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Google’s strongest AI model, which has attracted much attention and is considered by the industry to be the most likely to beat GPT-4, has finally appeared!

On December 6th, US Western Time, Google CEO Sundar Pichai and DeepMind Director Demis Hassabis jointly announced the official launch of Gemini 1.0 in official website.

Gemini is jointly created by several Alphabet teams such as Google Research and DeepMind. As a new powerful multi-modal artificial intelligence model, it can induce, understand, operate and combine different types of information. It can not only process text, images, video and audio, but also complete complex tasks in mathematics, physics and other scientific fields, and can understand and generate high-quality codes in various programming languages.

Pichai described Gemini as "our largest and most powerful AI model to date" and said that it has shown the most advanced performance in many leading benchmarks. "The first generation of Gemini 1.0 was optimized for different sizes, namely: Ultra, Pro and Nano. These are the first models to enter the Gemini era and the first realization of our vision when we established Google DeepMind earlier this year. "

At the Google I/O conference in May this year, Pichai spoiled the news that Google was developing Gemini. It is described as the "Next Generation Multi-modal Intelligent Network", which is designed for API integration. It is said that it has trillions of parameters like GPT-4, but its computing power is five times that of GPT-4, and it can perform more complex and diverse tasks.

To this end, Google also merged its two strongest artificial intelligence laboratories: Google Brain and DeepMind, led by Demis Hassabis, the former CEO of DeepMind, and invested hundreds of millions of dollars in research and development of Gemini.

Even sergey brin, the co-founder of Google, who has resigned for four years, has returned to the office of Mountain View in Silicon Valley to participate in the Gemini decision-making and join the LLM scuffle.

But just last week, The Information quoted people familiar with the matter as saying that Pichai recently silently canceled a series of Gemini public appearances that should have been held in California, new york and Washington, D.C., because it was found to be "unreliable in handling some non-English queries", which cast a gray color on the product launch process.

Perhaps to consolidate market confidence, early this morning, Gemini 1.0 suddenly made its grand debut, appearing in the public’s field of vision and quickly occupying the front pages of major scientific and technological media.

So, what is the strongest artificial intelligence model that Google is betting on the whole army?

Hassabis, head of DeepMind, called Gemini their most flexible model, which can run efficiently on all kinds of devices from data centers to mobile devices.

In order to achieve this extensibility, Gemini 1.0 has designed three versions with different functions and sizes:

Gemini Nano —The most efficient model on the end-side equipment. Designed for smart phones, it can perform efficient AI processing tasks without connecting to an external server. Now it has been integrated into Pixel 8 Pro, which can support the function of "summarizing text" in recording applications and the function of "intelligent reply" in Gboard. Starting with WhatsApp, it will be extended to more applications next year.

Gemini Pro —The best model for various tasks running in Google data center. Support the latest version of the AI chat robot Bard from today. It can respond quickly and understand complex queries, which is the biggest upgrade since Bard was introduced. At present, it provides English services to more than 170 countries and regions, and plans to support new languages and regions in the coming months, and apply them to more Google products such as search, advertising, Chrome and Duet AI.

Gemini Ultra -The largest and most powerful model, dedicated to highly complex tasks, will be provided to developers and enterprise customers early next year after completing the current testing phase. At that time, an updated version of Bard Advanced based on Gemini Ultra will be launched.

In terms of model architecture, Gemini still uses Transformer architecture, adopts an efficient attention mechanism, and supports the context length of 32k.

Google confidently said that after rigorous testing and performance evaluation of the Gemini model, from natural image, audio and video understanding to mathematical reasoning,Among the 32 academic benchmarks widely used in the research and development of large-scale language models, the performance of Gemini Ultra has exceeded the most advanced level represented by ChatGPT at present.. Before the release of Gemini, Google conducted a series of tests to evaluate it with standard industry indicators.

In the MMLU test, the score rate of Gemini Ultra is 90.0%, which is higher than that of GPT-4 (86.4%), making it the first model to surpass the performance of human experts. The MMLU test covers 57 subjects, including mathematics, physics, history, law, medicine and ethics, and aims to evaluate the model’s understanding and problem-solving ability in the global knowledge field.

In Reasoning, Math and Code, except HellaSwag, which lags behind GPT-4 by 87.8%, others include challenging math problems such as multi-step reasoning, algebra/geometry/pre-calculus and so on.

In terms of multimodal capability, Gemini Ultra achieved a SOTA score of 59.4% in the new MMMU benchmark test, which exceeded the 56.8% of the multimodal version GPT-4V of OpenAI. This benchmark test spans many different fields and requires precise reasoning for many tasks.

In the image benchmark test, even without the assistance of Object Character Recognition (OCR) system, the performance of Gemini Ultra is better than all previous models only by analyzing pixel information. In audio testing, the scores of automatic speech recognition and automatic speech translation of Gemini are higher than those of Whisper system connected to GPT-4.

Hassabis said that this highlights the superiority of Gemini’s native multimodal. Up to now, the usual way to create multi-modal models is to train individual components of different modes independently, and then splice them together to try to simulate some functions.

Although such models can sometimes effectively perform specific tasks such as describing pictures, they often perform poorly in more conceptual and complex reasoning.

Gemini was originally designed in a native multi-modal way, and was pre-trained in different modes from the beginning using TPUs v4 and v5e chips designed by Google.. Then it is fine-tuned with more additional multimodal data to improve its performance.

This method enables Gemini to understand and reason all kinds of input content more naturally in the initial stage, and its ability in almost all fields has reached an unprecedented advanced level.

First of all, Gemini has complex multi-modal reasoning ability, which can help to understand complex written and visual information and discover indistinguishable knowledge content in massive data.

For example, it is instructed to filter irrelevant papers through the natural language prompt, or extract key data through reading. With a lunch break, Gemini can help you extract 250 document points from 200,000 papers, and further transform the data into any required chart form. This will greatly help to achieve innovative breakthroughs in science, finance and other fields at a digital speed.

The trained Gemini can obviously recognize and understand text, image and audio data at the same time, better understand subtle information and answer questions related to complex topics. This makes it especially good at explaining reasoning in subjects such as mathematics and physics. In the example, the staff showed that Gemini can check handwriting physical mistakes and explain the correct way.

In order to show the multimodal capabilities of Gemini more intuitively, Brother Chai released a video in X, saying that "the best way to understand the amazing potential capabilities of Gemini is to look at their practical applications".

In the video, Gemini taught the staff the pronunciation of "duck" in Mandarin according to the instructions, and also explained the Chinese tone.

The staff also gave Gemini a demonstration of interaction only in Chinese. By asking about the indoor light in a picture, Gemini is asked to give the orientation of the apartment in use. Gemini answers in Chinese and guesses that the room faces south. Circle a plant in the photo and ask what kind of lighting it needs. gemini then explains the plant species and lighting requirements. The whole process is as smooth as the mother tongue, which shows that Gemini is outstanding in multilingual environment, which is no less than GPT-4.

In addition, Gemini can understand, interpret and generate high-quality codes of the most popular programming languages in the world, such as Python, Java, C++ and Go. The ability to achieve cross-language work and handle complex information makes it one of the world’s leading basic coding models, helping programmers to use the powerful AI model as a collaborative tool to design applications.

For developers, starting from December 13th, Gemini Pro can be obtained through the Gemini API in Google AI Studio or Google Cloud Vertex AI. Android developers can also use Gemini Nano, the most efficient model for end-to-end tasks, through AICore.

Looking back on the development of Google’s big model all the way, compared with the continuous and rapid update of OpenAI’s "Wang Fried", Microsoft always seems to be one step behind when it integrates various AI functions of GPT into core products and pushes them to customers. When Bard, a chat robot, was released in February this year, it got off to a bad start, and the market value evaporated by 100 billion dollars overnight with a factual error. Benchmarking Microsoft Copilot’s Duet AI work suite, the market response was moderate, and the financial performance of cloud services also lost to Microsoft.

Especially after the internal friction caused by the reorganization of Brain and DeepMind teams and the loss of senior talents to OpenAI, Google’s AI battle is even more exhausted.

However, this is, after all, an AI pioneer who contributed to Transformer’s pioneering masterpiece Attention is all you need and the landmark artificial intelligence program AlphaGo, and inspired the subsequent development of many large models including ChatGPT. No matter from the technical genes, training data, capital and infrastructure, it should have one of the best strengths.

The release of Gemini is regarded by Google as the most critical technological innovation in the past decade. Can it make Google rally, beat OpenAI and regain the throne of the big model stadium?

Will the AI competition pattern be reshaped after Genmini Ultra comes out next year?

And, has everyone tried the new Google Bard? How do you feel?

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guide　language

The treatment scheme of herpes zoster can be roughly divided into traditional Chinese medicine therapy and western medicine therapy. Today, we will learn the western medicine therapy recommended by the guide.

Therapeutic goal of herpes zoster

Relieve acute pain; Shorten the duration of skin lesions; Prevent the spread of skin lesions; Prevent or reduce complications.

First, antiviral drugs

Commonly used drugs in clinical treatment of herpes zoster can effectively shorten the course of disease, accelerate the healing of rash, reduce the formation of new rash and reduce the spread of virus to internal organs. It should be used within 72 hours after the eruption, so as to quickly reach and maintain the effective concentration and obtain the best therapeutic effect. At present, the approved systemic antiviral drugs include acyclovir, valaciclovir, famciclovir, bromovudine and foscarnet sodium.

acyclovir

Function characteristics:

Acyclovir triphosphate is produced by phosphorylation of viral thymidine kinase in infected cells, which can inhibit viral DNA polymerase and stop the extension of viral DNA chain.

　 Usage:

(1) Oral administration: 400-800 mg/time, 5 times/day, for 7 days;

(2) Intravenous drip: 5 ~ 10 mg/kg for patients with immune impairment or serious nervous system diseases, once every 8 hours, with a course of 7 days.　

Precautions:

Patients should drink plenty of water during the administration of acyclovir to prevent acyclovir from precipitating in renal tubules and damaging renal function.

Valaciclovir

Function characteristics:

The prodrug of acyclovir is quickly absorbed by oral administration and quickly converted into acyclovir in gastrointestinal tract and liver, and its bioavailability is 3~5 times that of acyclovir.

　 Usage:

Oral administration: 300 ~ 1000 mg/time, 3 times/day, for 7 days.

Fanciclovir

Function characteristics:

The prodrug of penciclovir is rapidly converted into penciclovir after oral administration, and maintains a long half-life in cells. The mechanism of action is the same as that of acyclovir, the bioavailability is higher than that of acyclovir, and the frequency and dosage of administration are lower than that of acyclovir.

　 Usage:

Oral administration: 250 ~ 500mg/time, 3 times/day, for 7 days.

brivudine tablets

Function characteristics:

The antiviral effect is highly selective, and the process of inhibiting virus replication is only carried out in virus-infected cells.　

Usage:

Oral administration: 125mg／/day, l times/day, for 7 days.

Sodium foscarnet

Function characteristics:

Blocking the phosphate binding site of viral DNA polymerase in a non-competitive way, thus showing antiviral activity.

　 Usage:

Intravenous drip: 40 mg/kg each time, once every 8 hours.

Note meaning　

Patients with renal insufficiency should reduce the dosage accordingly;

If renal function continues to decline, acyclovir should be stopped immediately and famciclovir or other antiviral drugs should be used to continue treatment;

For patients suspected of renal insufficiency, creatinine level should be detected before initial administration (creatinine level is not required for bromovudine).

Second, analgesics

Mild to moderate pain:Acetaminophen and tramadol can be selected;　

Moderate and severe pain:

1. Opioid drugs, such as morphine or oxycodone;

2. Drugs for the treatment of neuropathic pain, such as calcium channel regulator gabapentin and pregabalin, in addition to amitriptyline and 5% lidocaine patch. Severe acute pain during herpes zoster is a risk factor for post-herpetic neuralgia (PHN). Combined with calcium channel regulator can not only effectively relieve pain, but also reduce the occurrence of PHN. Studies have shown that early use of pregabalin can significantly reduce the pain score of herpes zoster, especially within 7 days of herpes occurrence, which can significantly reduce the incidence of PHN. The pain of elderly patients with herpes zoster is more common and severe, which seriously affects all aspects of life, such as anxiety, disorder and inability to work or live normally. Studies have shown that pregabalin combined with oxycodone can not only further reduce the incidence of PHN, but also improve the daily activities and sleep of patients and improve their quality of life.

Third, glucocorticoid

At present, there is still controversy about whether to use glucocorticoid to treat herpes zoster.

It is generally believed that systematic application of glucocorticoid in the early stage of acute onset of herpes zoster and gradual decrease can inhibit the inflammatory process, shorten the duration of acute pain and the healing time of skin lesions, but it is ineffective for the pain with PHN.　

Recommended dose:The initial dosage of prednisone is 30~40 mg／/day, which is taken orally and gradually reduced, and the course of treatment is 1~2 weeks.

　Fourth, neurotrophic drugs

It is also helpful to relieve neuroinflammation and neuralgia. Commonly used drugs include mecobalamin, vitamin B1 and vitamin B12, etc., which are taken orally or injected intramuscularly.

Five, topical drugs

Mainly dry and anti-inflammatory.　

Blister fluid is not broken:Calamine lotion, acyclovir cream or penciclovir cream can be used externally.　

After herpes is broken:

3% boric acid solution wet compress;

1: 5000 furacilin solution wet compress;

0.5% neomycin ointment for external use;

2% mupirocin ointment.　

Ophthalmic herpes:3% Acyclovir Eye Ointment and Iodine Eye Drops for External Use.

References: [1] Herpes Zoster Expert Consensus Working Group. Herpes Zoster Expert Consensus in China [J]. Chinese Journal of Dermatology .2018,51 (6): 403-406.

Laiyuan/Yunque

CCTV News:Entering the summer tourist season, major landmark attractions across the country have ushered in a large passenger flow, and cultural and creative products have also been "new". Small and exquisite refrigerator magnets, cute and funny mascots, creative peripheral toys, rich varieties and creative products have become important growth points of tourism consumption. Which cultural creations are popular this summer vacation? How did excellent products come into being? What are the new changes in the cultural and creative industry chain? Come and see the reporters’ interviews in many places.

I came to the Badaling Great Wall in Beijing and walked all the way from the entrance. There are dozens of cultural and creative shops, large and small. In order to welcome the summer tourist season, Wenchuang Store has also extended its business until 10: 00 pm, that is, to coincide with the visit time of the Great Wall at night. The largest Wenchuang Store in Dengchengkou has just been renovated recently, with more than 6,000 people entering the store every day.

For the summer vacation, children’s favorite cultural and creative groups have been added to the store. The "customs clearance document" with names, the Great Wall brick with treasures that can be "dug" and the "Four Seasons Great Wall" ornaments that can change colors at any time are very popular.

After Gansu Wenbo’s "conspicuous package" was on fire. Recently, it is also popular on social networks to choose a handful of "fluffy" Tianshui mala Tang from the "fluffy" big refrigerator, and then pick a few "soft" potatoes and potato eggs.

How can Wenchuang products get less delicious food? In the Yinxu Museum in Anyang, Henan Province, the wide noodles engraved with Oracle Bone Inscriptions make children’s appetite big, and when they eat, they can also get a piece of "Niu Zun Fried Egg", and this "Dading 1: 1 Rice" has both taste and value.

In Shanghai, Xujiahui specially took out a plot of 1,200 square meters and built a cultural and creative collection store full of Shanghai charm. Visitors can pick a small and exquisite "cast iron" manhole cover and turn their fingers to combine the words on the Rubik’s cube into a beautiful blessing.

Immersive punch card is a good idea to "bring fire" to a city

Wenchuang can not only buy, but also interact on the spot. Recently, visitors to Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province have a new way of playing, that is, the whole city "looking for Lu Xun".

In Lu Xun’s former residence, in Cang Qiao Zhijie, and even on the cruise ship, you can see cute and cute Lu Xun dolls. Many young people follow Chinese textbooks and "punch in" the life track of young Lu Xun.

Since the beginning of this year, the scenic spot of Lu Xun’s hometown has received 2.285 million tourists, and has received a total of 350,000 tourists in the summer, among which tourists aged 18 to 35 account for more than one third.

Get through the link, good design and good business.

Buying several favorite "peripheral" small objects, tasting a delicious food with urban characteristics or personally experiencing cultural and creative production have become the "standard" of current tourism. In recent years, local governments have strongly supported the development of cultural and creative industries, opened up market-oriented industrial links and brought new impetus to economic development.

In a shop on Xinle Road, Old Street, Shanghai, pieces of exquisite hand-painted enamel bricks are full of luster. This ceramic tile technique was originally used to restore historical buildings, but now it has been developed into a variety of Shanghai-style cultural goods. These hand-painted enamel bricks are also the winners of the 14th Shanghai Gift Design Competition.

Many mature enterprises and outstanding industrial designers are linked together through competitions. From the aspects of market research, design, proofing, transformation, production, channels and sales, the industrial chain of "Shanghai Gift" is getting deeper and deeper.

Bringing the "Museum" Home, New Travel and New Career.

With the rise of immersive cultural tourism, the new consumption format of cultural and creative products has also spawned a new profession — — Wenchuang product planning operator.

Liu Nian of Chongqing Three Gorges Museum is one of them. This bronze toy designed by him is the most popular cultural and creative product in the store. Fish mouth, crested pigeon body and animal ear, a bird-shaped statue of Pakistan in the Warring States Period, have become the treasures in the Three Gorges Museum since it was unearthed in 2002, and Liu Nian is one of the people who have seen it the most and frequently.

There is no shortage of culture in the museum, but all kinds of whimsy are indispensable to refine the symbols behind the collection into cultural and creative products. Not long ago, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security publicized a number of new occupations, and Wenchuang product planning operators were among them. In the more and more "spelling" Wenchuang circuit, museums are eager for this new type of work that knows marketing and can operate.

Since 2017, major museums in Chongqing have vigorously carried out cultural and creative work. Up to now, 12,666 kinds of cultural and creative products have been launched, with a revenue of nearly 200 million yuan.

Little refrigerator stickers create "wisdom" and new kinetic energy

After years of development, Wenchuang products have gradually formed a new trend of customization and refinement, which can be seen from the refrigerator stickers that have quietly changed in recent years. Fridge Magnet, as a popular product of punch card proof in travel destination, has changed from little difference to its own characteristics, and even become a collectible work of art, which is inseparable from the continuous upgrading of products from design, material, technology, sales and other aspects.

In Yiwu International Trade City, Zhejiang Province, when you walk into Ji Tengyu’s shop, tens of thousands of kinds of refrigerator magnets are distributed all over the wall. He has been doing the refrigerator business for more than ten years, and told reporters that from the sales volume, you can see which city is "on fire" again.

More than a decade ago, as a "general product" of tourist attractions, refrigerator magnets had no sense of design and complicated technology. Nowadays, quicksand models, luminous perspective models and even AR and naked-eye 3D refrigerator magnets that can "snow" are difficult to meet the customized needs of customers. Just for a city-limited refrigerator, Wu Xiangjuan, the business owner, has been "grinding" with the design team for more than a month, and he has to decide the color, concentrate the urban landscape and choose the appropriate silicone material.

In addition to "spelling" design, upstream manufacturers are more "spelling" product quality. In a customized refrigerator factory in Dongguan, Guangdong Province, enterprises hope to differentiate themselves from traditional products through new processes and technologies.

Internet big data platform shows that during the summer vacation, the number of refrigerator related orders increased by 228% compared with last year, and the transaction volume was 1.78 times that of last year.

A few days ago, more than 40 people with severe visual impairment came to Hezhuang Cultural and Sports Center in Qiantang District, incarnating as "raiders of the lost ark", and launched an interesting "treasure hunt" in the first application scene of wisdom blind road in China.

At the scene, after the simple training of the staff of the R&D unit, the participants easily mastered the use of the wisdom cane. At the beginning of the activity, each participant got the wisdom cane distributed by the staff. After quickly connecting to the related small programs on their mobile phones, they turned into "raiders of the lost ark" on the designated route.

The treasure hunt route is nearly 100 meters long. Participants will pass through barrier-free ramps, barrier-free elevators and barrier-free doors, and go upstairs, go straight and turn under the guidance of the wisdom blind road. After reaching the finish line, participants can receive corresponding rewards by virtue of the "treasure list" on their mobile phones.

After the experience, visually impaired people praised the innovation of electronic blind roads-

"Enter the end point accurately on the mobile phone and follow the guide. There are voice prompts all the way, which is very clear. When I was looking for treasure, I was particularly happy when I heard the gold coin ringing. " Participant Shen Haidan said.

"Electronic blind roads are more accurate, more secure, more convenient and more humanized than traditional blind roads. The prompts of’ Go Forward’,’ Turn Left’ and’ Turn Right’ make us feel that the service is warm and caring. At present, I feel that there is a slight delay in matching, and I hope I can continue to improve. " Participant Zheng Yan said.

"Electronic blind roads can be located in bathrooms, conference rooms, offices and other places in buildings, which is more suitable for blind friends to travel, and I hope it can be promoted!" Participant Jiang Longxiang said.

The first "Treasure Hunt" of the "Qiantang Cup" was directed by Hangzhou Blind Association, and jointly sponsored by Qiantang Disabled Persons’ Federation and Hezhuang Sub-district Office.

In recent years, Hangzhou Disabled Persons’ Federation and Qiantang Disabled Persons’ Federation have devoted themselves to building the Hezhuang Cultural and Sports Center in Qiantang District as a model of the national advanced barrier-free cultural and sports center. After successfully building the first barrier-free swimming pool in China, they also focused on information barrier-free construction, and created the first intelligent blind road application scene in China.

Zhao Cheng, chairman of Hangzhou Blind Association, introduced that the application scene of the intelligent blind road compensates for the lack of vision through sound, and stimulates the enthusiasm of visually impaired people through technology, which can help them better participate in the experience and integrate into society. "I hope that with the joint efforts of all walks of life in the future, severely visually impaired people can also go out of their homes more conveniently, set foot on urban blind roads, enjoy urban public transportation and enjoy work and life without obstacles."

　　Yangguang. com BeijingSeptember 27 th news (Reporter Liang Shuang) Today,noon12：00，Btc china officially closed the digital assets and people’s bank recharge function..Btc china announced on its official website today that it will close the digital assets and people’s bank recharge function at 12:00 noon on September 27th, Beijing time.;Close all trading functions at 12:00 noon on September 30th..

　　“We must realize that shutting down the virtual currency exchange and prohibiting bitcoin platform transactions are not in conflict with the current development of blockchain!"Director, Research Center for Financial Technology and Internet Security, Renmin University of ChinaYang Dong told reporters that China encourages innovation in blockchain technology, but it mustExpel financial crimes such as pyramid schemes and illegal fund-raising by using virtual currency trading platforms under the guise of blockchain.suchIn order to create a healthy and good financial technology ecological environment for the development of blockchain applications.

　　Eight-year inflation5 million times to close the platform to prohibit RMB speculation in Bitcoin

　　SeptemberOn the 4th, seven ministries and commissions, including the People’s Bank of China, jointly issued the "Announcement on Preventing the Financing Risks of Token Issuance", characterizing ICO as illegal public financing.,And suspend all transactions.. The central bank stressed that all kinds of token issuance financing activities should be stopped immediately.

　　Subsequently, btc china, the three major bitcoin trading platforms in China,OKCoin currency line,Firecoin. com announced that it would stop trading.

　　As to why the btc china trading platform was closed,Yang dongAttributed to"Seven deadly sins of virtual trading platform": lack of legal business license, inflated prices, illegal acts such as money laundering and evasion of foreign exchange control, pyramid schemes and fraud, insider manipulation, technology and confidence security, and secret network transactions.

　　Vice President, School of Finance and Finance, Renmin University of ChinaZhao Xijun stressed that the closure of the China Bitcoin trading platform only prohibited the transaction between Bitcoin and RMB, in case the RMB was used to speculate on Bitcoin, which caused the price of Bitcoin to be artificially high.

　　whatBitcoin that came out in 2009, eight years.between/separate/space in between/roomSoaring upMore than 5 million times, as if driven by bitcoin.Getting rich overnight is no longer a dream. This also gives some lawless elements an opportunity to seize people’s psychology of getting rich quickly and concoct various pyramid schemes.

　　According to relevant media reports,A Bitcoin payment platform in Hong Kong in 2015On suspicion of using virtual currency for pyramid schemes,Involving up to3 billion Hong Kong dollars. According to the platform, investors buy bitcoin mining contracts for 400,000 yuan, earn bitcoin every day, return their money in about 4 months, and earn an additional 600,000 yuan a year.Criminals use the funds invested by later investors to pay early investors,Once no new investors join or the organizers suddenly lose contact, investors will suffer heavy losses.

　　“Virtual currencies such as Bitcoin lack a clear value base, there is no economic fundamentals to evaluate the supply and demand situation and intrinsic value of Bitcoin, and the market speculation atmosphere is strong, resulting in drastic price fluctuations, which will cause investors who blindly follow the trend to suffer losses."Yang Dong said.

　　All countries have different levels of supervision on Bitcoin.

　　In 2013, the People’s Bank of China, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the China Banking Regulatory Commission, the China Securities Regulatory Commission and the China Insurance Regulatory Commission jointly issued the Notice on Preventing Bitcoin Risks, stating: "Bitcoin should be a specific virtual commodity, which does not have the same legal status as currency, and cannot and should not be used as currency in the market.”。

　　For a long time, Bitcoin has been characterized as a virtual commodity rather than a currency in China, so the financial regulatory authorities have not imposed necessary restrictions and supervision on it.“At present, China’s domestic virtual currency trading platform lacks relevant legal business licenses, which leads to the virtual currency trading platform drifting away from the existing regulatory system, and in fact there are huge business risks."Yang Dong told reporters.

　　Yang Dong said,The state has repeatedly stressed that it is necessary to put the prevention of financial risks in the first place, andICO has already seen the phenomenon that "bad money drives out good money", thereforeRegulatory pairICOgo on"one size fits all"alsoAs expected.

　　Zhao Xijun also holds the same view. He said that although Bitcoin has decentralized characteristics, every country will supervise it, but in different forms."China’s current economic construction still needs to invest a lot of money, but nowThere are many people who take money to speculate on bitcoin.Not only did it not create beneficial value, but it also occupied financial funds, so it is more necessary to have corresponding supervision."

　　Up to now, most virtual currency trading channels in China are basically closed.

　　Close the trading platform　transferOver-the-counter trading raises concerns

　　"nowTrader of bitcoinMay chooseSome foreign trading platforms trade, while others maywillChange careers, or go abroad to be a platform.."Trading platform transferred to foreign countries will behowappearancedevelopZhao Xijun said,no matter whatexistDomestic or foreign?, the platform is subject toSupervisionThat’s for sure.,"An unregulated platform will not have a legitimate transaction and development will be constrained."

　　At the same time, will it lead to a large number of over-the-counter transactions if standardized trading platforms are prohibited from conducting business?Vice President of China technology and finance Law Research AssociationDeng Jianpeng expressed the same concern.“In view of the decentralized nature of Bitcoin, veryIt is difficult because the regulator has a decree.inCompletely banned in reality. As long as investment demand exists, bitcoin transactions are forced to dissociate from some limited formal institutions and enter OTC transactions.,The relevant ban has objectively become the entry of bitcoin transactions.‘Dark web’A booster."

　　“China should strengthen the technology-driven supervision of virtual currencies such as Bitcoin, use blockchain, big data, cloud computing and other means to strengthen the traceability of virtual currencies such as Bitcoin, monitor the fluctuation of the overall market, and improve the real-time tracking of capital flows."Yang Dong said.

　　Deng Jianpeng pointed out that,The funds of customers and trading institutions and bitcoin should be effectively isolated.canPrevent trading institutions from misappropriating customers’ funds or bitcoin privately.ofRisk.

　　At the beginning of last month, Liu Fang’s autobiographical youth inspirational novel Pomegranate Qingqing, which was conceived and written in three years, was published.

　　This 170,000-word novel, with the western rural education in the early 1990s as the background, depicts the ideals, work, love and friendship of a group of young teachers engaged in rural education. Among them, there are not only daily stories of Liu Fang and her students, but also Liu Fang’s experience in rural education.

　　"Someone asked me what novel I wrote when my eyes were out of sight, and who read it. I firmly say, write to yourself, to the discerning, to the blind, to those who have gone through youth and have dreams, to see a lost youth and to see a bright world in the eyes of the blind. " Liu Fang wrote this in the preface to Pomegranate Green. She hopes that this book can bring more teachers’ college students and future teachers touch and think, and let more people pay attention to rural education.

　　Not long ago, our reporter walked into Liu Fang’s new home in Dijing Jiayuan Community, Baiyun District. The sunshine from the balcony makes the clean and tidy room particularly bright. Liu Fang is wearing a long cotton dress embroidered with white flowers and a black belt with a golden metal chain. Her long hair is tied in a low ponytail behind her head, and she walks slowly from the room with a smile on her face, which is gentle and beautiful.

　　She warmly greeted us to sit down in Mandarin, which had not changed her accent. Although her eyes were invisible, she was very energetic. During the interview, her humorous and joking words made us laugh again and again.

　　★ Character file

　　Liu Fang, born in 1970, was born in Hubei. At the age of 5, she and her mother came to Baiyun District with her father to support the construction of the third line in Guiyang. He used to be a first-class Chinese teacher in Baiyun No.3 Middle School in Guiyang, and now he is a psychological counseling teacher in this school. Director of China Disabled Persons’ Federation Blind Literature Association, member of Guizhou Disabled Persons’ Federation.

　　Rooted in rural education for 21 years, he began to lose his sight gradually due to retinitis pigmentosa in 1997, but he still insisted on cultivating the three-foot platform. Won the title of the second "Moral Model of Dedicated Service in Guiyang" and "Good People Around Guiyang" in 2010.

　　★ Dialogue with Liu Fang

　　Reporter: Although you have lost your eyesight, you are so optimistic, humorous, cheerful and strong. What is the biggest pain you face?

　　Liu Fang: Actually, I am not optimistic myself, but I am optimistic and strong for others. I just found out that I had a great psychological impact when I was sick, and I couldn’t sleep at night. It was very painful to think about what parents, children and husbands should do if they were really blind in the future.

　　When I encounter specific difficulties, I will also be very painful. For example, other teachers use pens to correct papers and exercise books quickly, but I have to get close to see them clearly. I feel that such a simple thing can be so laborious; When I accidentally fell into the ditch while walking, I would feel so sad.

　　When my eyesight is declining and my son is growing up, I find that other pains are not pains, and the most painful thing is not to see what the child looks like. Because the most selfless love in the world is maternal love, how can you show maternal love when children can’t see it? After my son was six or seven years old, I didn’t know what he looked like. I heard that he was handsome and heavy-eyed, but I couldn’t see him.

　　Everyone has their own ideals, but I can’t see, and I can’t do many things I want to do. I still feel very sorry.

　　Reporter: You wrote Pomegranate Green to appeal to the society to pay attention to rural education and rural students. What do you think rural education needs now, and what should society and individuals do?

　　Liu Fang: I have been engaged in education in rural areas for 21 years, and I really feel a lot. At present, the unbalanced development of education is most prominent in rural areas, unlike the schools in the city, which are very balanced in terms of teachers, hardware and equipment.

　　I think rural education needs teachers first. At present, many normal college students have no firm belief in teaching in the countryside. If every normal student is unwilling to go to the countryside, how can the teachers in the countryside be balanced?

　　Secondly, public opinion should have more positive publicity on rural education. Nowadays, we always promote good famous schools and famous teachers, and few people pay attention to why we can’t build a good school in the countryside and lead famous teachers to the countryside. Instead, the countryside has trained a good teacher and sent it to the city, so public opinion has neglected the propaganda of rural education.

　　Third, rural students need to be concerned. Now, in the class where I am the deputy head teacher, 26 of the 44 children are left-behind children, and 30 of the 50 children in a class in the school are single-parent families. Who will supervise and care about their mental health after returning home? Many children go to Internet cafes and are swallowed up by the demons of many black Internet cafes in society.

　　The turning point of life from "white" to "black"

　　When she was in Guiyang Teachers College, Liu Fang was a little night blind, but she didn’t pay much attention. In 1993, at the age of 23, she was assigned to Baiyun No.3 Middle School (then known as Maijia Middle School) as a Chinese teacher and a class teacher. She was absorbed in her work and didn’t take night blindness seriously.

　　However, night blindness is getting heavier and heavier, and ripples begin to appear in front of your eyes during the day.

　　One day in August 1997, she came to the provincial doctor. "You have retinitis pigmentosa. This is a difficult medical problem in the world. There is no medicine and surgery to cure it. In the future, you will slowly lose sight and become blind. " The doctor’s conclusion, like a bolt from the blue hit Liu Fang on the head, she was stunned and her legs and feet were weak …

　　After returning home, Liu Fang did not tell her family about her illness. "Some pains will be magnified when they are spoken, which will make more people suffer together." She works, does housework and takes care of the children as usual, but with the aggravation of eye diseases, she will get caught on the edge of the bowl and the table when she is picking vegetables, even if she is equipped with myopia glasses.

　　In 1999, Liu Fang’s invisibility spread from night to day. She wanted to see the most beautiful scenery before she went completely blind, and went to the World Horticultural Exposition being held in Kunming alone. Up to now, she still remembers the beautiful scenery that made her "amazing".

　　In 2000, the family knew about Liu Fang’s illness. In order not to let her family worry too much, she tried to make herself stronger.

　　In 2006, Liu Fang got a disability certificate. But she thinks that although her eyes are disabled, she can still work and take care of herself. "I am not invisible at once, and many living habits are gradually formed." She walks freely at home now, washing clothes, cleaning and bathing dogs by herself. She is not blind at all.

　　Don’t give up the "three-foot podium dream"

　　"My primary school teacher taught me love, my junior high school teacher taught me rigorous scholarship and strict requirements, my senior high school Chinese teacher taught me to read, love books and revel in teaching, and my college literature introduction teacher made me understand that I should constantly cultivate myself." Liu Fang said that when I first joined the work, my goal was to "be a good teacher like my favorite teacher".

　　Therefore, she never gave up the "three-foot podium dream".

　　In September 2001, after reading Jin Yong’s the legendary swordsman, Liu Fang could hardly see clearly. She began to listen to books on MP3 and radio, and installed software for the blind on the computer to read books. In a year, she "read" more than 20 books.

　　Before, Liu Fang memorized all the key points and difficulties in the key articles of Chinese textbooks for junior high school for three years with her remaining eyesight.

　　She explored a set of her own teaching methods, such as composition class. Her composition comments are very rich, and some students write "Miss Liu, I look forward to reading comments" at the back of the composition. Later, it was very difficult to correct the composition, so she took the students’ compositions to the classroom and let them read them first, and then the whole class commented, revised and graded them together …

　　When writing on the blackboard is difficult, she takes advantage of her strong imitation ability to combine the stories and jokes she has heard with teaching and tell them to students vividly. Speaking, learning, teasing and singing in cross talk, life, Dan, purity, ugliness in Beijing opera are also skillfully used in teaching by her. There is always laughter in class, and students say, "It’s very happy to attend Teacher Liu’s class."

　　During her 21-year teaching career, Liu Fang has been a class teacher for 14 years, and most of her classes are "double-poor classes" and "problem classes". However, in the senior high school entrance examination, these classes often ranked first in the parallel classes of the school, especially in the 2005 senior high school entrance examination, and the top three scores were all in the classes she brought.

　　Transform into a "spiritual mentor"

　　In June, 2008, the last senior high school entrance examination for students led by Liu Fang ended. Since the beginning of the new semester, she has stopped taking classes and teaching Chinese, but has transformed into a psychological counseling teacher in the school.

　　"I can’t see with my eyes, and I can’t change my exercise books, compositions and test papers. The new Chinese textbooks have changed and become more numerous. If I continue to teach, I will teach a language that is lacking." Although it was painful to give up her beloved Chinese teaching, with the encouragement of school leaders and colleagues and the trust of students, Liu Fang chose to transform.

　　"Some people don’t need you to help them solve their problems. They just want to find a psychological spillway." To this end, Liu Fang had the idea of establishing a "growth record bag" for students. The students designed the cover of the file bag themselves and put their hearts in it. "Just put the thoughts and secrets in it and let it go."

　　Nowadays, in Liu Fang’s psychological counseling room, rows of "growth record bags" with different covers are neatly placed. Some students took them away after graduation, and some still stayed in the psychological counseling room. There have been hundreds of them in recent years.

　　"Some children came to me with psychological problems. After giving them counseling, the teacher told me that the child was much better, and I was particularly fulfilled. This is my happiest thing." Every day, many students come to Liu Fang’s psychological counseling room to chat and talk with her.

　　Every semester, Liu Fang will attend classes in 25 classes in the whole school at least twice, give psychological counseling to students on common problems, give some lectures irregularly, and occasionally be invited by other teachers to be a guest teacher of composition. Every week, she will go to the moral lecture hall of the rural children’s palace to tell students moral stories.

　　Support the blue sky of students with love

　　"Liu Ma, how are you recently? You should take care of yourself! " Hu Xin often calls to care about Liu Fang, and sometimes buys a lot of fruit to visit her at school.

　　He is a student of Liu Fang’s class of 2003, but he dropped out of school in the second day of junior high school to work. "Teacher Liu is very kind to us. After I dropped out of school, she always advised me to continue studying. Now I regret giving up my studies, but I am very grateful to Teacher Liu for her love for me." Now 27-year-old Hu Xin drives an excavator in Baiyun District, and often helps Liu Ma. Liu Fang wants to refuse, so he says, "Teacher Liu, I am your son, and we are all your sons. It is right for her to help her."

　　"Children will encounter troubles when they grow up, especially left-behind children, children of floating population, children from single-parent families, and students with learning difficulties. Using’ love’ can help them and give them strength and courage." As long as students are found to have difficulties, Liu Fang will help them, donate clothes and school supplies, and help them pay tuition and clothing expenses.

　　Yuan Fengmei unfortunately became an orphan in the third grade. Liu Fang approached her, comforted her, supported her and gave her family warmth. A few years later, she was admitted to Beijing Normal University and chose to be a teacher. Now she often comes to see "Liu Ma" as a teacher in Huaxi Tsinghua Middle School. "Last year, I had surgery and she stayed with me for one night. In the morning, she quietly put 300 yuan under my pillow and wrote’ My daughter gave money to my mother’." Liu Fang said.

　　Today, Liu Fang is still as popular as ever in Baiyun No.3 Middle School. Before class, the students will take the initiative to pick her up to the classroom. If she appears in class in advance, the students will scream with surprise.

　　Simple life and devoted writing

　　Every day, after getting up and eating breakfast, Liu Fang went downstairs and went to school with her colleagues who came to pick her up for work. After school in the afternoon, she was sent downstairs by her colleagues. After having a rest after dinner, she will exercise on the treadmill on the balcony for an hour, take a hot bath, sit quietly on the floating window of the bedroom and start writing novels …

　　This is Liu Fang’s life now, simple but full.

　　"I like writing. In the past, I mainly wrote prose and poetry. Later, I listened to more novels and began to write novels myself." Liu Fang said that her second autobiographical novel Ten Years of Flowers has written 50,000 words. She arranged chapters according to the flower language. The first chapter "Roses Bloom" wrote about the time of love, the second chapter "Lilies Bloom" wrote about newly married life, the third chapter "Sunflowers Bloom" wrote about the birth of children, and then there was "Jasmine Bloom" …

　　She said that she should write down her marriage, family and love in the ten years that she could not see from sight.

　　★ She in their eyes

　　Zhu Weiran (son of Liu Fang): In my heart, my mother is both strong and fragile. I want to be my mother’s "little crutch" all my life.

　　Ye Zhiya (Vice President of Baiyun No.3 Middle School): Liu Fang is an excellent teacher with a strong Chinese foundation. Although she can’t see with her eyes, she still insists on attending classes, which is amazing and admirable. She regards the school as her home, and she is also very enthusiastic about her colleagues. She can remind me of something difficult to say in a kind way, and she is a very wise person. She cares about her students very much, and her classmates like her very much, calling her "Liu Fang’s mother".

　　Zhou Libo (Liu Fang’s student): "Liu Fang’s mother" is a very kind and strong person. She is very kind to every student. She can find the bright spots in us. She teaches Chinese best. She moves us with her heart and influences us with love, which brings us a lot of fun and warmth. She is brave in the face of life and full of positive energy, which deeply affects us. Thanks to fate, I met such a good teacher. Besides my mother, she is the person I admire most.

　　Mao Yanhong (colleague of Liu Fang): Liu Fang is very thoughtful in teaching. She often gives us guidance in teaching methods and treatment of students. Her composition class is very distinctive. It’s really a pity that she can’t teach Chinese now. She has an open mind and a good attitude. She will lend a helping hand whenever her colleagues need help. She is charitable and enthusiastic about public welfare, and she is a person who takes pleasure in helping others.

　　CCTV News:Recently, COVID-19 vaccination for children aged 3-11 has been started, so which should be vaccinated first, influenza vaccine or COVID-19 vaccine? What problems should children pay attention to when they are vaccinated with COVID-19 vaccine? About vaccination, we know together.

　　There is no difference in the protective effect between children vaccinated with COVID-19 vaccine and adults

　　Is COVID-19 Vaccine Safe for Children?

　　Jiang Rongmeng, Vice President of beijing ditan hospital, Chief Physician of Infectious Diseases:The inactivated vaccine of Covid-19 produced in China has been carried out in clinical experiments on people aged 3-17. After evaluation and demonstration, it is safe to use inactivated vaccine of COVID-19 in people aged 3-17.

　　Is there any difference between the dose and dosage of Covid-19 vaccine for children and adults?

　　Jiang Rongmeng, Vice President of beijing ditan hospital, Chief Physician of Infectious Diseases:There is no difference in dosage, dosage and process between children vaccinated with inactivated Covid-19 vaccine and adults.

　　The interval between influenza vaccination and COVID-19 vaccination should be more than 14 days.

　　Should children get the flu vaccine or COVID-19 vaccine first?

　　Zhang Yuntao, Chairman of the Quality Committee of China Vaccine Association:You can get the flu at the same time when you hit COVID-19, but the interval must be greater than or equal to 14 days. At present, Covid-19 and the flu virus are different viruses, and there is no cross protection between them, so you must get the flu when you hit COVID-19.

　　Vaccination against influenza or COVID-19 vaccine is not recommended if you are catching a cold and coughing.

　　Can the child be vaccinated against COVID-19 or flu if he is allergic?

　　Xu Baoping, Director of Respiratory Department of Beijing Children’s Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University:The vast majority of children with allergies can be vaccinated, as long as they are not in the acute stage.

　　Jiang Rongmeng, Vice President of beijing ditan hospital, Chief Physician of Infectious Diseases:If you have symptoms such as fever, diarrhea, or cough, you should still suspend the vaccination of COVID-19 vaccine, including influenza vaccine, and wait until these symptoms disappear and relieve, then evaluate and make an appointment for vaccination.

　　Is it completely safe after vaccination?

　　Even if you are vaccinated with influenza vaccine or Covid-19 vaccine, you should stick to personal protection, and at the same time actively exercise and enhance your immune function.

　　Jiang Rongmeng, Vice President of beijing ditan hospital, Chief Physician of Infectious Diseases:It doesn’t mean that you won’t be infected after vaccination, so we should stick to these non-pharmaceutical and non-vaccine measures in our daily life, such as wearing masks, avoiding places where people gather, doing hand hygiene well, and not washing your hands and touching your eyes and nose, which is very important for us to prevent these respiratory virus infections.

CCTV News:Intensive care unit is the last line of defense to save the lives of critically ill patients in COVID-19. Doctors and nurses in the intensive care unit of Jinyintan Hospital in Wuhan have been fighting for 49 days since they received the related patients on December 29th last year.

At the 2020 Spring Festival Gala at the reception desk, hundreds of millions of viewers got to know this nurse in protective clothing. When they saw this nurse named Liu Hongjuan again after more than 20 days, she had just come out from work in the ward. Talking about the work scene shown on the Spring Festival Evening, Liu Hongjuan said that she was actually very tired at that time.

Liu Hongjuan, nurse in intensive care unit of Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital:At that time, the support people had not arrived, and our physical strength was in an overdraft state. I took care of three patients, and the patients’ condition was not very good. The air supply system on their backs was ten kilograms, and then they were busy. The patients had to be rescued, so they couldn’t take care of themselves.

Nurses who are busy in the intensive care unit have more than five years of experience. This job is dangerous and heavy. All 48 nurses have been working for a month and a half without a day off.

Qu Zhaohui, head nurse of intensive care unit of Jinyintan Hospital in Wuhan:Generally speaking, if you go in, you may stay in it for twenty or thirty minutes, and you will feel chest tightness and discomfort, but my nurse, she will stay for at least five to six hours, and the longest will stay for 10 to 12 hours. We are all the best nurses.

The best thing is not only technology, but also physical strength. It is still fast to pull up a 60-kg oxygen tank!

Song Jingyuan, nurse in intensive care unit of Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital:The patient uses high-flow oxygen, and the concentration needs to be very high. A can of oxygen can only be used for half an hour.A patient needs it one day.More than 20 bottles, nearly 30 bottles.

Nurses take turns in shifts and wait around critically ill patients 24 hours a day. Nurses carry out all the doctor’s orders, including basic nursing care for patients, such as turning over, patting back, sucking sputum, caring for gastric tubes, urinary tubes, arteriovenous catheters, thoracic and abdominal drainage tubes, etc., always paying attention to patients’ vital signs such as ECG, blood pressure, oxygen saturation, etc., in addition, they have to undertake life care such as feeding, nasal feeding, washing hair, cleaning urine and so on, and are often exhausted at the end of the day.

Lu Li, nurse in intensive care unit of Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital:After all, this is an infectious disease. Although we are wearing layers of protective clothing, it can protect us to a certain extent, but because it is closed inside the protective clothing, it will also affect our hearing, smell and sensitivity. In case we are not careful, we may be pricked by needles, contaminated by blood and body fluids, and then when we suck sputum or do other operations, there may be droplets splashing on our faces, which is actually quite dangerous.

On January 23rd, Wu Wenjuan, director of the intensive care unit, suffered from headache and fatigue due to staying up late and working hard. CT showed that there was a ground glass image in his lungs, and he was isolated and hospitalized. Although fully prepared for the virus infection, when I heard that Director Wu Wenjuan was suspected to be infected, all the people in the department inevitably experienced emotional fluctuations.

Ma Dan, nurse in intensive care unit of Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital:What if I get infected? Then my dad said, people always have to do something meaningful in this life, and when you look back when you are old, you will feel that you won’t have any regrets. He said that you should leave things at home alone, and then work hard and work with peace of mind.

All the medical staff silently withstood the pressure, and Ma Dan not only returned to his post, but also submitted an application for joining the Party.

Ma Dan, nurse in intensive care unit of Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital:If we don’t stick to our posts, then no one can do what we do, and no one will stick to it. We should move forward unswervingly.

Fortunately, after treatment, Director Wu Wenjuan quickly returned to work.

National Development and Investment Group Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as SDIC) vigorously promotes the construction of the equity director system, and makes great efforts to improve the system, build a good team and strengthen support, and strive to promote the board of directors of subsidiaries to play a good role in business decision-making and realize the high-quality development of enterprises.

Strengthening top-level design and consolidating the foundation of equity director system

Clarify the reform ideas. Based on the requirements of perfecting the modern enterprise system with China characteristics, combined with the actual management and control of state-owned capital investment companies, this paper explores the overall thinking and implementation path of the "11133" equity director system reform. That is to build a perfect management system of equity directors, build a team of full-time and part-time equity directors with good professional quality, strong decision-making ability and high comprehensive quality, establish a coordinated, professional and efficient support and guarantee mechanism for equity directors to perform their duties, promote the transformation of equity directors to specialization, professionalism and marketization, and be a good proponent of decision-making suggestions, a transmitter of major shareholders’ intentions and a promoter of enterprise development.

Improve the institutional system. According to the structure of "basic system+special system+work guidelines", a management system of equity directors is formed, which takes the Interim Measures for the Management of Equity Directors as the basic specification, the Interim Measures for the Management of Proposals and the Detailed Rules for the Work of Equity Directors as the procedural specification, and takes the Legal Guidelines for Performing Duties, the Compilation of Laws and Regulations for Performing Duties, the List of Legal Rights and Obligations and the Guidelines for Performing Duties as the operational guidance, so as to realize the selection and performance of personnel.

Pay close attention to system implementation. Establish a closed-loop mechanism of "evaluation-feedback-rectification" to ensure the implementation of the system. From the group headquarters, equity directors, subsidiaries and other three dimensions, the evaluation factor tables are compiled respectively. Through consulting the ledger, interviewing one by one, questionnaire survey, discussion and exchange, etc., the implementation of the relevant system of equity directors management in subsidiaries is evaluated regularly, so as to fully understand the performance guarantee of equity directors in subsidiaries, find out the existing problems, and ensure the implementation of the system in place and continuously improve the service level of equity directors’ performance guarantee through feedback notification and supervision and rectification.

Focus on perfecting the mechanism and strengthening the construction of the team of equity directors

Continuously optimize the structure. Adhere to the selection of the best, in accordance with the principles of matching the best, penetrating the post, matching people and posts, being active and steady, based on the functional orientation and business characteristics of state-owned capital investment companies, adhere to the coexistence of full-time and part-time jobs, and gradually form a pattern of full-time as the mainstay and part-time as the supplement. Appropriately increase the number of young, high-quality and compound full-time equity directors, enrich the team of full-time equity directors, reverse the traditional impression that full-time equity directors are old and second-line, and promote the full play of full-time equity directors. Up to now, there are 43 equity directors in the headquarters, including 12 full-time equity directors and 31 part-time equity directors, who are generally transferred from the director-level leaders of the headquarters department or the chairman and general manager of subsidiaries. The average age of full-time equity directors is 54, and the youngest is 45.

Insist on selecting the best and matching the strong. According to the board structure of subsidiaries and the allocation of directors’ seats, and in combination with the actual situation of subsidiaries, the "Selection Scheme for Full-time Equity Directors of the Company in 2021-2022" was formulated to clarify the requirements for the allocation of equity directors. According to their biographical background, equity directors are divided into two categories: business management and professional management. The business management category refers to those who are familiar with and have experience in enterprise operation, while the professional management category mainly refers to those who have experience in strategic investment, operation management, financial auditing, risk compliance and other fields (such as manpower, the party and the masses). On the basis of clarifying the allocation principle of "at least one full-time equity director for each subsidiary", the reform, development and business management needs of subsidiaries are comprehensively considered. In order to give full play to the supporting and empowering role of the headquarters of state-owned capital investment companies, investment enterprises that have strategic support or significant profit contribution to the development of the group are managed as important investment enterprises, and "list management" and dynamic adjustment are implemented. On the premise that the relationship between enterprise equity and management remains unchanged, the headquarters appoints not less than one-third of the directors.

Innovative performance training. In order to improve the performance ability of equity directors, this paper systematically sorts out the eight key qualities that equity directors should possess, and constructs a general competency model composed of four key qualities: cooperative communication, compliance and responsibility, analysis and judgment, and strategic decision-making, and a professional competency model composed of four key qualities: financial analysis, risk control, investment ability and supervision. On this basis, we should adhere to both "going out" and "bringing in", pay equal attention to professional knowledge and practical experience, and synchronize market practices and management requirements, and innovatively design a training course system for improving the performance ability of equity directors, which consists of two modules: theoretical study and performance practice. Theoretical learning modules include professional courses such as strategic development, financial management, risk control, investment merger and acquisition, personnel management, and governance control courses such as corporate governance and state-owned enterprise reform; The practice module of duty performance includes special learning courses such as industry frontier and company system, and experience exchange courses such as directors’ duty performance. Set up a discussion and exchange platform "Directors’ Exchange" for equity directors, organize "face-to-face" discussion and "close communication" between equity directors and outstanding peers outside the group, such as Central Huijin Company, by means of irregular seminars, theme training and internal and external exchanges, and exchange professional experience closely around practical issues, so as to achieve the expected effect of learning from experience, broadening horizons and inspiring ideas, and effectively improve the performance ability of equity directors.

Strengthen the performance of duties. On the basis of clarifying the rights and responsibilities of equity directors, we will explore the "2+2+1" working mechanism that runs through the decision-making process to further standardize the rights and responsibilities of equity directors. Establish two mechanisms: communication and coordination between the leaders before decision-making and regular meetings of equity directors, with full-time equity directors as the leaders to do internal communication, and organize equity directors to understand the company’s requirements, exchange their performance experiences and study major issues through regular meetings. Improve the two mechanisms of full-time equity directors’ participation and investigation in decision-making, clarify the requirements of participation scope, quantity and quality of investigation reports, and promote full-time equity directors to understand the enterprise situation in a timely and in-depth manner. Improve the reporting mechanism after decision-making, clarify the submission process and specific requirements of special reports, research reports, research reports and debriefing reports, smooth reporting channels, and protect the company’s right to know.

Strengthen incentives and constraints. Improve the assessment indicators of full-time equity directors, refine the performance tasks of full-time equity directors into assessment contents, expand the assessment subjects, optimize the assessment weights, and highlight performance orientation. The assessment subjects include the relevant leaders of the party group (with a weight of 20%), the centralized management department of equity directors (with a weight of 15%), the human resources department and other five related departments (with a weight of 15%), the board members of the subsidiaries (with a weight of 30%), the members of the board of supervisors (with a weight of 10%) and the members of the management team (with a weight of 10%). Adhere to tolerance and correction at the same time, set up a fault-tolerant mechanism, clarify the circumstances of lighter, mitigated or exempted treatment while strictly investigating the responsibility, and create a good environment for equity directors to actively perform their duties.

Highlight system linkage and strengthen the performance guarantee of equity directors

Standardize the management of bills. Prepare the reference list and proposal document template for consideration by the board of directors of subsidiary enterprises, and promote the standardization of proposal management of subsidiary enterprises. Through the pilot of state-owned capital investment companies, we will vigorously promote the classification and authorization of "one enterprise and one policy" and clarify the boundaries of powers and responsibilities between parent and subsidiary companies. On this basis, further standardize the motion management process of the board of directors of subsidiaries. Divide the motions of the board of directors of subsidiaries into major issues and general issues. For major issues (that is, the matters involved in the motions need to be reported to the headquarters for decision-making), embed full-time equity directors into the company’s OA approval process. While ensuring the company’s decision-making power on major issues, the full-time equity directors are guaranteed to express their independent opinions in the company’s approval process, and the full-time equity directors are fully mobilized to perform their duties. The full-time equity directors participate in the voting according to the final decision of the headquarters. For the general matters proposal (that is, the matters involved in the proposal authorize the subsidiary enterprises to make decisions), the professional role of full-time equity directors should be given full play, and they should make decisions independently and be responsible for themselves, thus shortening the decision-making chain and improving the decision-making efficiency.

Strengthen support and guarantee. To achieve "three clarifications", that is, to clarify the responsibilities of the relevant functional departments of the company to provide professional support, to provide a path for equity directors to seek professional support, and to carry out timely publicity training for important systems or major special actions that need to be implemented by equity directors in performing their duties; Clarify the scope, requirements and specific processes of information sharing between companies and subsidiaries to equity directors, and share information on the operation and management of subsidiaries with equity directors through e-mail and opening information system accounts, so as to fully protect equity directors’ right to know; It is clear that the subsidiaries submit the important meeting plan of this year to the equity directors in the first quarter of each year, assist the full-time equity directors to formulate the annual research plan, designate special departments and personnel to provide service guarantee for the equity directors to perform their duties, timely implement the work requirements put forward by the equity directors, and do a thorough, detailed and practical job of supporting and ensuring the performance of the equity directors.

Facilitate the performance of duties. The information system for the management of equity directors is developed, which includes six modules: duty management, training management, investigation management, report management, board attendance management and professional support. It comprehensively covers management services such as duty performance, attendance, training, investigation, reports, proposals and professional support of equity directors, and realizes timely updating of duty performance information, checking duty performance data at any time and online handling of duty performance matters, thus promoting the information management of the whole process of duty performance of equity directors. In order to make it easier for equity directors, especially newly-appointed equity directors, to quickly understand and master the management requirements of the company and enter the state of performing their duties as soon as possible, the Guide for Equity Directors’ Performance of Duties was compiled, and at the same time, the relevant system documents and auxiliary materials for equity directors’ performance of duties were summarized and formed, making it convenient for equity directors to refer to and use at any time, realizing "one box in hand and performing their duties without worry", which greatly facilitated the effective work of equity directors.

[Editor: Wang Zhanchao]

　　In 2023, China’s economy, which has experienced storms, has strengthened its physique and bones, and it has given off new vitality in its steady and far-reaching development.

　　Looking back on last year, what was the gold content of China’s economy?

　　Looking forward to the new year, where does China’s economic confidence come from?

　　We found the answer from this heavy report card — —

　　On January 17, 2024, the National Bureau of Statistics released the main data of national economic operation in 2023. In this year-end report card, China’s economy has made remarkable contributions to global economic growth; In the good data, there is a solid foundation for China’s economy to develop further to high quality; In the record of innovation and breakthrough, there is unlimited potential for China’s economy to achieve good results again. Since January 17th, the Financial Program Center has launched a series of reports, "From the data, it is getting better". From this report card with good quality and sufficient weight, it "counts" the confidence of China’s economy to move forward steadily in the process of high-quality development.

　　In 2023, China’s GDP growth rate was 5.2%, and the economy rebounded for the whole year.

　　Interpretation of China’s economic performance, GDP, that is, gross domestic product, is an important observation index. 5.2%, which is the most concerned GDP growth rate in the report card of China’s economic operation in 2023 released on 17th. China’s total economic output reached 126,058.2 billion yuan. In the first quarter, GDP increased by 4.5% year-on-year, 6.3% in the second quarter, 4.9% in the third quarter and 5.2% in the fourth quarter.

　　Director of the National Bureau of Statistics Kang Yi:It can be said that the performance of China’s economy in the past year is to hand over a report card with good quality and sufficient weight. In 2023, with the downturn of the world economy, the complex evolution of the international pattern and frequent geopolitical conflicts, the complexity, severity and uncertainty of the external environment we are facing are rising, and there are many cyclical structural contradictions in China and frequent natural disasters. Under such complicated circumstances, it is even more commendable to achieve such development achievements.

　　China’s contribution to global economic growth is about one third.

　　According to the forecast of the International Monetary Fund, the contribution rate of China’s economic growth rate of 5.2% to global economic growth will be around 30%, that is to say, China’s economy will continue to be an important engine of global stable growth.

　　According to the World Bank’s forecast of GDP and growth rate of major economies in 2023, China’s economic growth will be about 1.5 times that of the United States and 16.5 times that of the euro zone. From the perspective of contribution rate to world economic growth, in 2023, China will have more than America, Europe and Japan combined.

　　Hideki Ito, Principal Researcher of Mizuho Bank China Co., Ltd.:China’s economic growth of 5.2% is equivalent to the combined GDP of Thailand and Viet Nam. China has made great contributions to the world economy. With the expansion of exports and the growth of domestic demand, the dividend of China’s economic growth will spread to the global economy.

　　China, as the second largest economy in the world, has formed a good and stable fundamentals in its long-term development. Japanese Omron Health Medical Company, which entered the China market 30 years ago, has increased its sales in China by about four times in 2010. Last August, their R&D and production base expanded in Dalian with an investment of 300 million yuan was successfully completed.

　　Like Omron, many large Japanese companies are also increasing their investment in China. According to Japanese media reports, Matsushita Electric will invest more than 50 billion yen in China to build or expand more than 10 factories in the three years to March 2025; Todo, a Japanese bathroom brand, also plans to build a new factory in the suburbs of Dalian, with an estimated investment of tens of billions of yen, which will be put into production as soon as 2026. In addition, Daikin’s new air conditioning plant in Guangdong will also be put into operation in October this year.

　　In 2023, the total retail sales of social consumer goods increased by 7.2%.

　　In 2023, the total retail sales of social consumer goods reached 47,149.5 billion yuan, an increase of 7.2% over the previous year, reaching a record high. The contribution rate to economic growth reached 82.5%. Consumption has become the main driving force of economic growth again. One of the most striking is the rapid recovery of tourism. Whether it is Zibo, Shandong Province, which made a name for itself in the first half of the year, or Harbin, which is famous for its pet customers and powder at the end of the year, all show the strong driving force of tourism consumption in the past year.

　　During the New Year’s Day holiday this year, Harbin Ice and Snow World received 163,200 tourists, a year-on-year increase of 435%, a record high. The local Mattel popsicles sold 100,000 pieces in three days. Now, the "Erbin" fever is still going on, and the number of tourists on the Central Street will exceed 400,000 every day; A small fried cake stall sells nearly 8000 fried cakes every day. The consumption heat in the ice and snow season, ignited by the "Erbin pet mode", quickly spread to more places. During the New Year holiday, Heilongjiang Province received a total of 6.619 million tourists, an increase of 173.7% over last year. Southerners go skiing in the north and northerners go south to avoid the cold, which has become a new hot spot in tourism. A series of cultural and tourism parties that go from north to south and are linked in many places have further released strong tourism consumption potential.

　　In 2023, the per capita disposable income of national residents increased by 5.3%, of which the per capita disposable income of rural residents increased by 5.7%. Jiang Zhixiang is a photographer in Qianjiang, Hubei Province. In the past year, he recorded 60 weddings with his lens, witnessing the happy little days of the villagers and the new scene of rural consumption. This year, Jiang Zhixiang bought a house through his own efforts. He admitted that he was full of confidence in the prospects of his career when he saw the new changes in the rural landscape.

　　In 2023, the growth rate of electricity consumption in the whole society exceeded 6%

　　Electricity consumption data is a barometer of national economic operation. The reporter learned from the China Electricity Council that the growth rate of electricity consumption in the whole society in 2023 was 6.7%. Among them, the electricity consumption of business services, wholesale and retail, accommodation and catering industries has obviously recovered, with a year-on-year growth rate of over 13%. The rapid development of the electric vehicle industry has boosted the electricity consumption of the charging and replacing service industry by over 70% year-on-year.

　　In 2023, China’s "new three" products, such as new energy vehicles, lithium batteries and solar cells, exported a total of 1.06 trillion yuan, exceeding the trillion mark for the first time, with an increase of 29.9%.

　　The equipment manufacturing industry is the heavy weapon of the country and an important part of the real economy. Since 2023, a number of domestic high-end equipment have made breakthroughs in succession, and big countries have frequently "upgraded". The first large domestic cruise ship, Ada? The Modu is currently sailing in the East China Sea. This large domestic cruise ship has successfully completed three commercial voyages since it officially started commercial operation on January 1. Ada? Captain Modu said: "We have tested the limits of everything, our engine and stability. We are very, very confident. It is very stable and very powerful. This means that even in stormy weather or bad weather, the ship is still very stable. "

　　"Ada? The "Modu" cruise ship is currently running at a frequency of 6 to 7 voyages per month, with tickets ranging from 2,000 to 3,000 yuan to more than 10,000 yuan. All the voyage tickets before the Spring Festival have been sold out. In Ida? At the same time that the cruise ship Modu started another voyage, the design scheme of the second domestic large-scale cruise ship called "No.2" is also progressing steadily, and construction has started. The person in charge of the design told the reporter that the "No.2 Ship" with detailed design from 2021 will become Ada? The sister ship of Modu, but with longer length and larger displacement.

　　In 2023, China’s total annual import and export of goods was 41.76 trillion yuan.

　　In 2023, the total import and export volume of goods in China was 41.76 trillion yuan, an increase of 0.2% over 2022. In global trade, cross-border e-commerce has become a new force. According to the latest statistics of the General Administration of Customs, in 2023, the import and export of cross-border e-commerce in China was 2.38 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 15.6%.

　　According to industry insiders, with the rise of new formats such as independent station, cross-border live broadcast and full custody, more and more China enterprises, especially manufacturing enterprises with innovative and iterative capabilities, are selling their products to all parts of the world through cross-border e-commerce platforms.

　　According to the data of Shenzhen Municipal Bureau of Commerce, the number of cross-border e-commerce export enterprises in Shenzhen has exceeded 150,000. In 2023, the import and export volume of cross-border e-commerce in Shenzhen reached 326.53 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 74.4%. Driven by cross-border e-commerce, the shipments of many cross-border logistics enterprises in 2023 also reached a record high.

　　According to the latest data from China Federation of Logistics and Purchasing, China’s logistics market will resume growth in 2023. It is estimated that the total social logistics volume will reach 350 trillion yuan in 2023, and the express delivery business volume will reach 132 billion pieces, ranking first in the world for ten consecutive years. The national railway delivered 3.91 billion tons of goods, a record high. Wu Shidan, co-founder and chief marketing officer of a logistics company in Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, said: "Our overall LCL volume in 2023 was 14,000 cabinets, with an average LCL volume of 1,200 pieces a month, which increased by 39% compared with 2022 and tripled compared with 2019. This can be said to be the highest record set by our company since its establishment 13 years ago. "

　　As another heavy special report since the opening of the financial program center of the general station, the series of reports "Looking back from the data" found the answer to China’s sustained economic recovery from solid data; From a real order, I saw the proof that the world is optimistic about China; On the accelerated track, it witnessed the steady and positive momentum of China’s economy.

　　Looking forward to 2024, China’s economy will still be full of confidence and the pace towards high-quality development will be more firm.