewpoints are instructive for us to understand the new pattern and system of social governance with China characteristics.

　　The report of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward that it is necessary to "speed up the formation of a social management system under the leadership of the Party committee, with the government taking responsibility, social coordination, public participation and the guarantee of the rule of law". This statement clearly shows that the main body of governance is pluralistic, and the biggest difference from the traditional highly centralized social governance system is the emphasis on social coordination, public participation and legal construction. The implementation of this point will greatly change the relationship between the state and society and take substantial steps towards "small government and big society". Party committees should "grasp the big picture", mainly "look up at the road" and do a good job in the top-level design of social governance values, strategic planning and system construction. The government is mainly responsible for "serving". According to the requirements of changing functions, rationalizing relations, optimizing structure and improving efficiency, we should improve the government responsibility system, strengthen social governance functions, strive to build a service-oriented government, provide more and better public services, and meet the diversified needs of citizens. Social coordination, the key point is to give full play to the synergy of mass organizations such as workers, young women, grassroots mass autonomous organizations and social organizations, and form a social governance and public service network in which the party Committee, government and social forces are interconnected, complementary and interactive. Compared with the government, social organizations have the natural advantages of social network and social capital, which can extend their tentacles into the daily life of ordinary people and deeply understand the individual demands of citizens. Public participation, mainly "Autonomy ",without social autonomy, there will be no social good governance. It is necessary to widely mobilize and organize the masses to participate in social governance and public services rationally and orderly according to law, so as to realize self-governance, self-service, self-education and self-development. Social governance is a governance in which the whole society participates. We must mobilize the enthusiasm of every citizen and form a good situation in which everyone participates in social governance and everyone shares in a harmonious society. The guarantee of the rule of law is mainly about means. Governing the country according to law is our general requirement. As a part of the whole social system, social governance also needs the fundamental guarantee of the rule of law. The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China’s Decision on Several Major Issues of Comprehensively Advancing the Rule of Law, adopted by the Fourth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee, has played a great role in standardizing and improving the level of social governance from the perspective of emphasizing the role of the rule of law.

　　(C) How to manage social governance: establish a correct value orientation and take a multi-pronged approach.

　　1. Innovate the concept of social governance and focus on solving the problem of who governance is for. First, we must firmly establish the people-oriented concept. In the final analysis, social governance is to govern and serve people, and constantly realize, safeguard and develop the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people. Second, we must firmly establish the concept of service priority. Comrade Deng Xiaoping once pointed out that "leadership is service". Today, we innovate the concept of social governance, especially keeping in mind the teaching of Comrade Xiaoping. Third, we must firmly establish the concept of the rule of law. When the report of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed to speed up the formation of a social governance system, the article "guarantee by the rule of law" was added in particular, which showed that social governance must be governed by law, both reasonable and legal.

　　2. Strengthen the leading role and service function of the government in social governance, and solve the problem of excessive governance and governance gaps. The so-called excessive governance means that for the same problem, many social governance subjects have to govern and show their authority. As a result, the multi-headed governance, offside for profits and cross-dislocation, the more the governed object is governed, the more it dies. When it is really necessary to solve the problem, the governance subjects are unclear in their responsibilities, buck passing and internal friction, and they have the name of governance without the reality of governance. The common people often say that "nine big caps are holding a broken straw hat" and "Kowloon controls water and floods are endless", which is the truth. The so-called governance gap is that the pipe is unattended and can’t be managed, and there is a blind spot. The government should provide public services wholeheartedly and truly transform into a service-oriented government.

　　3. Build a social organization platform, actively cultivate and develop social organizations, and solve the problem of no resources for social governance. At present, many social organizations in China are facing the difficulties of capital shortage. The measures that can be taken in this regard are: first, the government entrusts management, that is, the government changes the integration of ownership and management rights into the separation of ownership and management rights, and entrusts state-owned welfare facilities to private operators. The successful operation of some social organizations in Pudong, Shanghai, is actually a model entrusted by the government. Second, the government purchases services. The "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" points out that the government will no longer directly undertake innovative ways of providing public services that can be provided by the government. Can be provided by the government and social capital cooperation, widely attract social capital to participate. The third is government subsidized services. The main idea in this regard is that the state finance directly allocates funds to social organizations to help them realize their functions effectively.

　　4. Build a good community platform, improve the new community governance and service system, and further strengthen and improve the grassroots social governance and service system. The report of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China puts forward new requirements for the construction of urban and rural communities, that is, to establish a new community governance system with the leadership of community party organizations as the core, the residents’ autonomy as the foundation, the extensive participation of residents, and the interaction and cooperation of various community organizations, so as to effectively improve the level of community governance. Orderly governance, perfect service, civilization and peace are the general requirements for community construction. Standing in the community to see the community, the community is called the community name area, and the community construction should be socialized; Looking at the community outside the community, the community is named as a famous community. We should pay attention to the integrity of community construction and give play to the overall role of the government. Some problems that cannot be solved in the community must be coordinated and solved by the government.

　　5. Extensive mobilization to attract public participation. To strengthen and innovate social governance, we must widely mobilize and organize citizens to participate in social governance rationally and orderly according to law, guide citizens to understand their responsibilities and obligations while enjoying their rights, and unify rights, responsibilities and obligations.

　　To strengthen and innovate social governance, it is essential to establish a new service concept based on society and guided by residents’ needs, to create a new balance between vitality and stability, and to build a new relationship between government and society. At present, the main task is to promote the refinement of social governance under the new requirements of innovative social governance system and build a social governance pattern that all people build and share.

　　(Xie Zhiqiang, the author is a professor at the Party School of the CPC Central Committee)