月度归档： 2025 年 4 月

　　editorial comment/note

　　With the outline of the national long-term scientific and technological development plan (2006— With the implementation of "2020)", China’s investment in scientific research and discipline construction is increasing, the pace of development is obviously accelerated, the innovation ability is gradually improved, and its international influence is expanding day by day. A series of reports on discipline development research issued by China Association for Science and Technology (2014— 2015) shows that in recent years, China’s discipline construction has achieved a number of important achievements, the overall level has been greatly improved, and many key scientific and technological indicators have entered the forefront of the world. We are changing the world R&D pattern.

　　In the 21st century, the rapid development of the new scientific and technological revolution has promoted the intersection, integration, infiltration, differentiation and development of disciplines, and given birth to new major breakthroughs.

　　In recent years, China’s investment in discipline construction has been increasing, the discipline development environment has been continuously optimized, the discipline team has been growing, the discipline platform construction has been improved, and international cooperation and exchanges have been strengthened, which has effectively promoted the development of discipline construction and scientific research, and the basic disciplines and applied disciplines have also been continuously improved and developed. The innovation bred by interdisciplinary integration is gradually changing the discipline structure.

　　1. Significant achievements in discipline research.

　　Since the 21st century, the number of international scientific papers published by scientists in China has shown an alarming growth rate, which has aroused widespread concern in the international scientific and technological circles, which also reflects the development trend of various disciplines in China.

　　Extended version of the Web of Science Science Index of Thomson Technology Group — — ESI database divides all natural science fields into 22: clinical medicine, chemistry, physics, biology and biochemistry, molecular biology and genetics, neuroscience and behavior, materials science, engineering science, botany and zoology, environmental ecology science, immunology, pharmacology and toxicology, earth science, neurology and psychology, agricultural science, microbiology, space science, computer science and so on.

　　From 2005 — According to the data in 2015, some disciplines in China are already in the leading position in the world and have strong influence in the world. High-quality research achievements in 22 disciplines in China have increased significantly, among which the number of international scientific papers published in chemistry, physics, engineering science, material science and clinical medicine has exceeded 100,000, especially in chemistry, reaching more than 300,000; In addition, the achievements in the fields of biology and biochemistry, earth science and computer science are also very impressive. Among the 22 disciplines, China has the highest number of "articles are cited" in many disciplines, which is 18.63; Followed by molecular biology and genetics, with 11.55.

　　As of 2015, from the ranking of the number of published papers, 17 of the 22 disciplines in China are in the top five in the world, among which, China’s chemistry and materials science ranks first in the world.

　　In addition, the proportion of periodical papers published in the field of system science and system engineering in China increased from 23.5% in 2010 to 32.1% in 2015, making it the leading country in this field in the world.

　　At the same time, China’s frontier subject papers have made great achievements. In October 2015, the Literature and Information Center of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Thomson Reuters, an international professional information service provider, released the report "Research Frontier in 2015", which showed that China had core papers in 82 frontier disciplines, and the number of core papers in 16 frontier disciplines was the first. This shows that China has a strong frontier contribution and ranks among the world’s advanced in some important frontier disciplines.

　　In addition, the report also shows that there are 38 frontier disciplines in China, with 133, 68, 55 and 29 in the United States, Britain, Germany and Japan respectively. The 16 frontier disciplines in China ranked first in the number of core papers are from the fields of chemistry and materials science, physics, mathematics, computer science and engineering, agriculture, botany and zoology, biological science and earth science.

　　Among them, in the field of chemistry and materials science, China’s contribution to frontier disciplines exceeds that of the United States. Among the 19 frontier disciplines in this field, China ranks first in the number of core papers among the 9 frontier disciplines, and the United States has 7.

　　2. The application trend of basic research is obvious.

　　In recent years, the application trend of some basic research in China is obvious. The transformation period of basic research results is shortened, and the boundary between basic research and applied research is increasingly blurred.

　　For example, in the field of mathematics, the numerical solution of developmental partial differential equations has become a rapidly developing discipline in the field of applied mathematics, and it has important applications in aerospace, electromagnetism, petroleum exploration, semi-conductor device simulation, water pollution treatment, ocean and meteorology. The research on numerical simulation methods of these mathematical and physical equations belongs to the frontier research field of science and engineering calculation, and the design, analysis and application of high-order precision numerical algorithms for these problems have always been a challenging topic.

　　From the specific disciplines, basic disciplines such as biology, life science, chemistry and earth science have made remarkable progress in the application of basic research.

　　Take the "973" project with Zhao Guoping, the chief expert of Shanghai Academy of Life Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, as an example. Focusing on the key scientific issues and related technical difficulties such as the design principle, synthesis and assembly, module construction, standardized library building and integration and adaptation mechanism in chassis cells, this project focuses on the artificial heterologous synthesis of terpenoids, and has made some important progress, especially in the important medicinal and edible terpenoids such as rare ginsenoside CK, stevioside and tanshinone precursor rust alcohol. In addition, significant progress has been made in the mining and synthesis technology innovation of component modules.

　　The application of synthetic biology technology in tumor research is just beginning at home and abroad. The "973" project "Basic research of synthetic biological devices in bladder cancer intervention", headed by Professor Cai Zhiming of Shenzhen University, applied synthetic biology technology in tumor treatment research on the basis of system biology. The project discovered some key genes and pathways of bladder cancer, and based on the analysis of relevant gene network information, the quantitative controllable engineering system was used to characterize the commonness of complex events in the occurrence and development of bladder cancer, and many potential compound targets for bladder cancer identification and treatment were excavated.

　　In physics, near-field optical tweezers is a new technology based on near-field optical theory, which can capture and manipulate particles stably. Compared with the traditional far-field optical tweezers based on single beam gradient force, near-field optical tweezers overcome the limitations of optical resolution diffraction limit and thermal effect, and can capture and manipulate nano-sized particles. Optical tweezers are widely used in biology, physics and chemistry because of their unique non-contact and non-destructive characteristics, especially in biology, which has been used to study cells, viruses, bacteria and DNA molecules.

　　In chemistry, with the development of strategic emerging industries in China, new materials have become a hot research direction in recent years. By exploring the properties of different kinds of materials, practical problems encountered in production and life can be solved. Supercapacitor is a new type of energy storage element between traditional capacitor and chemical power supply. It has the advantages of short charging time, long cycle life, good power characteristics, wide temperature range, economy and environmental protection, and has been widely concerned in many fields. The development trend of electrode materials mainly has two directions: compounding materials, using the synergistic effect between different materials, compounding and doping between different materials, in order to obtain electrode materials with excellent performance; Nanometer materials not only have high specific surface area, but also can improve the transmission and diffusion paths of electrons and ions, thus improving the electrode performance.

　　In addition, China has accumulated a lot in some important frontier fields of basic research, and has also bred new breakthroughs in application, such as dark matter, discovery of new particles and survey of the sky in Hanoi, which is expected to deepen human understanding of the universe and then play an important role in human space exploration; In the fields of high temperature superconductivity and topological insulators, quantum memory, quantum regulation, mesoscale science, etc., it is expected to explore and discover new physical and chemical principles and produce application value; In the research fields of synthetic biology and brain science, it is possible to explore the origin of life and innovate scientific thinking methods.

　　3. The growth rate of disciplines related to people’s livelihood.

　　The development of information science and technology is in the ascendant, and it is the leading force of sustained economic growth; The rapid development of life science and biotechnology plays a key role in improving and improving the quality of human life; Energy science and technology continue to heat up, opening up new ways to solve energy problems; The rapid growth of new achievements in the field of environmental protection provides new solutions to environmental problems. Science and technology related to people’s livelihood have been vigorously developed, and the speed of application and transformation of science and technology has been accelerating.

　　Taking Chinese medicine as an example, Chinese medicine is a unique health resource in China and an important national industry, which is of great significance in the overall economic and social development. Historical reasons and the complexity of traditional Chinese medicine itself restrict the varieties of traditional Chinese medicine to become bigger and stronger. The secondary development of traditional Chinese medicine has led the innovative development direction of traditional Chinese medicine industry, promoted the technological upgrading of traditional Chinese medicine industry, played a significant role in ensuring the success of medical reform in China and promoting the development of biomedical industry, and produced significant economic and social benefits.

　　For example, around the great demand of making Chinese patent medicines bigger and stronger, and promoting the transformation of Chinese traditional medicine industry to science, technology, efficiency and economy, the research group of Academician Zhang Boli of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine took the lead in putting forward the research strategy of secondary development of Chinese patent medicines. After theoretical innovation, technical breakthrough and popularization and application, five core technical systems, such as accurate clinical positioning of Chinese patent medicines, systematic analysis of pharmacodynamic substances, network pharmacology, process quality optimization and digital whole-process quality control, were established, and a secondary development model of Chinese patent medicines was formed, which effectively promoted the technological upgrading of Chinese traditional medicine industry and enabled Chinese medicines to be upgraded. The project has completed the secondary development of 32 varieties of Chinese patent medicines, and the number of varieties with sales exceeding 100 million yuan has increased from 3 to 12. The project technology has been promoted in many places across the country and applied to nearly 100 Chinese medicine enterprises.

　　4. Interdisciplinary integration breeds innovation.

　　Interdisciplinary integration is the source of innovation. The intersection and integration of disciplines is often the frontier of innovation, which leads to major scientific discoveries and the emergence of emerging disciplines. At present, many disciplines are committed to cultivating the awareness of interdisciplinary integration, exploring effective ways of interdisciplinary integration, stimulating innovation vitality, improving innovation quality and comprehensively enhancing innovation ability.

　　Biomedical interdisciplinary subjects are constantly exploring and deepening in frontier fields. For example, Professor Wang Xiaoying from the Imaging Department of the First Hospital of Peking University, Zhou Diange’s research team from the Department of Orthopaedics of Peking University People’s Hospital and Zhang Jue’s research team from the Peking University Biomedical Interdisciplinary Research Center cooperated closely to innovatively develop a new type of flexible coil, which provided a brand-new idea for the design and imaging of magnetic resonance radio frequency coil and non-invasive perfusion functional imaging of lower limbs.

　　In recent years, China’s frontier interdisciplinary subjects have effectively promoted the system construction, discipline construction and team construction of disciplines in China by exploring the innovation of scientific research and management mechanism, promoting the construction of basic conditions, recruiting and introducing outstanding scientific research talents, and organizing academic exchanges and research project applications.

　　Under the framework of the Frontier Interdisciplinary Research Institute, each research unit, based on its own existing conditions and facing the development of science and technology and the needs of the country and society, organized multidisciplinary research forces to carry out research on frontier issues and tackle key problems in science and technology, won the support of various interdisciplinary research projects, and achieved some important research results.

　　 (Reporter Zhan Yuan)

CCTV News:Recently, there has been cooling and snowfall in many parts of the country, and children’s respiratory diseases are in the high season. What is the overall situation of pediatric medical resources in the national maternal and child health care system? What matters should be paid attention to in children’s home care? The National Health and Wellness Commission held a press conference on the 17th to respond to concerns about the prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases in winter.

According to reports, as children’s respiratory diseases enter a period of high incidence, the National Health and Health Commission has made overall plans to guide and promote maternal and child health care institutions at all levels to expand capacity and increase efficiency, and fully protect children’s medical needs: expand pediatric service resources, guide maternal and child health care institutions to strengthen personnel deployment, and meet children’s medical needs to the maximum extent; Optimize the spatial layout and treatment process, promote the pre-diagnosis inspection service, smooth the green channel for emergency treatment, and gradually realize the grading and stratification of children’s treatment; Promote the "internet plus" service, and reduce the pressure of offline medical treatment through online outpatient follow-up, online prescription, and logistics and delivery of drugs to the home.

At the present stage, China has strengthened children’s health guidance in combination with children’s health care services, continuously increased the popularization of popular science, and provided targeted technical guidance to kindergartens, primary and secondary schools and other institutions with a large number of children to prevent the occurrence of clustered diseases. In response to the problem of home care for children that parents are generally concerned about, industry insiders said that parents should choose to rest at home or seek medical treatment in time according to the changes of children’s condition, do not enter the park or attend classes with illness, and avoid taking antibacterial drugs for their children.

Lu Gen, Director of Respiratory Department of Guangzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Guangdong Province:Attention should be paid to the interaction of drugs. Do not take antipyretics and compound cold medicines containing antipyretic and analgesic at the same time. At the same time, avoid using Chinese patent medicines with the same function and overlapping components, which will increase the risk of adverse drug reactions. After children get sick, they should choose to rest at home or seek medical treatment in time according to their illness. It is not recommended to enter the park or attend classes, so as to avoid cross-infection.

Chang Zhaorui, a researcher at the Center for Disease Control and Prevention of China, said that Covid-19 infection in China is at a low epidemic level, and the BA.2.86 mutant and its subfamilies in Covid-19 account for a relatively low proportion. At present, the public health risk of this mutant in China is low. So far, no unknown new viruses and bacteria have been found in the pathogen monitoring of respiratory diseases in China.

　　Team 6 has discovered a super-large gold mine in Shuiwangzhuang mining area. Photo courtesy of Team Six

　　Old photos of the field work of team six. Photo courtesy of Team Six

　　Figure ①: The members of the Sixth Team are engaged in geological exploration in Tajikistan. Photo taken by Hao Yonggang ②: Six team members carry out mineral survey in Xinjiang. Photo courtesy of Team Six

　　On October 2, 2022, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader wrote back to all geologists of the Sixth Geological Brigade of Shandong Bureau of Geology and Minerals, and raised ardent expectations for them to carry forward their fine traditions and do a good job in mineral exploration, encouraging them to strive to write a new chapter in the "heroic geological team".

　　Take up your bags and go to the world, and walk all over the mountains before you see gold. Our reporter went to Weihai, Shandong Province, and approached the Sixth Geological Brigade, recording the exploration stories of the team members who waded through mountains and rivers, slept in the wind, and overcame difficulties and the extraordinary course of prospecting for the country, and felt the fine tradition of patriotic dedication, pioneering and innovative, and hard struggle … …

　　— — Editor

　　Shixian Li, an 86-year-old former deputy chief engineer of the Sixth Geological Brigade of Shandong Bureau of Geology and Minerals, opened a drawer and took out a People’s Daily dated October 5, 2022. He read it word by word. "I read the reply from the General Secretary again and again, and I was very excited and encouraged … …” Shixian Li said.

　　Since its establishment in 1958, it has completed drilling footage of more than 5 million meters, equivalent to the height of more than 600 Mount Everest. Accumulated proven gold resources are more than 2,810 tons, making it the geological team with the most gold prospecting in China; In 1992, he was awarded the honorary title of "Heroic Geological Team with Outstanding Achievements and Selfless Dedication" by the State Council … … Close the newspaper, Shixian Li talked about the glorious course of Team Six.

　　Searching for gold to serve the country and breaking the traditional prospecting model

　　■ The first super-large altered rock type gold deposit in China has been found.

　　Shandong Jiaodong Zhaoyuan, known as "Jincheng Tianfu", has a local folk song: "The golden mule goes, the mill turns, and all it grinds is Jin Doudou." Legend has it that it’s not easy to get "Jin Doudou", you have to open the mountain gate first. In 1958, a 94-member exploration team advanced to Zhaoyuan and took the first step in searching for gold for the country. This team is the predecessor of the Sixth Team.

　　In 1960, Shixian Li graduated from the Geology Department of Shandong University, and was assigned to the Sixth Team, just in time for the "General Prospecting War". During the day, the team members searched for clues, leveled alleys and dug shallow wells, and at night, they spread hay, paved the floor and made plans. Shixian Li made up his mind: We must dig up several "Jin Doudou" for our country!

　　At the beginning of the construction of the team, the members of the sixth team just circled in the gold-bearing quartz vein type gold mine. "At that time, by foreign experts ‘ The large fault zone only guides ore but does not store it ’ Because of the influence of the conclusion, we regard the great fault zone as a restricted area for prospecting, and have never ‘ Step beyond the line ’ 。” Shixian Li said.

　　Are there any other types of large gold deposits? On the coast of Bohai Sea and Laizhou Bay, there is a small island surrounded by water on three sides — — Sanshan island. Stepping on a foot thick snow and facing the biting cold wind, the six team members went to Sanshan Island; After sampling and testing, it is found that there is a new type of gold mine here — — Altered rock type gold deposit in fracture zone.

　　This is a great discovery! "For this discovery, the members of the six teams fought bravely, and even some members gave their precious lives." Shixian Li said.

　　In 1966, Zhang Yuzhi was appointed as the technical director of Sanshan Island regional census, when he had just undergone major lung surgery. Every morning, he waded through the water island to select points and take samples, and at dusk, he returned with his ore on his back … … The leader of the unit was afraid that his body could not stand it and wanted to transfer him back to the office, but Zhang Yuzhi chose to stick to it: "The country asked us to find gold. How can we find it when people are not in the wild?" At the last moment of his life, he put on hiking shoes and walked around the ward until he never stood up again.

　　On the basis of general survey and exploration, the mining exploration report compiled by Zhang Yuzhi passed the evaluation, and the first super-large altered rock type gold deposit in China was found! "This discovery has broken the traditional prospecting model." Shixian Li said, "Soon, we found a super-large Jiaojia gold mine in the middle of another fault zone; I touched Xincheng Gold Mine, Matang Gold Mine and Dongji Gold Mine. "

　　Finding the mine is only the first step. The team members feel that it is an urgent task to analyze and summarize the theory of new types of gold deposits and guide gold exploration. In 1971, the team set up a comprehensive geological research group, which was headed by Shixian Li. One day in 1976, in a small farmhouse, Shixian Li got together with his team members to discuss … …

　　"If the gold mine is found, you must first name it." Shixian Li said. "There are Carlin-type gold mines and Rand-type gold mines abroad. Why can’t we call them Jiaojia-type?" "You must put ‘ Broken zone ’ Crown, this is the main feature … …”

　　Everyone said a word to me, and finally determined the name of the mine. In 1977, at the Second National Gold Geology Conference, "Jiaojia-style altered rock gold deposit in fracture zone" was officially named and established. In 1985, the project achievement of Team Six, Discovery of Jiaojia New Type Gold Deposit and Its Outstanding Prospecting Effect, won the first National Science and Technology Progress Award.

　　Be brave in pioneering and March towards the depths of the earth.

　　■ "Five Golden Flowers" such as Sizhuang and Jiaojia bloom for the second time.

　　In the history of gold exploration, "five golden flowers" are famous far and near. This "golden flower" is not a woman, but a genuine "golden flower".

　　In 2003, Wang Qihong, the twelfth captain of the Sixth Team, took office. Before leaving, Wang Qihong, who was usually taciturn, uttered a few words: "Thank you to the Party Committee of the Bureau for giving me this burden. If there is a ladder to the sky, I can take this team to reach for the moon!"

　　"malicious words" have been released, but the problem is in front of us! In the past, prospecting was within 500 meters below the surface, but now the surface mines and shallow mines have basically been developed. What should we do next? Looking for minerals deep in the earth, this is the only way out!

　　With the support of the Provincial Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, the battle headquarters with Wang Qihong as the chief commander was established, and the technical backbone was selected to form a project team. In the first month of 2005, the sky was full of snow, and the drums of the "Sizhuang Battle" were drumming, and the six teams were ready to go, heading for the underground kilometer. Some people have questioned that it is impossible to form a large mine here because of its "thin ore body, low grade, small scale and deep burial". Wang Qihong insisted: "We must break through!"

　　Jiang Hongli, the technical director of the project, locked himself in the headquarters, repeatedly looked at the drawings, turned over the exploration and mining data and analyzed the deep structural changes. After repeated deliberation, he improved the construction scheme, and made two exploratory drilling holes in the most likely ore-seeing part.

　　A hole, a dozen is 2 months, thousands of meters. The first drill hit the gold as I wished; The second drill saw a good mine, and its grade and thickness were unexpected. In the end, 52 boreholes were drilled, with a penetration of more than 40,000 meters, and the proven resources of Sizhuang Gold Mine were 51.83 tons, with a potential economic value of more than 8 billion yuan. The first "Golden Flower" was born in Sizhuang, which is the first super-large deep gold mine in China.

　　Will there be a miracle in the deep part of Jiaojia in the north of Sizhuang? Wang Qihong decided to try. With the experience of Sizhuang and the technical scheme, Jiaojia’s deep exploration was "pleasantly surprised" at the beginning, but when drilling the fourth hole, something worrying happened: no mine was hit.

　　The headquarters froze up and down … … Wang Qihong called a meeting of technicians to organize discussions, and various technical means of geological and geophysical exploration went into battle. Everyone made a bold guess: this buried "golden flower" may be dumbbell-shaped.

　　Sure enough, when the drilling went to the eighth drill, we finally found the "dumbbell handle" in the depth of 1000 meters. At the moment when the core at the expected mine site was taken up, the young team member Bao Zhongyi rushed forward and excitedly brushed away the dust on the rock: Ming Jin Shanshan shines!

　　The test results made everyone jump for joy: the highest gold grade was 110.04g/ton. During the deep exploration in Jiaojia, the Sixth Team finally discovered 105 tons of gold resources, with a potential economic value of more than 20 billion yuan. Subsequently, Zhu Guo, Li Jia, Sha Ling, Qian Chen and other "three golden flowers" bloomed for the second time … …

　　Pass from generation to generation, follow the footsteps of our predecessors

　　■ Establish four provincial and ministerial innovation platforms and six high-level scientific and technological talent innovation teams.

　　Fan Jiameng, the "three generations of the earth", followed his grandfather and uncle to the mountains when he was a child, fiddling with compasses and waving hammers. Xiao Jiameng often thought, "When can I find treasures?" After graduating from college, Fan Jiameng joined the Sixth Team. Looking forward to it is beautiful, but it is really on the road to finding gold. He played a "retreat" … …

　　In 2012, Fan Jiameng was sent to Xinjiang for exploration. Trekked more than 3,000 kilometers and arrived at Lop Nur Town Transfer Station. "On that day, the temperature was MINUS 20 degrees Celsius, and we were at ‘ Diwozi ’ I stayed up all night. " Fan Jiameng said that that night, he stayed up all night looking at the leaking roof, the uneven ground and the floor covered with debris … …

　　Arriving at the project site the next day, Fan Jiameng stood on the Gobi Desert, listening to the wind, looking at the dust all over the sky, without a trace of green, and several empty iron houses trembled in the wind! Fan Jiameng’s mood is very low: "I want to pick a load!"

　　Once, his mother called him and said sadly, "Why don’t you tell the team to go back to Shandong and go out in the wild?" Unexpectedly, grandpa’s yelling came from the other end of the phone: "Do you think geological exploration is for fun? If you can’t eat this bitterness, don’t come to the sixth team! " Mother didn’t dare to speak any more, but after a few words of comfort, she hung up the phone … …

　　"At the beginning is blunt ‘ Hero Geological Team ’ Come, then retreat is not a joke? " Fan Jiameng calmed down and remembered his grandfather’s words: "Choosing geology means choosing to be with hardship and be at home in the world;" Choosing six teams is choosing responsibility. " Fan Jiameng stayed, and 10 months later they completed the exploration project of Lop Nur.

　　In order to pave the way for young scientific and technological talents to become talents, Team Six has established four provincial and ministerial innovation platforms and six high-level scientific and technological talents innovation teams. In the exploration battle of Shuiwangzhuang mining area, the youth geological project team was established in the team, and Fan Jiameng bravely took the lead and became the person in charge. Aiming at the problem that core sampling in the fractured zone is easy to damage the drill bit, their team invented and introduced innovative technologies such as "bending-proof drilling tool", "drag reduction inner pipe" and "hydraulic cutter".

　　Even with the new technology, the construction period is still urgent. They compare the progress of the project every day, find problems and think about countermeasures. One day, there was a heavy rain, and the office was blacked out, so candles could only be used for lighting; The candlelight jumped, reflecting the faces of several young people. When the statistics of the engineering quantity of the day were completed, it was sunny and sunny, and the stars were all over the sky. Eating instant noodles and looking at the starry sky, Fan Jiameng muttered, "I miss the steaming steamed buns of my mother."

　　After exploration, Shuiwangzhuang mining area has discovered a total of 186 tons of gold resources, which is the largest gold deposit discovered in Zhaoping fault zone so far. Zhaoping fault zone has thus become the third thousand-ton ore-controlling fault zone in China.

　　Go abroad and join in the construction of the "Belt and Road"

　　■ In Team Six, everyone is good.

　　In recent years, the Sixth Team has shouldered the mission entrusted by the state and helped the countries along the Belt and Road to achieve a breakthrough in prospecting. We’re leaving again! Before leaving, Zhang Peng’s wife always felt that she didn’t bring enough things, so she bought him new shoes, socks and water cups early. "I will go to Sudan next week, and it will be half a year before we meet again." Zhang Peng said.

　　In 2012, Zhang Peng followed the team to Tajikistan. The mining area is located in Pamirs, which is nearly 4000 meters above sea level. The first difficulty is to overcome altitude sickness. Oxygen is thin, Zhang Peng is always flustered and short of breath, nosebleeds flow intermittently, and his lips are cracked … …

　　The temperature in the plateau is low. Every October, the mountains are closed by heavy snow, and the draught has become a problem. You can only smash ice cubes and use the stove to make water. Cooking on the plateau, steamed bread is not ripe, bite sticky, eat a steamed bun even for the New Year. "Knock around with a hammer and take a bunch of samples back. The shoes and trousers are worn out and can only be mended by themselves." Zhang Peng recalled.

　　Loneliness is the most unbearable. "In a deserted place, it is a surprise to hear wolves barking!" Zhang Peng said that he was afraid of his family’s worries, and told his wife that his job was like a tour of the mountains and waters, which was a "pulse" for the earth. The wife complained, "Going abroad ‘ Take a pulse ’ , why so long? " Zhang Peng said, "This is a national event, and we must do our best." Finally, through core comparison, the team explored the prospecting idea of gently inclined ore bodies and completed the task ahead of schedule.

　　In 2021, Zhang Peng became the head of Sudan Project Department. Slowly, the wife understood that the husband’s job is to travel through mountains and rivers, not to travel around. "Only when the country is rich and strong, and the six teams are stable, our small family will be happy." The wife said.

　　"On Team Six, everyone is good." Ding Zhengjiang, the captain of the Sixth Team, said, "The road ahead is long, and we should carry forward ‘ Hero Geological Team ’ Fine traditions, and strive to explore big gold mines for the country. "

　　■ Reporter’s Notes

　　Adhering to the heart of serving the country by geology

　　Mount Everest, more than 8000 meters above sea level, is an unattainable height for many people. During the interview, a set of figures was shocking: "Since its establishment in 1958, the six teams have identified more than 2,810 tons of gold resources and completed drilling footage of more than 5 million meters, which is equivalent to drilling through more than 600 Mount Everest!"

　　This set of figures is the result of the blood and sweat of the six teams. In the early days of the founding of New China, the older generation of prospectors set foot on the road of searching for gold … … For the cause of the motherland, they neglected their families, paid precious youth, and some even gave their lives.

　　After more than 60 years of hurricane and rain, some of the first generation explorers of the Sixth Team have passed away, but the spirit of faith, concentration on prospecting for mines and sincere service to the country is still passed on. They are full of blood, pack up their bags, climb mountains and follow the footsteps of their predecessors … …

　　In the interview, the words of an old comrade impressed the reporter: "Gold is not full of red, but the heart of a child is full of red." Faith can move mountains. It’s a long way to find gold. I hope the Sixth Team will carry forward the past and carry forward the cause, uphold the spirit of serving the country by geology, and strive to write a new chapter of "Hero Geological Team" in the new round of breakthrough in prospecting.

　　BEIJING, Nov. 8 (Xinhua)-According to a comprehensive report, the 19-year-old son of an oil dealer in Padra, India, didn’t like studying, so he left home for nearly a month to prove his potential. When the police finally found him, they found the young man wandering around and working, and even sleeping on the street.

　　According to the report, this young man named Taka grew up with a golden spoon and is a student of Wassad Engineering College.

　　On October 14th, he left his hometown of Padra and said that he was going to school. However, Taka did not go to school, but went to Vadodara Railway Station, where he took the train to Delhi and lost contact with his family.

　　The picture was taken from The Times of India.

　　The family found that he had left his mobile phone at home, and there was no news for a long time, so he called the police. The police searched for Taka’s whereabouts according to the surveillance video, but never found his whereabouts.

　　The case seems hopeless, and the police almost want to give up looking for Taka.

　　On November 4th, local time, Taka decided to go to an upscale hotel in Simla to look for a job.

　　The manager of this hotel found that Taka’s face was immature and his clothes were not ordinary, so he doubted Taka’s identity and immediately called the police.

　　When the police found Taka, they found him sleeping on the street, then asked him to show his identity document and confirmed that he was Taka who had been missing for nearly a month, so they quickly informed Taka’s family to reunite with him.

　　When Taka’s family heard the news, they immediately came to Simla to reunite with Taka. Taka’s uncle Ketan said that now the whole family finally breathed a sigh of relief. "We have been having a hard time."

　　It is reported that Taka chose to run away from home because he didn’t like his school and didn’t like studying. He had been to Mumbai, Delhi and Sutela and worked everywhere to make a living. It is said that during Taka’s wandering, he worked as a dishwasher in a road restaurant and a clerk in a small shop.

　　Since July 4th, a new round of persistent heavy rainfall has been affecting the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River from the eastern part of southwest China, which has the characteristics of stable rain belt, long duration, large accumulated rainfall and high disaster risk.

　　The water level of the river is high, can it withstand this round of rainfall? How do large-scale water conservancy projects and reservoirs in the Yangtze River basin respond to the flood challenge? Adhere to the people first, life first, and implement the spirit of the important instructions of the Supreme Leader General Secretary on flood control and disaster relief work with practical actions. The China Meteorological Bureau comprehensively judged the flood control situation and launched a three-level emergency response. The Central Meteorological Observatory issued the first orange rainstorm warning this year at 18: 00 on the 7 th. Meteorological departments in areas affected by heavy rainfall such as Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Anhui, Shanghai and Zhejiang closely monitored the changes of rain, water and public opinion, strengthened the joint defense of up and down linkage, and effectively played the first line of defense for meteorological disaster prevention and mitigation.

　　Hubei: scientifically dispatching flood interception and peak clipping

　　Multiple rounds of rainstorm, multi-station water level exceeding the police, and long-term wandering of rain belt … Affected by heavy rainfall, the inflow of water in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, Wujiang River and the Three Gorges area increased significantly, and the inflow of the Three Gorges Reservoir rose rapidly. At 10: 00 on July 2, the inflow rose to 50,000 cubic meters per second, and the No.1 flood of the Yangtze River in 2020 was formed in the upper reaches.

　　On July 3rd, the Yangtze River Basin Meteorological Center held a tripartite federation chamber of commerce with the Three Gorges Cascade Dispatching Center and the Hydrology and Water Resources Survey Bureau in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. According to the consultation, considering flood control safety and navigation demand, the Yangtze River Water Conservancy Commission issued a dispatching order to temporarily reduce the outflow of the Three Gorges Reservoir to 30,000 cubic meters per second from 6: 00 on the 5th, and evacuate some ships stranded in the Three Gorges-Gezhouba section in time to ensure navigation safety. At 16: 00 on the 5th, the outflow of the Three Gorges Reservoir was restored to 35,000 cubic meters per second. At the same time, Xiluodu Hydropower Station, Xiangjiaba Reservoir and cascade reservoirs in the middle reaches of Jinsha River were dispatched to simultaneously increase the impoundment, moderately reduce the inflow of the Three Gorges, and jointly reduce the flood control pressure in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.

　　"Accurate rain and water regime forecasting provides a decision-making basis for the scientific operation of lakes and reservoirs in the Yangtze River basin." Tian Gang, deputy director of the hydrometeorological forecasting station of the Meteorological Center of the Yangtze River Basin, said that since the flood season, the precipitation in the Yangtze River Basin has been generally high, especially in the northern part of the middle and lower reaches. The falling area has a large swing from north to south, a wide range of heavy rainfall, high rainfall intensity and obvious local floods. By scientifically dispatching the Three Gorges Reservoir to intercept floods and cut peaks, the peak-cutting rate of the No.1 flood in 2020 is about 30%.

　　Plan ahead and take action. As early as April 7th, the Meteorological Center of the Yangtze River Basin made the conclusion of rainfall forecast in the Yangtze River Basin during the main flood season this year, further developed and applied grid forecasting products with high temporal and spatial resolution, and strengthened the consultation and judgment on the fluctuating capacity and flood control dispatching of the Three Gorges Reservoir, providing strong support for the Three Gorges Reservoir to complete the fluctuating task two days ahead of schedule and vacate the flood control storage capacity of 22.15 billion cubic meters. (Li Ao)

　　Hunan: defending against ground disasters by smelling the flood.

　　Floods in small and medium-sized rivers have risen, landslides and roads have been interrupted … On July 5 and 6, another round of heavy rain affected the northwest of Hunan Province, and there was heavy rainfall in Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture for 10 consecutive days since June 27. The meteorological department of Hunan Province tightened the responsibility of flood control, moved at the news of the flood season, made precise efforts, and launched a "tug-of-war" with the relevant flood control departments to fully defend against geological disasters.

　　Before the onset of this rainfall process, on July 3rd, Hunan Meteorological Bureau clearly pointed out in the Judgment of Important Weather that there will still be heavy rainfall in the northwest of Zhou Xiang in the future, with the strongest period from 5th to 8th, with local rainstorm to heavy rainstorm. On July 4th, Hunan Meteorological Bureau participated in the video conference on flood control in the whole province at 10: 00, and started the four-level emergency response of meteorological disasters (rainstorm) in the northwest of Hunan at 11: 00 that day. From 3 rd to 6 th, the Provincial Meteorological Bureau and the Provincial Department of Natural Resources jointly issued a multi-phase meteorological risk warning for geological disasters.

　　On the 5th, there was a torrential rain in the northwest of Hunan, and the Dongting Lake was over-alerted, with 16 rivers in the province exceeding the alert and five large and medium-sized reservoirs in the north of central Hunan exceeding the flood season limit. In the face of intense flood, at 9: 00 on the 5th, the Provincial Meteorological Bureau upgraded the four-level emergency response to meteorological disasters (rainstorm) in northwest Hunan to three-level. That night, heavy precipitation hit again, and the Xiangxi Meteorological Observatory was brightly lit. After several sleepless nights, the forecaster still dared not relax and issued the forecast and warning in time. After receiving the early warning signal issued by the meteorological department, the flood control departments such as emergency management and water conservancy organized a comprehensive inspection of reservoirs, rivers and hidden dangers of geological disasters for the first time.

　　At 2: 21 on the 6th, Li Chengxiang, secretary of the bucket car community in Shipai Town, Longshan County, received a heavy precipitation monitoring alarm issued by the county meteorological bureau. He became more alert. Together with Huang Guanghua, an old party member in the village, he carried out a new round of inspections on the hidden dangers of geological disasters in the community in the rain, and successfully transferred Xia Zhen, a 70-year-old man living near the hidden dangers of geological disasters, to a safe place. (Yao Liu Zhu Guoguang Deng Kai Rodin)

　　Jiangxi: Safe Transfer of Targeted Early Warning

　　At 2 o’clock on July 6, the water level of Hukou Hydrological Station in Jiangxi Province rose to the warning water level of 19.5 meters, reaching the flood numbering standard, and the No.1 flood in Poyang Lake in 2020 was formed. This also means that the Jiangxi section of the Yangtze River and Poyang Lake have entered a critical period of flood control. At the same time, Jiangxi Meteorological Bureau launched a four-level emergency response to major meteorological disasters (rainstorm).

　　As this round of heavy rainfall coincided with the college entrance examination, the Provincial Meteorological Bureau timely submitted information to the provincial party committee, the provincial government and relevant departments to remind them to continue to strengthen the prevention of geological disasters such as floods and mountain torrents in small and medium-sized rivers, and be alert to the flood development in Jiujiang section of the Yangtze River and Poyang Lake. Hydropower stations and Shantang Reservoir need to strengthen flood control safety dispatching management to cope with strong convective weather such as heavy rain, lightning and strong winds.

　　From 3rd to 4th, the Provincial Meteorological Bureau launched the whole network release mechanism of red warning twice, and released the red warning information of rainstorm to mobile phone users in Dexing City and leping city City respectively, and made a good job of mass transfer in advance.

　　From 8: 00 on the 3rd to 8: 00 on the 4th, heavy rain occurred in three towns and villages in duchang county, Jiujiang City, and the rainfall in Zhouxi Town reached 157.3mm.. At 20 o’clock, mountain torrents began to pour into the home of villager Cao Xiaoping. In less than an hour, the water in his home reached his waist. Fortunately, village cadres such as Wu Xingxing, the mayor of Zhouxi Town, helped Cao Xiaoping’s family to move to the village health center in advance after receiving the rainstorm warning issued by the county meteorological bureau.

　　In yiyang county, Shangrao City, from 20: 00 on the 2nd to 20: 00 on the 5th, the average precipitation in the county was 118mm, and the precipitation in 14 meteorological monitoring stations exceeded 100mm. "Dang … Dang …" At 1 o’clock on the 4th, a burst of rapid gong sounded in Xili Village, Wanli Township, yiyang county. This is the village cadres who are organizing mass transfer after receiving the rainstorm warning message from the meteorological department. In less than two hours, the village transferred 42 people from 18 households in areas prone to geological disasters on both sides of the river. "Thanks to the timely reminder of the weather warning, we can evacuate safely." Li Houcai, a villager, looked at the old house washed away by rain and had a lingering fear. (Deng Minjia Sheng Zhijun Li Zhibo Huang Lan Huang Ying)

　　Anhui: Emergency linkage is ready.

　　At 10: 00 on July 7, the water levels of Huikou, Datong, Wuhu and Maanshan stations in the main stream of the Yangtze River in Anhui Province all exceeded the warning water level, and the tributary lakes along the Yangtze River exceeded the warning water level in an all-round way and the guaranteed water level in some sections.

　　In the face of a new round of heavy rainfall, at 11: 00 on the 5th, the emergency response of rainstorm of Anhui Meteorological Bureau was upgraded from level 3 to level 2, which further strengthened the organization and leadership, consultation and judgment, and strengthened the monitoring, forecasting and early warning services of heavy rain, short-term heavy precipitation, thunderstorms, strong winds and other strong convective weather. The Provincial Meteorological Observatory has issued yellow rainstorm warnings for many times, and pointed out that there was continuous heavy rainfall in southern Anhui before the 10th, which has the characteristics of high overlap between the heavy rainfall area and the previous period, large accumulated rainfall, strong precipitation intensity, etc. Dabie Mountain area and southern Anhui mountainous area should focus on preventing geological disasters of mountain torrents. Hefei, Tongling, Xuancheng and other 10 cities and 27 counties have also started flood control level 3 or level 4 emergency response.

　　In the past few days, the Provincial Meteorological Bureau has strengthened emergency linkage services, jointly issued geological disaster warnings with the Provincial Department of Natural Resources, issued flash flood warnings with the Provincial Department of Water Resources, jointly issued urban waterlogging warnings with the Provincial Department of Housing and Construction, and started encrypted consultations, sending three meteorological service supervision teams in flood season to inspect and guide cities (counties) that are greatly affected by heavy rainfall, and to supervise key cities. According to the meteorological forecast and early warning, the Office of the Provincial Disaster Reduction and Relief Committee launched a four-level emergency response to disaster relief at 18: 00 on the 3rd, and sent two working groups to the disaster-stricken areas to investigate the nuclear disaster. 296 working groups from all over the country have been sent to the front line to do a good job in resettlement, emergency rescue and other work.

　　While doing a good job in meteorological services for flood control, the Provincial Meteorological Bureau organized a weather news briefing for the college entrance examination to further strengthen meteorological services for the college entrance examination through new media channels such as Weibo and WeChat.

　　It is reported that the actual rainfall is basically consistent with the forecast. Affected by this, as of 16: 00 on the 6 th, there are more than ten rivers along the Yangtze River in the province that have exceeded the warning water level, and some reservoirs have risen in water level, and flood discharge is being carried out according to regulations (Wu Ran, Wang Bing)

　　Shanghai: Seamless Docking to Protect the City’s Peace

　　Affected by the Meiyu belt, as of 11: 00 on July 6, the average water level of Taihu Lake rose to 4.06 meters, exceeding the warning level of 0.26 meters.

　　Predicting the flood situation in Taihu Lake basin, Shanghai Meteorological Bureau launched a four-level emergency response to heavy rain on the 4th. On the 5th, the Municipal Meteorological Bureau upgraded to the third-level emergency response, and the Shanghai Central Meteorological Observatory (Taihu Lake Basin Meteorological Center) upgraded to the second-level emergency response. It provided the Taihu Lake Basin Flood Control and Drought Relief Headquarters (hereinafter referred to as Taihu Lake Flood Control Headquarters) with 3-7 days’ surface rainfall forecast every day to fully guarantee the flood control and flood fighting in Taihu Lake and megacities.

　　At present, the Taihu Lake Defense General has launched a three-level emergency response to flood control, and paid close attention to the weather development trends such as plum rain and strong convection, and made decision support for flood control and flood fighting.

　　In terms of flood control and flood fighting services in megacities, the Shanghai Central Meteorological Observatory (Taihu Basin Meteorological Center) has continuously issued the Special Report for Leaders of Important Meteorological Information City, reminding relevant departments in areas affected by Meiyu Belt to prepare for flood control and flood fighting, and informing the Municipal Flood Control Command Office of the rain situation and precipitation trend information through the "Flood Control Through Train" WeChat group. Shanghai Meteorological Service Center also continuously releases the latest meiyu trends and popular science information to the public through platforms such as Weibo, WeChat and Tik Tok, reminding the public to adjust their travel plans in time to prevent thunderstorms and windy weather.

　　It is worth mentioning that in order to cope with this round of heavy rainfall, the "Meteorological Plug-in 1.0" for urban fine management built by the Municipal Meteorological Bureau has been officially put into service, seamlessly connecting with the important command platforms such as the flood control and typhoon prevention command system of the Municipal Flood Control Office, the emergency command integrated platform of the Municipal Emergency Management Bureau, the command system of the Municipal Public Security Bureau, the theme library of the Municipal Operation Management Center, the duty platform of the municipal government’s general duty room and the "data cockpit" of the municipal big data center. Continue to provide real-time data support for megacities to defend against severe convective weather, provide a variety of meteorological products and map information services for relevant departments of urban operation, actively play the role of "+meteorology", and empower Shanghai’s urban operation to be "one network management". (Zhu Xi Amber Chia)

　　Zhejiang: Xin ‘anjiang Reservoir opens floodgates for flood discharge.

　　At 10 o’clock on July 7, affected by the continuous heavy rainfall since entering Mei, the water level of Xin ‘anjiang Reservoir reached 107.24 meters, which exceeded the flood limit of 0.74 meters. This is the seventh flood discharge of the reservoir in 61 years. Jiande city Meteorological Bureau of Zhejiang Province stepped up inspection and reinforcement of meteorological monitoring facilities along the Yangtze River, formulated meteorological service plans for flood discharge of Xin ‘anjiang Reservoir, released special service materials for flood discharge of the reservoir every day, and focused on strengthening the monitoring of rain and flood conditions in heavy rainfall catchments in the upper reaches of Xin ‘anjiang River and other places.

The picture shows the staff of jiande city Meteorological Bureau inspecting and strengthening the automatic meteorological monitoring facilities along Xin ‘anjiang River. Figure/Wen Wu Meng

(Source: China Meteorological News, July 8, 2020 Editor: Zhang Lin)

Beijing Medical Insurance Fa [2024] No.3

Relevant district governments, Beijing Economic and Technological Development Zone, relevant departments of the municipal government, relevant medical and health institutions, and relevant drug marketing license holders:

　　In order to solve the practical difficulties encountered in the implementation of the long prescription policy and better meet the drug demand of patients with chronic diseases, the Beijing Municipal Medical and Social Security Bureau and other three departments jointly formulated the "Several Measures on Effectively Promoting the Implementation of the Long Prescription Policy for Chronic Diseases in Outpatients", which are hereby printed and distributed to you, please implement it.

　　I hereby inform you.

Beijing Municipal Medical Security Bureau　　　　

Beijing Municipal Health and Wellness Committee　　　　

Beijing Drug Administration　　　　

February 22, 2024　　

Some measures to promote the implementation of long prescription policy for chronic diseases in outpatient department

　　Implementing the long prescription policy for outpatient chronic diseases is a concrete measure of Beijing’s important livelihood project in 2024, and it is also an important practice to carry out the party’s mass line education in depth. In order to further intensify efforts to solve the practical difficulties in the implementation of the outpatient long-term prescription policy, better meet the long-term drug demand of patients with chronic diseases, actively guide graded diagnosis and treatment, effectively promote the outpatient long-term prescription policy for chronic diseases, and enhance the people’s sense of acquisition and satisfaction, the following measures are formulated.

　　First, strengthen the management of drug allocation

　　1. Find drugs with insufficient equipment and fill the shortcomings of the community. Determine the range of chronic diseases suitable for long prescriptions, compare the varieties and specifications of commonly used drugs for chronic diseases in tertiary medical institutions, find out the drugs that are under-equipped in community health service institutions, and make corresponding drug purchases and reserves. Various varieties and specifications of commonly used drugs for chronic diseases are included in the unified medical insurance information platform recruitment subsystem, and medical institutions at all levels can purchase on demand. (Responsible units: Municipal Health and Wellness Commission, Municipal Medical Insurance Bureau)

　　2. Do a good job in drug inventory planning and improve drug registration. Medical institutions scientifically plan drug stocks according to the varieties and specifications of commonly used chronic diseases drugs. Community health service institutions give full play to the role of drug registration system for people’s needs, and do a good job in drug registration and timely purchase and distribution of drugs that patients with chronic diseases need but have not yet equipped. (Responsible unit: Municipal Health and Wellness Commission)

　　3. Adjust drug packaging specifications to meet clinical needs. In view of the problem that some drug packaging specifications do not meet the clinical needs and affect the formulation of long prescriptions, the holders of drug marketing licenses in this city are encouraged to change the packaging specifications of chronic drugs to multiples of 7 days’ consumption, and provide guidance and services to the holders for annual reports or filing, so as to solve the situation that drug packaging specifications do not meet the actual clinical needs from the drug production link. (Responsible unit: Municipal Food and Drug Administration)

　　Second, improve the diagnosis and treatment services and reimbursement policies.

　　4. Strengthen the connection of drug use regulations and continue prescription services. We will promote the consistency of the availability of drugs for chronic diseases between tertiary medical institutions and community health service institutions, and effectively meet the needs of residents for personalized drugs to treat hypertension and diabetes. Strengthen the connection of medication for patients with chronic diseases in the medical association, and provide prescription continuation service on the premise of ensuring medication safety. (Responsible unit: Municipal Health and Wellness Commission)

　　5. Accelerate online diagnosis and treatment and extend distribution services. In view of the fact that patients with chronic diseases are mainly elderly patients, and there may be mobility difficulties, we will speed up the opening of online diagnosis and treatment and mobile payment for medical insurance in medical institutions, and encourage medical institutions to provide "one-stop" distribution services for insured people without leaving home and delivering medicines to their homes. (Responsible unit: Municipal Health and Wellness Commission, Municipal Medical Insurance Bureau)

　　6. Study and adjust the reimbursement policy to encourage community visits. Insured people in the community health service institutions to take medicine, study and adjust some drug reimbursement policies, cancel the proportion of 10% individual first burden. (Responsible units: Municipal Medical Insurance Bureau and Municipal Finance Bureau)

　　Third, optimize the signing service of family doctors

　　7. Cancel the restriction of first-visit referral and promote the signing of family doctors. If the elderly and working-age residents who participate in the basic medical insurance for urban and rural residents sign a service agreement with their family doctors in this Municipality, the restrictions on first-visit referral will be cancelled, and they can go directly to the designated medical institutions I selected and the designated medical institutions of Chinese medicine, specialties and Class A for outpatient treatment, and the outpatient medical expenses incurred will be paid by the residents’ medical insurance fund; If the service agreement of family doctors in this city is not signed, the original first-visit referral policy will still be implemented. (Responsible unit: Municipal Medical Insurance Bureau)

　　8. Do a good job in health monitoring of key populations and improve family medical services. Make full use of information technology, do a good job in health monitoring of key groups such as hypertensive patients after family doctors sign contracts, really play the role of family doctors signing contracts, and promote effective health management. Through telephone contact, WeChat group education, outpatient follow-up, etc., we will do a good job in guiding family doctors to use chronic diseases for key populations. (Responsible unit: Municipal Health and Wellness Commission)

　　Fourth, strengthen the construction of information systems

　　9. Improve the function of information system and strengthen the sharing of diagnosis and treatment information. Further accelerate the informatization construction, promote the information sharing among medical institutions at all levels, and support the push of information data of patients with hypertension and diabetes diagnosed by secondary and tertiary medical institutions to their health files or community health service institutions where family doctors are contracted, so as to provide continuous health management services for patients. (Responsible unit: Municipal Health and Wellness Commission)

　　10. Transform HIS system and remove unreasonable drug use restrictions. Medical institutions constantly optimize the doctor workstation and outpatient prescription management system, and do a good job in outpatient prescription service in combination with relevant industry regulations and patient needs. Guide medical institutions to reform HIS system, lift the limitation on the time of prescribing drugs for patients with chronic diseases, and carry out operation training. (Responsible unit: Municipal Health and Wellness Commission)

　　Five, improve the evaluation and incentive mechanism

　　11. Optimize the evaluation indicators to avoid negative guidance. Constantly optimize and improve the performance evaluation indicators of the linkage of the three hospitals and the evaluation indicators of community health service institutions. The evaluation of outpatient average cost and outpatient average drug cost should eliminate the influence of drug costs caused by long prescriptions, avoid the negative guidance of evaluation indicators, and promote the implementation of long-term prescriptions. (Responsible units: Municipal Health and Wellness Commission, Municipal Medical Insurance Bureau)

　　12. Deepen the reform of payment methods and try to pay by head. Select some close medical associations to try out the outpatient service of diabetes and hypertension, and promote the change from "treatment-centered" to "health-centered" to promote the whole life cycle health management. (Responsible unit: Municipal Medical Insurance Bureau)

　　13. Establish an incentive and restraint mechanism and associate with year-end liquidation. The long prescription assessment score will be included in the quality evaluation index of the total budget management of medical insurance fund (BJ-GBI), and it will be related to the year-end liquidation, so as to reasonably compensate the medical service fee losses caused by the implementation of the long prescription policy in medical institutions (including Internet diagnosis and treatment) and community health service institutions. (Responsible unit: Municipal Medical Insurance Bureau)

　　Six, strengthen monitoring and analysis and publicity and guidance.

　　14. Strengthen data monitoring and analysis and establish a monthly notification system. Establish a monthly notification system to inform the city of the implementation of long prescriptions of medical institutions. Each unit combines their respective responsibilities and tasks, scientifically and continuously carries out monitoring and analysis, and quantifies data to reflect the quality and efficiency of work implementation. (Responsible units: Municipal Medical Insurance Bureau, Municipal Health and Wellness Commission, Municipal Food and Drug Administration)

　　15. Strengthen policy propaganda and guide public opinion. All units, in combination with their own responsibilities, do a good job in policy propaganda and interpretation in multiple ways to improve policy awareness; Strengthen communication with health service institutions, collect and solve practical problems encountered by health service institutions in the process of implementing the long prescription policy in a timely manner through on-the-spot investigation and on-site guidance; Strengthen public opinion monitoring, do a good job in guiding public opinion, and avoid the influence of misunderstanding policies on long prescription. (Responsible units: Municipal Health and Wellness Commission, Municipal Medical Insurance Bureau, Municipal Food and Drug Administration, Municipal Economic and Information Bureau)

　　Attachment: List of key tasks of several measures to effectively promote the long-term prescription policy for chronic diseases in outpatient department.

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Meituan’s lawyer’s letter of living expenses is a legal document issued by Meituan’s financial department for users and law firms with outstanding loans. This is usually a formal warning to remind users that they have failed to fulfill the agreed obligations in the loan contract and urge them to repay as soon as possible. It usually comes from the legal means that users will take further when they are in arrears for a long time or have failed to collect for many times. After receiving the lawyer’s letter, the user may face further legal investigation, which needs to be taken seriously and dealt with in time.

After receiving the letter from the lawyer of Meituan’s living expenses, users need to realize that this is not just an ordinary collection, but a prelude to possible legal procedures. If the outstanding loan is ignored or continued, the collector may apply to the court for prosecution. After the court ruling, users may face enforcement measures, such as freezing bank accounts, inquiring about property status or even losing the right to dispose of some property or assets under their names. If the user is included in the list of people who have broken their trust, it may also affect normal life and credit activities, such as restricting high consumption, restricting the application for loans or credit cards. In order to avoid these consequences, measures should be taken in time after receiving the lawyer’s letter.

After receiving the letter from the living expenses lawyer of Meituan, it is necessary to confirm the authenticity of the letter. Usually, a formal lawyer’s letter will clearly indicate the name, address and contact information of the law firm, with the lawyer’s signature or firm seal attached. Users can verify the source of the letter by official website of the law firm or calling the public telephone. The customer service channel of Meituan’s living expenses is also an important way to confirm. You can directly call the customer service of Meituan Financial Platform for verification. Don’t call the strange private number in the letter at will, and beware of fraudsters committing fraud in the name of lawyer’s letter.

When you receive the letter from the lawyer of the US Mission’s living expenses, don’t panic or ignore it. Contact the official customer service department of Meituan at the first time to find out the unpaid amount, interest accumulation and specific situation, and confirm the authenticity of the letter. If it is true that the overdue payment is overdue, you should try to negotiate with the US delegation-explain your financial difficulties and strive for a plan of deferred repayment or installment repayment. You can also consult a lawyer to confirm whether you have any legal rights to claim. If you are unable to repay the debt, you can consider signing a written repayment agreement with the platform, and don’t delay the handling at will, otherwise it will have more serious legal consequences.

Receiving a letter from a lawyer of the US Mission’s living expenses does not mean that it will definitely face legal proceedings immediately. The lawyer’s letter is more of a warning to the borrower, urging the other party to fulfill its contractual obligations as soon as possible. Whether it will be prosecuted or not depends on the user’s subsequent reaction and attitude towards the letter. If the user pays off quickly after receiving the lawyer’s letter or reaches a repayment agreement with Meituan, it is usually less likely to sue; On the contrary, if users continue to default or fail to respond, they are more likely to be sued. Users should actively respond to lawyers’ letters and try to reach a settlement with Meituan before litigation.

The overdue Meituan living expenses loan has already had an impact on the user’s credit record. If the user fails to repay the loan on time, the default record will be reported to the central bank’s credit information system, which will seriously affect personal credit information. The receipt of a lawyer’s letter shows that the overdue situation has become more serious and the credit risk of users has already appeared. After being sued, once the court decides that the borrower needs to perform the contract and refuses to perform it, it may be included in the list of people who have lost their trust (commonly known as "Lao Lai"), which greatly lowers the personal credit score. After receiving the lawyer’s letter, we should try our best to solve the problem through consultation to avoid credit stain.

Generally, the lawyer’s letter of the US Mission’s living expenses will explain the specific amount that the user needs to repay, including principal, interest, late fees, attorney fees and other related expenses. These fees are calculated according to the terms of the loan contract or the platform agreement, and users need to check them item by item. For example, the late payment fee is the penalty fee due to overdue, while the lawyer’s fee is the cost incurred by the platform to hire a law firm to send letters and subsequent possible lawsuits. Some interest may be calculated on a daily basis, which also requires users’ special attention. If you are in doubt about the details of the fee, you should contact the relevant departments as soon as possible to verify.

The core of preventing receiving the letter from the lawyer of the US Mission’s living expenses is to fulfill the repayment obligation on time. Users need to evaluate their repayment ability and plan the loan amount and term reasonably before borrowing. In the process of repayment, we should pay attention to the monthly repayment time and try to prepare repayment funds in advance. In case of sudden financial difficulties, you should contact Meituan’s living expenses customer service in time, explain the situation and apply for deferred repayment or adjust the repayment plan. Reminders can be set, such as mobile phone calendar reminder or binding automatic deduction, to ensure that the repayment time limit is not missed due to negligence, and to fundamentally avoid receiving a lawyer’s letter.

　　Whether to eat rice or noodles is always a controversial topic. Let’s divide into several questions and take a quick look.

　　Question 1

　　Compared with the staple food made of white flour, which one has higher calories?

　　As far as the calorie of food is concerned, it is not what food is made of, but what it is made of, how much water it contains, how much dry food it has, and whether it is added with oil and sugar. The reason why pasta is generally higher in calories is because of the above two reasons.

　　A lot of pasta needs oil, even both oil and sugar. Most of those foods with stuffing have fat and thin meat stuffing and enough fat. Therefore, compared with rice, these pasta dishes have higher calories, which is understandable.

　　Those pasta without oil and sugar depend on the moisture content. The moisture content of ordinary white rice is usually between 62% and 65%. Except for soft noodles, pasta will probably be lower than this value. For example, the moisture content of steamed bread is about 45%-50%, and the staple bread is even lower, only about 40%. As for dry staple foods such as naan, steamed buns and dry pancakes, the moisture content is even lower.

　　Because the water content is low, eating a little more will increase the calories. Comparatively speaking, rice has more water content, less dry goods and lower calories. If you cook porridge again, it will contain more water and have lower calories in each bite.

　　Therefore, compared with the same dishes, when eating rice or porridge, the quantity is better controlled, and the risk of excessive calories is slightly smaller.

　　Question 2

　　Compared with the staple food made of white rice and white flour, which one has higher blood sugar response?

　　In terms of blood sugar reaction, white rice and white flour food are generally high, depending on the cooking method.

　　Compared with white steamed bread and white bread, the glycemic index (GI) of rice is slightly lower, but not much lower. White steamed bread and white bread are 88, and white rice is 83. Whole wheat steamed bread and whole wheat bread will raise blood sugar more slowly.

　　For those pasta with added fat, although the digestion speed is slow and the blood sugar rises later and lower after a meal, the food with high fat has an adverse effect on the insulin sensitivity of the next meal. Therefore, it is not a good choice for people who need to control blood sugar, and it is not a good choice for people who need to lose weight.

　　Among pasta, pasta and macaroni have the lowest blood sugar reaction, and ordinary dried noodles are lower than steamed bread. Generally speaking, the higher the content of protein in flour for noodle making, the more chewy the cooked taste, and the lower the postprandial blood glucose response.

　　Similarly, rice also has different processing accuracy and processing methods. If you eat germ rice, rice with some brown rice, etc., then under the premise of the same cooking method, the GI value is lower than that of polished white rice. There are also some boxed ready-to-eat rice processed in advance, and the GI value is lower than that of freshly cooked rice at that time.

　　Of course, the GI value of these rice is lower than that of steamed bread and bread. Therefore, from the perspective of blood sugar stability, ordinary rice has a slight advantage.

　　Question 3

　　Is there any rice food with a higher blood sugar response than white rice?

　　Among white rice foods, there are indeed some foods with higher blood sugar response than bread and steamed bread, that is, white rice porridge and glutinous rice food.

　　White rice porridge cooked with refined white rice is very easy to digest because it is boiled to powder, so its blood sugar response is higher than that of white rice.

　　However, these foods are similar to rice. Although the blood sugar peak is steep, it is not easy to cause hypoglycemia. What is more powerful is glutinous rice food. After eating them, not only did their blood sugar rise sharply, but according to the same amount of carbon and water, their postprandial blood sugar was easy to drop below the normal level.

　　So, what if you add oil to glutinous rice food? Blood sugar will rise a little later, but the peak of blood sugar in the later period is big and lasts for a long time. Of course, this kind of food is added with fat and has more calories than white rice, which is not suitable for people who need to lose weight.

　　Therefore, for unhealthy people who have already suffered from cardiovascular diseases or diabetes, glutinous rice foods such as fried cakes, glutinous rice balls and zongzi, as well as refined white rice foods such as rice rolls and preserved egg porridge, need to be controlled even more, because their GI values are really too high, even higher than ordinary white rice.

　　Therefore, from the perspective of controlling blood sugar, glutinous rice food is the worst, worse than white bread and steamed bread.

　　Question 4

　　How to match rice food and pasta with whole grains?

　　Rice can be incorporated into countless kinds of whole grains and legumes to make miscellaneous grains rice. Half white rice and half other miscellaneous grains (most of which need to be soaked in advance) actually taste very fragrant. It is also very simple and convenient to add some diced sweet potatoes, Chinese yam slices and taro seeds when steaming rice.

　　Flour can also be added with about 20% of miscellaneous grains powder to make steamed bread, cakes, pancakes, bread and so on. However, when the addition amount exceeds 20%, the taste of pasta will become worse because gluten is seriously diluted. A small amount of mixed bean powder can be added to the noodles, which makes the taste smoother. You can also add oat flour, buckwheat flour, corn flour, etc., but the toughness of the noodles is reduced, and the cooking method is different. Home-made technology is difficult, and the overall popularity is not high.

　　Therefore, from the convenience of adding whole-grain miscellaneous beans and potatoes, rice has a slight advantage.

　　Question 5

　　Are there enough dishes to accompany the staple food?

　　Although the postprandial blood sugar response of white rice is higher than that of noodles, jiaozi and Melaleuca Cake, many people find that eating rice has better blood sugar control effect than eating these pasta, and it is also less likely to gain weight. Why is this?

　　To a large extent, this is because of different eating methods and different contents.

　　In addition to the low nutritional value of white rice, there are advantages in food collocation when eating rice. We seldom just eat a bowl of rice, but we have meat, fish, eggs, bean products, and vegetables, and usually there are more dishes than rice. This makes it easier to obtain relatively balanced nutrition.

　　When eating noodles, there is a big bowl of noodles, and there are only a few dishes and marinades. Therefore, from the perspective of fully cooperating with various dishes, rice is still slightly dominant.

　　Question 6

　　Which vitamin is more, rice or pasta? Which is safer?

　　Comparing rice with white flour one-to-one, protein and B vitamins in white flour are slightly higher. However, the disadvantages of rice are not so obvious after matching dishes. Rice with a large number of dishes, compared with noodles and cakes with few dishes, nutrition will win.

　　From the safety point of view, rice food rarely has allergic problems, while some people eat flour with the risk of "chronic gluten allergy". For these allergic people, wheat gluten will damage the intestinal mucosal barrier, which may lead to chronic allergies to other foods. Severe wheat gluten allergy may even lead to "celiac disease". Such patients can lead a normal life only if they are completely away from all foods containing flour.

　　Generally speaking, rice food and pasta have their own advantages and disadvantages. Whether it is white rice or white flour food, eating more is not conducive to preventing diabetes and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, nor to losing weight. Appropriate inclusion of whole grains is a better choice. For people who need to lose weight and prevent chronic diseases, reducing the oil and salt in the staple food, including some whole-grain miscellaneous beans and more vegetarian dishes are the key points to eat the staple food healthily.

　　Text/Fan Zhihong (director of China Nutrition Society, chief expert of science communication hired by China Association for Science and Technology)

　　Huawei Pura 70 Pioneer Program officially opened today!

　　Nowadays, the brand of P series has been upgraded to Pura series, and the first Pura 70 series of Huanxin combines the peak image, aesthetic design and original style, adopts the exclusive triangular "wind vane" design, supports ultra-high-speed flash shooting, and is known as the pioneer leading the flagship of image aesthetics.

　　Huawei Pura 70 series has four models, namely Pura 70, Pura 70 Pro, Pura 70 Pro+ and Pura 70 Ultra.

　　Let’s take a look at the differences between the basic configurations of the four models:

　　Pura 70

　　Three configurations: 5499 yuan for 12+256 edition, 5999 yuan for 12+512 edition and 6999 yuan for 12+1T edition.

　　Four colors: feather sand black, cherry rose red, snowy white and ice crystal blue.

　　6.6-inch screen, resolution 2760 x 1256, 2nd generation Kunlun glass.

　　Body size: 157.6mm (length) ×74.3mm (width) ×7.95mm (thickness), and the weight is about 207 grams.

　　Rear three shots: 50-megapixel super spotlight camera (F1.4~F4.0 aperture, OIS optical image stabilization)+13-megapixel super wide-angle camera (F2.2 aperture)+12-megapixel periscope telephoto camera.

　　4900mAh battery, 66W wired fast charging, 50W wireless fast charging and 7.5W wireless reverse charging.

　　Pura 70 Pro

　　Three configurations: 12+256 version 6499 yuan, 12+512 version 6999 yuan, 12+1T version 7999 yuan.

　　Three colors: feather sand black, snowy white and Roland purple.

　　6.8-inch screen with resolution of 2844×1260, second-generation Kunlun glass.

　　Body size: 162.6mm (length) ×75.1mm (width) ×8.4mm (thickness), and the weight is about 220g.

　　Rear three shots: 50-megapixel super-focusing camera (F1.4~F4.0 aperture, OIS optical image stabilization)+12.5-megapixel super-wide-angle camera (F2.2 aperture)+48-megapixel super-focusing macro telephoto camera (F2.1 aperture, OIS optical image stabilization)

　　5050mAh battery, 100W wired fast charging, 80W wireless fast charging and 20W wireless reverse charging.

　　Pura 70 Pro+

　　Two configurations: 7999 yuan for 16+512 version and 8999 yuan for 16+1T version.

　　Three colors: Phantom Black, Woven Silver and String White.

　　6.8-inch screen, resolution of 2844×1260, Xuanwu toughened Kunlun glass.

　　Body size: 162.6mm (length) x 75.1mm (width) x ×8.4mm (thickness), and the weight is about 220 grams.

　　Rear three shots: 50-megapixel super-focusing camera (F1.4~F4.0 aperture, OIS optical image stabilization)+12.5-megapixel super-wide-angle camera (F2.2 aperture)+48-megapixel super-focusing macro telephoto camera (F2.1 aperture, OIS optical image stabilization)

　　5050mAh battery, 100W wired fast charging, 80W wireless fast charging and 20W wireless reverse charging.

　　Pura 70 Ultra

　　Two configurations: 9999 yuan for 16+512 version and 10999 yuan for 16+1T version.

　　Four color schemes: Star Mountain Black, Star Mountain White, mocha brown and chansons Green.

　　6.8-inch screen, resolution of 2844×1260, Xuanwu toughened Kunlun glass.

　　Body size: 162.6mm (length) *75.1mm (width) *8.4mm (thickness), weighing about 226 grams.

　　Rear three shots: 50-megapixel super-spotlight telescopic camera (1 inch, F1.6~F4.0 aperture, sensor displacement anti-shake)+40-megapixel super-wide-angle camera (F2.2 aperture)+50-megapixel super-spotlight macro telephoto camera (F2.1 aperture, OIS optical anti-shake).

　　5200mAh battery, 100W wired fast charging, 80W wireless fast charging and 20W wireless reverse charging.