分类： fdg

Players from both sides fought for it in the game.

After nearly two years of dominating English football, Liverpool and klopp have suffered the biggest crisis so far.

After losing 0-1 to Burnley in the league, Liverpool lost 2-3 to arch-rival Manchester United in the "Double Red Club" in the early morning of 25th, and missed the fifth round of the FA Cup.

In Asian football, South Korean star Sun Xingyu, who plays for Tottenham Hotspur, was elected as the best overseas player in Asia in 2020. In this selection, no player from China made the list.

In the 78th minute, B Fei scored a fatal blow with a free kick.

B cost a fatal blow, Manchester United eliminated Liverpool in the FA Cup.

In the early morning of 25th, the fourth round of the FA Cup in 2020-2021 was a focus battle. Manchester United played against Liverpool at Old Trafford. Although Salah scored twice, it still could not prevent Liverpool from being eliminated by Manchester United 3-2.

The two sides had a confrontation in the league a week ago, when they played 0-0, which meant that Manchester United had been unbeaten in five games against Liverpool, creating the longest unbeaten record since 2002.

It is worth mentioning that Liverpool’s memory at Old Trafford is not good either-the last time they won the "Double Red Club" was in March 2014, and after klopp coached Liverpool, he was 4 draws and 1 loss at Manchester United, and the winning percentage was zero.

In the 18th minute, Salah took the lead, and then Manchester United relied on Greenwood and Rachford to win two cities in a row. In the 58th minute, Salah scored the second goal, which brought the two sides back to the same starting line. In the 78th minute, B took a free kick to complete the fatal blow.

After the game, Liverpool manager klopp was very depressed.

According to the data, Manchester United controlled the ball 41% better than Liverpool 59%, shot 14-14, and shot right 6-6 … It can be seen that the scenes of the two sides were neck and neck, but Manchester United finally seized the opportunity.

This victory is of great significance to Manchester United. Apart from eliminating Liverpool, Manchester United also won the first victory against the "BIG6" team this season, which is also the first time Ole Gunnar Solskjaer has defeated Liverpool in various competitions since he took over Manchester United.

In contrast, Liverpool was in a bad situation. The league lost to Burnley 0-1, and the FA Cup was planted at Manchester United’s feet. It lost two games in three days-the FA Cup trip ended ahead of schedule, and it also fell behind the leader Manchester United by as much as 6 points.

Sun Xingyu is currently ranked second in the Premier League scorer list.

Sun Xingyu won the best overseas player of AFC.

On the 24th, the AFC officially announced that Sun Xingyu, a South Korean player who plays for Tottenham Hotspur, was elected as the best overseas player in Asia in 2020.

This is the fourth time that Sun Xingyu has won this honor, and it is also a successful re-election after 2019. China players were not selected.

The best overseas player of AFC is to recognize the performance of Asian male players registered in professional clubs outside AFC in clubs and national teams. Before this award, Sun Xingyu was already the winner of the best international player in the three Asian Football Associations, in 2015, 2017 and 2019 respectively.

In addition to winning the AFC Best Overseas Player Award, Sun Xingyu also won the Best Player of Tottenham last season and the 2020 Korean Footballer of the Year in 2020, and became the second Asian player to win the FIFA Republika Srpska Award.

In a year, Koreans scored 22 goals for Tottenham in various competitions, which can be described as the absolute "thigh" of the team.

In 2021, Sun Xingyu is still in a hot state in Tottenham. Just as Tottenham beat Sheffield United 3-1 in the Premier League in the last round, Koreans kicked a corner to assist hollier to score.

After harvesting assists, Sun Xingyi has directly participated in 100 goals in the Premier League, including 65 goals and 35 assists. He is also the first Asian player to achieve this achievement.

C Ronaldo didn’t get much support from his teammates in this game.

Juventus won Serie A 2-0 and Cristiano Ronaldo contributed assists.

On the evening of 24th, Juventus beat Bologna 2-0 in Serie A, and Cristiano Ronaldo sent an assist, but it was difficult for the Portuguese to be satisfied with their teammates in the whole game.

In the 15th minute, Cristiano Ronaldo assisted Artur to take the lead, and he looked in good shape. Later, cuadrado recklessly chose to hit the door twice when Cristiano Ronaldo ran out of the vacancy, which made him fall into the embarrassment of "running with him".

Especially in the 32nd minute, after cuadrado entered the restricted area, he was surrounded by three defenders, but he turned a blind eye to Cristiano Ronaldo, who was in a better position and was unmarked …

Seeing that his teammates didn’t want to pass the ball, Cristiano Ronaldo simply instigated the attack himself-in the 74th minute, Cristiano Ronaldo took the ball on the left side of the penalty area, and after facing two defenders, he made a sharp cross and gave it to mckenney, who was unguarded in the penalty area. The latter was less than two meters away from the goal, but he kicked it strangely.

In a relatively easy game, it is a pity that Cristiano Ronaldo failed to continue to expand his advantage in the top scorer list.

Fortunately, this round of AC Milan lost and Inter Milan drew, and Juventus caught up with the leader in the standings. At present, it is 7 points behind the leader AC Milan with one game less.

After the game, Cristiano Ronaldo also INS said: "Very important victory! We are on the right track and keep it up! "

Abraham (second from left) performed a hat trick.

Werner missed and Chelsea advanced 3-1 in the FA Cup.

On the evening of 24th, Chelsea beat Luton 3-1 at home in the FA Cup and advanced to the last 16. Abraham scored a hat trick in this game, while Werner was saved from a penalty.

There is no doubt that this game belongs to Abraham’s personal show. In the first half, he kicked twice on the top of his head. Although Luton pulled back a goal by Clark, in the second half, Abraham pushed and shot in the penalty area to seal the victory.

According to OPTA statistics, the last Chelsea player who scored a hat trick in the FA Cup was the 2016 Oscar (currently playing for Shanghai Super League); The last English player to wear a hat in the FA Cup was the current coach of Abraham-Lampard (January 2007).

While Abraham was performing to his heart’s content, Werner was somewhat disappointed-the German striker created a penalty in the 85th minute, but he personally took the penalty and was bravely saved by Sluga.

In terms of scoring after the game, Abraham who scored a hat trick scored a game-high 9.6 points, while Werner who missed the penalty only scored 6.1 points.

This victory has not lifted the crisis of Chelsea coach Lampard’s coaching position. According to British media, Chelsea executives have made contact with former Paris Saint-Germain coach tuchel; In addition, the famous Italian coach allegri is also a potential candidate.

According to the voting statistics of local media in London, only 29% of the fans choose to support Lampard to stay in office, while the remaining 71% all think that Lampard should be dismissed immediately.

West Thermal River completely dominated the game.

West Thermal Power River recorded 10 three points and 13 assists, and the director reversed.

On the evening of 24th, in the match between Jilin and Tongxi in CBA, Tongxi team once fell behind by as much as 20 points, but Xire Lijiang hit 10 three-pointers and scored 34 points, which saved the day by his own efforts. In the end, Tongxi defeated Jilin with a 125-122 reversal and won two consecutive victories.

At the beginning of the game, Tongxi team obviously didn’t adapt to the strength of Jilin team. By the second quarter, it was 20 points behind 37-57. At the crucial moment, the West Thermal River broke out in time and hit 3-pointers four times. Although Tongxi was still 13 points behind Jilin at the end of half-time, it kept the suspense of the game.

In the second half, Xi Rejiang continued to show off, hitting 3 points frequently and sending out assists. In the last minute and 50 seconds of the game, the two teams tied at 117, and Xi Re hit a three-pointer to let Tongxi lead again. Four seconds before the end, Xi Re, who was sent to the free throw line, hit two free throws to let Tongxi hold a three-pointer lead.

In this campaign, Xi Rejiang scored 34 points, 4 rebounds and 13 assists, including 10 of 19 3-pointers, which tied the record of 3-pointers hit by active local players in a single game.

In the last round of competition, Xire Lijiang also hit 7 3 points, which surpassed Mengda and rose to the fifth place in the three-point list of CBA history. This season, West Thermal Power River has hit a total of 112 three-pointers, ranking first in the league.

Air crash site.

There was another air crash in Brazil, and four players of the lower-level team were killed.

On November 29th, 2016, Sharpe Corns Club in Brazil suffered an air crash. As a result of the plane crash, 71 of the 77 people on board died, including 19 players. Today, Brazilian football has once again staged a tragedy of air crash.

On the 24th local time, a small plane crashed in Tocantins, killing six people on board. Among these six people, one is a pilot and the other five are from the low-level team Palmas.

These five people are President Mera, goalkeeper Ranule, left-back Prak Soders, central defender Guilherme and midfielder Molinari.

According to the original plan, Palmas, the five people, will take this small plane to go to Iania to take part in the war with villanova. After the air crash, villanova Club announced that it agreed to postpone the match that was supposed to start on Monday.

The cause of the air crash in Palmas is still under investigation, and major Brazilian football clubs have also issued statements to express their condolences to Palmas Club.

Original Joshua Sokol Jizhi Club

introduction

"It’s hard to extinguish the lights when the rain blows, and the wind blows more brightly. If you fly up, it will be a moon star. " A poem "Ode to Fireflies" by Li Bai shows his infinite reverie of comparing fireflies to starlight. When it comes to fireflies, we may think of the starlight in the shade on a summer night, or the shimmer among the quiet treetops. Have you ever been curious about this kind of creature that gleams slightly? What are the mechanisms and laws behind their flashing? Recently, Orit Peleg, a computational biologist from the University of Colorado, and his team independently developed a high-precision 360-degree camera and triangulation method, which clearly recorded the flash data of different firefly species scattered everywhere. Through these data, Peleg discovered the mystery of synchronous flashing of fireflies of specific species, and also recorded the strange synchronous state that is rare in nature.

Research areas: synchronization, self-organization, group behavior, emergence.

Joshua Sokol | Author

Niu xiaojie | translator

Deng Yixue | Editor

1. Synchronous flashing fireflies

In Japanese folk tradition, fireflies symbolize the departed soul or silent and surging love; In some indigenous cultures in the Andes of Peru, it is regarded as the eye of the ghost; In all kinds of western cultures, fireflies and other luminous insects have been associated with dazzling metaphors, and even these metaphors are contradictory: childhood, crops, bad luck, elves, fear, pastoral, love, luck, death, fornication, summer solstice, stars, words (Stefan Ineichen, 2016) …

Physicists pay attention to fireflies for the same mysterious reason: records show that among more than 2,200 firefly species scattered around the world, a few have the ability to blink synchronously. In Malaysia and Thailand, mangroves covered with fireflies will flash with the beat like Christmas lights; Every summer in Appalachia, fields and forests will be rippling with fluorescent waves that look a little gloomy. In addition to attracting fireflies’ spouses and a large number of viewers, this fluorescent performance show also inspired human beings’ initial attempt to explain the phenomenon of synchronization-that is, the alchemy of magical synergy from very simple elements. In ancient Europe, fireflies were once called "alchemists" because they could shine: perhaps they didn’t really turn other metals into gold, but they did create light strangely. )

Orit Peleg remembers her first encounter with fireflies. It was in the textbook of Nonlinear Dynamics and Chaos (written by mathematician Steven Strogatz) that she used, and fireflies appeared as one of the examples of "how to synchronize simple systems". At that time, Peleg had never even seen fireflies, which were not common in her hometown of Israel.

"It’s so beautiful that I can’t forget it even after many years." But when Peleg tried to apply computational methods to biological research at the University of Colorado and Santa Fe Institute, she found that although fireflies inspired many mathematical studies, there were few quantitative data describing the actual actions of insects.

Orit Peleg (left), a computational biologist at the University of Colorado, and Raphaël Sarfati, a postdoctoral fellow in her laboratory, have developed a complex system for capturing high-resolution data about firefly flashes in the wild. | Source: Glenn Asakawa

So she began to solve the problem. In the past two years, a series of papers in Peleg laboratory have collected synchronous data of multiple firefly species in multiple locations, and the clarity is much higher than that of previous biologists. Bard Ermentrout, a mathematical biologist at the University of Pittsburgh, described these research results as "quite surprising"; "I was shocked," said Andrew Moiseff, a biologist at the University of Connecticut.

The paper shows that the real firefly group behavior is not as idealized as in periodicals and textbooks for decades. For example, almost all models of firefly synchronization assume that each firefly has its own "metronome". However, the preprint released by Peleg Lab in March this year shows that not all fireflies have their own metronomes. For fireflies without metronome, the collective beat will only appear when many fireflies gather (Sarfati, R. et al., 2022). In addition, Peleg also recorded a rare type of synchronization [1], which mathematicians call "chimera state". In reality, unless it is a well-designed experiment, this type of synchronization is almost never observed in the natural state (Bansal, K. et al.).

Biologists hope to find new ways to reshape the science of fireflies and call for their protection. At the same time, when mathematicians try to construct synchronization theory similar to that in Steven Strogatz’s textbook, there is not much feedback from synchronous creatures such as fireflies to get real data. "This is a big breakthrough," said Strogatz, a professor of mathematics at Cornell University. "Now we can start trying to get through the obstacles between biologists and mathematicians about fireflies."

2. Synchronization evidence that is difficult to capture

For centuries, the record of firefly synchronization in Southeast Asia has gradually penetrated into the western scientific context. In Malaysia, fireflies called kelip-kelip (flashing onomatopoeia) can live in groups in trees by the river. In 1857, a British diplomat who was traveling in Thailand wrote: "They echo each other, and the light flashes and goes out. In an instant, every leaf and branch was decorated with a diamond-like fire. " （Gudger, E. W., 1919）。

Not everyone can agree with these records. In 1917, in a letter to Science magazine, someone objected: "It is against the laws of nature that such a phenomenon occurs in insects." He believes that this seemingly obvious synchronization effect is caused by the viewer’s involuntary blinking. However, in 1960s, this fact, which had long been known by local people in mangrove swamps, was confirmed by firefly researchers through quantitative analysis.

The firefly of Photinus carolinus species is one of the few known species that flash synchronously. This photo of fireflies is composed of several 30-second shutter exposure photos. | photography: Jason Gambone

A similar scene was staged in the 1990s, when Lynn Faust, a naturalist in Tennessee, read the confident assertion of Jon Copeland, a scientist, that "there are no synchronized fireflies in North America". Faust knew at that time that what he had observed in the nearby Woods for decades was remarkable.

Faust invited Copeland and Moiseff (collaborators) to see a species called Photinus carolinus (P. carolinus) in the Great Smoky Mountains. Male fireflies are filled with forests and open spaces, suspended at a height similar to that of human beings. These fireflies are not intensive cooperative flashes, but give off a quick flash in a few seconds, then keep quiet for several times this time, and then make the next quick flash. Imagine a similar scene in which a group of paparazzi are waiting for a star to appear. They just take a series of photos quickly every time a star appears, and then fiddle with their fingers in their spare time.

Copeland and Moiseff’s research shows that a single P. carolinus firefly does try to flash with fireflies or LED lights in a nearby jar. The team also placed high-sensitivity cameras on the edge of surrounding fields and forest clearing to record flashes. Copeland looked at the video frame by frame and calculated the number of fireflies shining at each moment. The statistical results show that the fireflies in the field of view of the camera do flash at regular and interrelated time intervals.

Twenty years later, Peleg and her postdoctoral physicist Raphaël Sarfati had better technology to collect firefly data. They designed an image capture system consisting of two GoPro cameras separated by several feet. These cameras can shoot 360-degree videos, so they can capture the dynamics of fireflies from the inside rather than just from the side. The method of calculating firefly flash is no longer frame by frame by hand, but an algorithm developed by Sarfati-recording the flash time and three-dimensional spatial position by triangulation of firefly flash.

In June 2019, Sarfati brought this capture system into the field for the first time in Tennessee to find P. carolinus fireflies. Before that, he had imagined a dense picture similar to the synchronized flashing of fireflies in Asia, but the scene in Tennessee was even more chaotic. This was the first time he saw this scene with his own eyes-there were as many as 8 rapid flashes in about 4 seconds, repeated every 12 seconds. But this chaos is exciting. As a physicist, Sarfati thinks that a highly fluctuating system is more informative than an orderly system. He said: "It’s complicated, even chaotic, but very beautiful."

3. Random and echoing flashes

When Peleg studied firefly synchronization in college, she first understood this phenomenon through the Kuramoto model established by Japanese physicist Yoshiki Kuramoto based on the early work of theoretical biologist Art Winfree. It is the originator of explaining the mathematical mechanism of synchronization phenomenon, and it can be used to describe the synchronization phenomenon in both human cardiac pacing cells and alternating current.

In general, the synchronization system model needs to describe two processes. One is the dynamics of isolated individuals. That is, if there is only one lonely firefly in the jar, how does its own physiological structure and behavior rules determine its flash? The other is what mathematicians call coupling, that is, how the flash of one firefly affects the flash behavior of other fireflies adjacent to it. With the ingenious combination of these two processes, the noise from different fireflies can be quickly adjusted into a neat chorus.

Yoshiki Kuramoto, a professor of physics at Kyoto University, established the most famous synchronization model in 1970s, and jointly discovered chimera state in 2001. | Source: Tomoaki Sukezane

In the Tibetan model, each firefly is regarded as a vibrator with an inherent preference for rhythm. Imagine: there is a hidden pendulum in the firefly that swings steadily, and the firefly flashes every time the pendulum sweeps its arc bottom. Suppose it will move its pendulum forward or backward a little after seeing the flash of a nearby firefly. Even if fireflies are unsynchronized at first, or their preferred internal rhythms are different, in this model, the last group tends to converge on a coordinated flashing pattern.

Over the years, there have been several variants of this model, and each variant has adjusted the rules of internal dynamics and coupling process. In 1990, Strogatz and his colleague Rennie Mirollo at Boston College proved that if a group of simple firefly-like oscillators are related to each other, they will almost always synchronize regardless of the number. In the second year, Barderment Trout described the process of synchronization of Pteroptyx malaccae firefly population in Southeast Asia by accelerating or slowing down the internal oscillation frequency. Just in 2018, the research team of Gonzalo Marcelo Ramírez-Ávila of San Andreas University designed a more complicated mechanism: fireflies switch back and forth between "charging" and "discharging" States, and they will flash during the process.

However, when Peleg and Sarfati’s cameras started capturing 3D data from Photinus carolinus fireflies in 2019, their analysis revealed a new pattern.

One of them is to confirm what Faust and other firefly biologists have mentioned for a long time: a bunch of flashes often start in one place and then cascade and spread in the forest at a speed of half a meter per second. This contagious ripple shows that the coupling of fireflies is neither global (the whole group is related) nor purely local (each firefly only cares about its neighbors). On the contrary, fireflies seem to pay attention to other fireflies at different distances. Sarfati said that this may be because fireflies can only see flashes that occur in a continuous line of sight, while in forests, vegetation often blocks their sight.

P. carolinus fireflies do not seem to meet the core premise of the Tibetan model: unlike Southeast Asian fireflies, P. carolinus fireflies in Tennessee do not have such a cycle. When Peleg and Sarfati put a P. carolinus firefly in the tent, it flashed randomly and didn’t follow any beat. "Sometimes it flashes after waiting for a few seconds, and sometimes it waits for a few minutes," Strogatz said. "This is beyond the scope of existing models."

However, once the research team put in more than 15 P. carolinus fireflies, the swarm in the whole tent showed a collective flash with an interval of several tens of seconds. This synchronization and periodicity is only the result of firefly aggregation. In order to find out how this happened, Peleg’s team asked physicists Srividya Iyer-Biswas from Purdue University and Santa Fe Institute. Soon, Kunaal Joshi, a doctoral student at Iyer-Biswas, analyzed the data they collected on the spot and developed a new periodic emergence model. The detailed paper has been uploaded to the preprint (Sarfati, R., 2022).

Topic: Emergency Periodicity in the Collective Synchronous Flashing of Fireflies.

Address: https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.03.09.483608v1.

Imagine a lonely firefly flashing and following the rules: if it is sealed now, it will wait for a random time interval and then flash again. However, fireflies need to "charge" their light organs, so there is a shortest waiting time (recovery period). It is also easily influenced by its peers: if it sees another firefly flashing, it will flash immediately as long as its physical conditions permit.

Merrill Sherman/ cartography, translated by Niu Xiaojie/.

If there is a large firefly in the silent darkness now, it will be followed by a flash. Each firefly randomly chose a waiting time longer than the recovery period. However, whoever flashes first will inspire all other fireflies to flash immediately. Every time the environment gets dark, the whole process repeats itself. With the increase in the number of fireflies, at least one firefly will randomly choose to flash again when the body allows, which will trigger other fireflies to flash. Therefore, the time between two flashes will be shortened to the recovery period. Researchers who carefully observe this scene will see a stable group rhythm: that is, from flash to darkness, and then suddenly flash from darkness.

Peleg’s second preprint found another peculiar pattern (Sarfati, R., & Peleg, O. ,2022). In Congari National Park, South Carolina, when her team used equipment to record the synchronization of fireflies of Photuris frontalis species, Peleg noticed some strange phenomena: "I caught a small firefly out of time, but it was still punctual."

Topic: chimera States among synchronous fireflies

Address: https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.05.12.491720v2.

The analysis shows that although most firefly "choirs" are flashing rhythmically, the stubborn outliers refuse to cooperate. These outliers are in the same space, flashing according to their own cycle, which is not commensurate with the rhythm of the surrounding "symphony". Sometimes, these outliers seem to be synchronized; Sometimes they just blink randomly, regardless of each other. Peleg’s research group described this as a chimera state, which is a form of synchronization. It was first pointed out by Kuramoto and his postdoctoral fellow Dorjsuren Battogtokh in 2001 (Kuramoto, Y., & Battogtokh, D., 2002), and analyzed by Strogatz and Northwestern University mathematician Daniel Abrams in a mathematical idealized form in 2004. Some neuroscientists’ research shows that this strange synchronization state in brain cell activity has been seen under some experimental conditions, but other than that, it has not been observed in nature so far (Bansal, K., et al., 2019).

The earliest study on chimera state

Thesis title: Coexistence of coherence and inheritance in non-locally coupled phase oscillators.

Address: https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0210694.

At present, it is not clear why nature prefers this "hodgepodge" synchronization to the unified synchronization form. However, this basic synchronization phenomenon also constitutes an evolutionary mystery: how does this aggregation help male individuals stand out from potential spouses? Peleg thinks that we should not only study the behavior patterns of male fireflies, but also pay attention to female fireflies. Her research team has begun to study the firefly P. carolinus, but has not studied the species P. frontalis which is prone to chimera state.

4. Fireflies and Computer Science

For the model, it is now necessary to encapsulate the observed firefly patterns in a new or improved framework. Ermentrout’s paper, which is still under review, provides a unique mathematical description of Photinus carolinus fireflies: suppose these insects are noisy and irregular oscillators instead of waiting for purely random time beyond the minimum recovery time required? In this way, fireflies may flash periodically only when they gather. In computer simulation, this model is also consistent with Peleg’s data. Ermentrout said: "Although we didn’t write it out in a program, there were still fluctuations and so on."

Biologists say that Peleg and Sarfati’s cost-effective camera and algorithm system are very helpful to promote firefly research and make it popular. Fireflies are difficult to study in the wild, because it is difficult for the public to distinguish species by their flashes except the most dedicated researchers and hardcore enthusiasts. Therefore, although people are worried that many firefly species are becoming extinct, it is still relatively difficult to measure the range and abundance of firefly population. Peleg’s work can make it easier to collect, analyze and share firefly flash data.

In 2021, Sarfati used this system to confirm a report from Arizona: local Photinus knulli firefly species can synchronize when the aggregation number is enough. This year, Peleg Lab sent 10 copies of camera images to firefly researchers all over the United States. In order to promote species protection, machine learning researchers in Peleg Lab are trying to develop an algorithm to identify firefly species from video flash patterns.

Fireflies have inspired the development of mathematical theory for decades; Peleg hopes that these more subtle truths discovered now will have a similar impact. Moiseff has the same wish. He said that fireflies "were already doing computer science before we humans appeared." Understanding their synchronization mechanism can help us better grasp the self-organizing behavior of other organisms.

references

[1] link: https://www.quantamazine.org/physicists-discover-exotic-patterns-of-synchronization-20190404/

[2] Stefan Ineichen (2016). Light into Darkness: The Significance of Glowworms and Fireflies in Western Culture. Advances in Zoology and Botany, 4(4), 54 – 58. DOI: 10.13189/azb.2016.040402.

[3] Sarfati, R., Joshi, K., Martin, O., Hayes, J., Iyer-Biswas, S., & Peleg, O. (2022). Emergent periodicity in the collective synchronous flashing of fireflies. bioRxiv.2022.03.09.483608, doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.03.09.483608

[4] Sarfati, R., & Peleg, O. (2022). Chimera States among Synchronous Fireflies. bioRxiv 2022.05.12.491720; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.05.12.491720

[5] Bansal, K., Garcia, J. O., Tompson, S. H., Verstynen, T., Vettel, J. M., & Muldoon, S. F. (2019). Cognitive chimera states in human brain networks. Science Advances, 5(4), eaau8535.

[6] Gudger, E. W. (1919). A Historical Note on the Synchronous Flashing of Fireflies. Science, 50(1286), 188–190. http://www.jstor.org/stable/1643069

[7] Kuramoto, Y., & Battogtokh, D. (2002). Coexistence of Coherence and Incoherence in Nonlocally Coupled Phase Oscillators. Nonlinear Phenomena in Complex Systems, 5(4), 380-385.

This article is translated from Quanta Magazine.

Title of the article: How How Do Fireflies Flash in Sync? Studies Suggest a New Answer

Article link: https://www.quantamazine.org/how-do-fireworks-flash-in-sync-studies-suggest-a-new-answer-20220920/

Latest papers on complex science

Since the express column of papers in the top journals of Chi Zhi Ban Tu was launched, it has continuously collected the latest papers from top journals such as Nature and Science, and tracked the frontier progress in complex systems, network science, computational social science and other fields. Now the subscription function is officially launched, and the paper information is pushed through the WeChat service number "Chi Zhi Ban Tu" every week.

Original title: "Synchronous flicker of fireflies: how to emerge order in randomness?" 》

　　Hunan Daily, July 12th (all-media reporter Chen Angang) From July 8th to 12th, Mao Wanchun, chairman of Hunan Provincial Political Consultative Conference, went deep into the counties and cities of Changde City to conduct comprehensive research.

　　HunanPan Biling, vice chairman of CPPCC, participated in relevant research.

　　In Dingcheng District Rural Revitalization Studio of CPPCC members, Taoyuan County CPPCC Propaganda, Culture and Health System Studio and Tianjin Municipal CPPCC Yi Hu Bai Ying Studio, Mao Wanchun learned in detail about the innovative exploration of the operation mechanism and the development of key performance activities of the members’ studios. He pointed out that the members’ studios in the province should adhere to the principle of taking members as the main body, and the performance of duties should be carried out in a simple way that can be replicated and promoted to maximize the performance of duties. It is necessary to organize and guide the majority of members to rely on the platform carrier of the members’ studio, focus on the main business, base themselves on the actual work, give full play to their expertise advantages and sectoral characteristics, and vigorously and orderly carry out the democratic supervision work of "improving the ecological environment".

　　"A good ecological environment is the most inclusive welfare of people’s livelihood." Mao Wanchun said that CPPCC organizations at all levels in Hunan Province and CPPCC members should thoroughly implement the ecological civilization thought of the supreme leader, firmly establish and practice the concept of "Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets", serve the overall situation around the center, regard the democratic supervision of "improving the ecological environment" as a key performance content of Hunan CPPCC this year and in the next few years, deepen the construction of CPPCC studios and make full use of platforms such as CPPCC Cloud and CPPCC Studio. Continue to promote the democratic supervision and evaluation mechanism of "improving the ecological environment" of the CPPCC, help Hunan to have bluer sky, clearer water and cleaner land, and contribute to the CPPCC’s efforts to accelerate the realization of the beautiful blueprint of "three highs and four innovations".

　　In CommScope Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. and Hunan Anfu Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd., Mao Wanchun inspected the production, operation and technological innovation of enterprises. He encouraged CommScope to continue to take root in Hanshou, improve the upstream and downstream industrial chains, and make greater contributions to county economic development. Anfu Environmental Protection deeply practices the concept of "Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets", adheres to the new development concept, conforms to the development reality of Hunan, and hopes that enterprises will become stronger, better and bigger. The CPPCC will continue to support and promote the development of private economy.

　　During the investigation, Mao Wanchun visited Lin Boqu’s former residence memorial hall and life exhibition hall, and inspected Jian Bozan’s former residence, Ding Ling’s former residence and Shimen No.1 Middle School.

　　() The Record Form of Investor Relations Activities was released on February 28th, and the company was investigated by 79 institutions on February 28th, 2023. The types of institutions are insurance companies, others, fund companies, overseas institutions, securities companies and sunshine private equity institutions.

　　The main contents of investor relations activities are introduced:

　　Dear investors and friends, today I mainly share three aspects:

　　The first aspect is the document "Overall Layout Planning of Digital China Construction" issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council yesterday. Let’s explain our concerns to you. The core of our understanding is the four numbers "2522". What is "2522"? The first "2" refers to consolidating the "two foundations" of digital infrastructure and data resource system. The second "5" refers to the deep integration of digital technology with the "five in one" of economic, political, cultural, social and ecological civilization construction.

　　The third "2" is to strengthen the "two capabilities" of digital technology innovation system and digital security barrier. The last "2" is to optimize the domestic and international "two environments" for digital development. So to sum up, the whole construction layout plan is interpreted according to "2522".

　　Digital infrastructure has been talked about for many years. Frankly speaking, with the rapid development of hardware technology today, the infrastructure construction in China’s e-government construction is not the most serious bottleneck, and even some parts have technical redundancy.

　　As for the corresponding data resource system, we think there may be more problems. Last year, the transaction in the data element market mentioned in the Guide to the Construction of National Integrated Government Big Data System issued by the General Office of the State Council also has a great relationship with the construction of the data resource system. Ali, Tencent, Didi, Meituan and other fully market-oriented companies with the background of the Internet have made full and effective use of data to generate a lot of economic value. For government departments that also have a large amount of data, there is still a very large development space to realize the production, operation and transaction of data resources, which is also our great concern.

　　Secondly, digital technology is deeply integrated with economic, political, cultural, social and ecological civilization. We believe that it is the largest part of the whole digital China construction in the future development. As for how to deeply integrate digital and economy, digital and governance, digital government has accumulated enough experience for many years, and we think there is still a very large market space in this part.

　　In terms of two major capabilities, in the past five years, many application systems of Digital Politics have completed the adaptation and application with domestic databases, domestic operating systems, domestic middleware and domestic security software. At present, more than 30% of projects have completed domestic substitution, but the operating efficiency based on domestic platforms varies, and there is still room for improvement in the future.

　　The last part, the international and domestic environment, also has a certain relationship with us. Our country should make digital construction, and also take into account the development trend of the world. As far as the development trend of technology is concerned, ChatGPT, which is hot recently, and similar technologies or models in the future will continue to learn from the international community, so that domestic and international development can be coordinated.

　　Therefore, from my point of view, to understand and interpret the whole construction planning layout of digital China, I think the most important opportunities come from two aspects: one is the construction of data resource system, that is, the pricing and trading links of future data element assets, and the other is how to deeply integrate digital with economy and digital with governance. We think the market space of these two is the largest.

　　The second aspect is about the future development of the company itself. No matter how good the policy is, if you can’t make something yourself, it can only be a castle in the air. Many industries are telling stories, and our computer industry also hopes to cash the stories one by one like photovoltaic and new energy industries to generate real large-scale income and profits. Like all the companies in the city, we have also experienced the test of the epidemic in the past three years. This year, everyone rolled up their sleeves and prepared to recover the lost three years. So what are our opportunities for Zhengtong this year? First, on the basis of the customer base and technology accumulated by the company in the past 20 years, we will continue to grasp our product advantages and market competitiveness, and continue to do our key advantage projects bigger and better. This year, we will seize the opportunity and strive to develop in the fields of unified management of one network, urban brain and urban operation center mentioned in the planning and layout. Second, we explored with governments all over the country last year, and deeply integrated with the local economy with the digital model, which is also a new model and new exploration of digital economy construction. Last year, we also issued a number of announcements for related projects in succession, and this year we will continue to make this matter bigger. In 2021, the company signed a large-scale project with a gross profit of more than 10 million yuan, but we have doubled the growth last year. This year, we have the opportunity to double or even more, and we will resolutely seize the favorable market environment to continue to expand large-scale high-quality projects. Third, for Zhengtong, our other related businesses, such as the construction of urban underground pipelines in new infrastructure,We also have a very good market competitive advantage in this respect. Zhengtong should seize the favorable opportunity this year to strive for more projects to be implemented in the whole country. The scale of these projects is generally larger than our pure software projects, which can bring rapid income increase to the company and have a very important impact on the company’s profits. In addition, the company also has many arrangements and layouts in new businesses such as autonomous driving, deep integration of virtual reality technology and e-government scenes. We hope that we can not only take into account the needs of current customers, but also effectively distinguish ourselves from competitors in the industry, constantly strengthen and establish our competitive advantage, and let us stand out in the process of building e-government and digital China in China.

　　Thirdly, on the basis of the above, for Zhengtong, this year we will combine the national documents and policies to take our company’s performance to a new and higher level. After the epidemic ended, our sales front-line personnel immediately began to spread to all parts of the country to carry out their work. Judging from the market situation in the first two months, there are many opportunities this year. We are also seriously studying how to overcome some adverse effects, such as the financial constraints of local governments, the implementation of plans, and the requirements of new documents issued, in order to help our customers keep up with the situation as soon as possible and release relevant construction projects as soon as possible this year, so that the company can achieve better business performance this year. This is also our key concern this year.

　　For Digital Zhengtong, as a company that has been listed for more than ten years, the most important goal this year is to continue to achieve high-speed growth in performance. As a computer industry company, we hope to become a target that investors can value according to the value investment system and deserve to hold for a long time.

　　Question and answer session

　　Q: One item in the overall layout plan involves the assessment of local governments. Considering the practical problems involved in the business development of the whole digital government, what is the difference between this document and the previous documents?

　　A: In the past 20 years, I have only three impressions of things that have been said in the central documents to be included in the assessment of leading cadres. For the first time, GDP was included in the KPI assessment, which promoted the golden decade of real estate. The second time, people’s happiness index was included in KPI, which was mainly reflected in food safety and Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets, so related industries such as new energy, environmental protection and consumer goods also developed. This time, the number China is included in KPI, which is of course a great benefit to our whole industry. Two things that all localities are most concerned about, one is the scope of assessment, and the other is the supporting funds from the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Finance to governments at all levels. This is very beneficial to the development of the whole industry, because it means that local governments at all levels should incorporate relevant system construction into the important work content of the desk in their future work. There is no doubt that for Zhengtong, it is a shot in the arm, which will help us to better carry out project cooperation with customers.

　　Q: Can you tell us something about the company’s business in the unified management of one network according to the current situation?

　　A: China has been building e-government for 30 or 40 years. Today, under the circumstance of numerous e-government systems, our country has put forward a new layout plan, mainly to build a city-based integrated e-government platform. We can call it a platform system for comprehensive urban management or a comprehensive digital base, and now the main component or gripper is the platform of unified management of one network mentioned in the past two years. Governments at all levels should integrate the original, isolated and decentralized powers so that they can better meet the new governance needs. Integration and integration must be the general trend.

　　The one-network unified management solution provided by digital government communication is a brand-new generation of e-government system that best meets or meets the needs of all localities. At present, many departments, such as urban management, municipal administration, sanitation, public security, transportation, food and drug supervision and grass-roots law enforcement, can be brought into a unified management system, so as to realize the gradual integration of an urban e-government system.

　　Just now, I also mentioned the integration of data elements. If there is no unified management of one network, it is difficult to have data elements without linkage of data of various departments. Traditionally, every government department has its own set of data system, and many data are conflicting and contradictory. The necessary condition for establishing an effective data element market with commercial value is to get through the data in different e-government systems through one network. Therefore, I want to emphasize that, first, relying on the unified management project of one network that is still being established and improved, according to the previous system construction situation in various places, we will continue to practice and explore to form a new system that is grounded in the same system and mechanism. Second, the application areas are different from provincial to municipal to county level. Now we are in a stage of establishing some demonstration systems according to their respective conditions, and then constantly increasing the content, so as to integrate a set of models that can be popularized and copied to the whole country.

　　The content and management process of one network unified management model are still in a stage of continuous development in the whole industry. Digital Zhengtong entered this field earlier with the help of our original grid advantages, and can jointly explore specific practices with industry giants including Huawei and Ali, and constantly improve the landing ability of products and solutions.

　　We believe that the market space of unified management of one network is very large, and it is also the trend and trend of development in various places, and it will become just needed in the future. Now there are also great opportunities in the industry. Zhengtong hopes to stand out in this field and become the strongest competitor in the market, just like doing digital urban management in the past. We are now in a favorable position, so how to seize the opportunity to make this business bigger and stronger in the next step is exactly what we should focus on.

　　Q: What is the current business development of SPAR platform?

　　A: Last year, we released the version 2.O of SPAR platform. The biggest upgrade based on the version 1.0 is to combine the digital twin technology with the urban information model platforms around the world more closely. That is to say, our SPAR 2.0 platform can be used as the basic platform of a city CIM platform, which is a great progress. After the platform was released last year, the response and demand from customers all over the world were very strong, and the company also seized the market opportunity and applied new products and technologies in new projects in time. It can be expected that this year we will have many new projects combining digital twins and urban CIM platform, which is actually one of the exhibitions of unified management of one network. When the SPAR platform was released last year, it also showed the technology of virtual reality AR glasses. This year, we hope to make a real landing scene. By using the array optical waveguide technology, the large screen of the command center is combined with the law enforcement site through AR glasses, and the remote complex information of the command center is directly projected to the administrative law enforcement site, thus realizing more efficient and richer law enforcement means. These are the real needs of customers and the inevitable trend of industrial technology development. Finally, thank you for your attention. The computer industry will never lack themes and concepts, but we hope that every label of Zhengtong will eventually become a large-scale income and profit. I hope everyone will look at the development of digital government communication from the perspective of value investment, and we are willing to share the achievements of the company’s development with you;

　　Beijing Digital Zhengtong Technology Co., Ltd. is an enterprise engaged in software research and development and sales. The company is mainly engaged in the development and sales of professional smart city application software, and provides technical support and follow-up services, providing e-government solutions integrating GIS, MIS and OA for government departments, and providing collaborative work platforms among government departments based on data sharing. The company is one of the few professional e-government solution providers focusing on digital city management and land and resources management in China, and occupies a considerable market share in the fields of digital city management and land and resources management.

　　Details of participating institutions are as follows:

　　Cctv news(Reporter Su Jin) A biped robot "Beckham" with a height of 1.4 meters, an intelligent and precise assembly project of humanoid hands, a killing robot, a patrol robot, a driverless bus, and a "world’s tallest" hydraulic support & HELIP; … On September 19th, the mainstream media interview group of "Yellow River rushing to see Zhengzhou" went into Zhongyuan Science and Technology City, Yutong Bus, Zhengmeiji and other places to feel the scientific and technological charm of the cities along the Yellow River and experience the future life.

　　Science and technology shape the new future of the city

Intelligent robot "Beckham"

　　Beckham, a biped robot with a height of 1.4 meters, a weight of 20 kilograms, a load of 10 kilograms and a battery life of 10 hours, is the "star product" of China Power Intelligent Robot Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "China Power"), which is the first batch of enterprises that have signed up for the Central Plains Science and Technology City.

　　Zhongyuan Science and Technology City is located in Longhu District in the north of Zhengdong New District, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province. It is an "urban science and technology belt" which integrates digital cultural creation, information technology, cutting-edge science and technology, life science and talent education.

　　As the first batch of contracted enterprises in Zhongyuan Science and Technology City, Lin Jie, CEO of China Power, introduced that the company is a modern science and technology enterprise integrating R&D, design, production and sales. At present, its business is oriented to intelligent manufacturing and public services.

　　At present, the urban custody robot in the West Square of Zhengzhou East Station is one of the products of the prime mover. It is one of the few domestic urban custody robots with all self-developed algorithms and all domestic parts, including intelligent cleaning robots and intelligent inspection robots.

Intelligent custody robot is working.

　　"The development and marketization of urban custody robots can reduce the labor cost by nearly one third, reduce the contact between people as much as possible, and ease the pressure of normalized epidemic prevention and control." Lin Jie said that this product has been sold all over the country.

　　New experience of autonomous driving, new development of intelligence and intelligence

Driverless bus "Xiaoyu"

　　As soon as the delegation entered Yutong New Energy Bus Factory, they were attracted by the innocent driverless bus "Xiaoyu" and experienced it on the spot.

　　With the acceleration of commercialization, autonomous driving has ushered in a new "match point". As one of the largest bus companies in the world, Yutong began to make a forward-looking layout of intelligent network connection and autonomous driving technology as early as 2013, and established 52 autonomous driving enterprise process standards, gradually forming a perfect technology research and development and market service system.

　　The interview team came to the test site by "Xiaoyu", and a bus about to leave the factory was running on the test site. At the standard test speed of 70km/h, the acceleration gradient of the loop centrifugal force reaches 40.3 degrees, which is higher than the industry and national standards. According to reports, before leaving the factory, all vehicles need to carry out tests such as wading, getting wet in the rain, climbing and high ring to ensure the safe operation of vehicles.

The vehicle is tested before leaving the factory.

　　Entering Yutong Brand Experience Center, rows of electronic display screens show Yutong’s development from a bus factory to a leading global bus manufacturing giant. It is understood that in 1963, the first long-distance bus JT660； in Henan Province was born here; In 2005, Yutong Bus won 5,348 buses in South China, with a value of US$ 370 million, which was the largest export order of American buses at that time, creating a situation that Yutong Bus "blossomed at home and abroad" and setting a new benchmark for China Bus to go overseas.

　　Digital transformation helps manufacturing industry leapfrog development.

Zhengzhou Coal Mine Machinery Group Co., Ltd. Production Workshop

　　As one of the "Top Ten Strategies" in Henan Province, digital transformation strategy is also the only way for manufacturing enterprises to change lanes and lead. The delegation walked into Zhengzhou Coal Mining Machinery Group Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Zheng Coal Machine) to get a close look at the digital transformation of manufacturing enterprises.

　　Zheng Coal Machinery was founded in 1958. After more than 60 years of development, it has 28 production, R&D and sales bases in 18 countries around the world, with more than 17,000 employees. At present, it has developed into a well-known high-end intelligent equipment manufacturing enterprise driven by the dual main businesses of "coal machinery and auto parts" at home and abroad.

　　In 2021, the complete set of intelligent working face of Zhengmei Coal Machine was selected as an excellent case of digital transformation of state-owned enterprises, and the electrical control system of Zhengmei Coal Machine Gigabit Ethernet support equipped with "Kuanghong" system was applied in Buertai Coal Mine in Shendong. In August 2021, the prototype of the 10-meter super-large mining height hydraulic support independently developed by Zheng Meiji came out; In March 2022, Henan Coal Mine Intelligent Mining Equipment Industry Research Institute led by Zheng Coal Machine was officially unveiled, opening a new chapter to promote the high-quality development of the coal industry.

　　The coal mining plate of Zhengmei Coal Machinery Co., Ltd. follows the strategic direction of "intellectualization, integration, internationalization and socialization" supported by digitalization, and contributes to the "green and low-carbon transformation strategy" of Henan Province and even the intelligent and green mining of global coal mines by changing lanes intelligently and taking the lead in integration.

　　Wenzhou net news annual income of one million? Fans over ten thousand? Click 10 million? Reports about online writers always have such amazing figures that attract people’s attention and make many young people yearn for them. Jiang Shengnan’s legend of miyue, a network writer in Wenzhou, was a hit last year. At this year’s "two sessions" in the city, Jiang Shengnan’s proposal on "Promoting Network Writers to Establish a Space for Creation" attracted the attention of all parties, making the public focus on Wenzhou’s network writers again.

　　Wenzhou’s online literature has been active in China, with a wide range of authors, including historical Gu Yan, urban workplace, fantasy martial arts, fairy tales, suspense and funny stories. Wenzhou’s online writers are all over the major online literature websites, such as Starting Point, Creation, Tencent Literature, 17k, Jinjiang Original Network, Palm Reading Literature, Impossible World and so on, which have exerted a wide influence at home and abroad. According to statistics, there are more than 100 Wenzhou-based online writers and writers who are active in major online literature websites in China, including Jiang Shengnan (masterpiece legend of miyue), Shanshui (masterpiece Summoning the Great Lord), Purple Hairpin Hate (masterpiece Changfeng), Legend of the Paladin (masterpiece Xiuzhen Chat Group) and Yunfen (masterpiece Fairy Atlas).

　　Stick to what you write down, there is nothing that is not diligent, because readers are always urging you.

　　As the saying goes, interest is the best teacher. Doing what you want to do and love to do often gets twice the result with half the effort, and you don’t feel hard. On the Internet, several writers have indicated that interest and enthusiasm are the main motivation.

　　Many people start writing online articles because they read a book, and when the update is too painful, they start writing stories that they hope will happen. Zhou Wuming, the legend of the paladin and so on are all like this. When Shanshui was in graduate school, he came into contact with several online novels and wrote a million words in one go. After writing, he remembered where to post, and then he was introduced to the editor of a website. Although this million-word novel was rejected, it was discovered by the editor.

　　The encouragement of great god writers is undoubtedly the happiest thing in the new period. Well, well, he said that when he first started writing, he didn’t know anything but buried himself in writing. Seeing that the new friends who wrote the article together were all edited and signed, and they worked hard to write more than 200 thousand words, they still didn’t edit to sign. Desperate, they made a notice saying that the eunuch (in net language, it means to interrupt the update) had stopped writing, and they couldn’t sign anyway. At this time, many readers left messages asking her to continue writing. At that time, the only female author in the top ten Great Gods "drifting with the current" also left a message for her in the book review area, saying that she liked her book very much. At that moment, I was full of fighting spirit, retracted the announcement and continued to write 300,000 words. Then all kinds of data met the signing standards, and the subscription results were good after the editor signed the contract. Finally, he was praised by the editor-in-chief, so he kept writing.

　　Like all walks of life, the glory of online writers in the spotlight is earned by thousands of hard work day and night. Every day, new writers register as writers on the website, and every day, some authors who can’t persist abandon their pens. People only see the scenery at the top of the pyramid, but only those who can stand loneliness and persist in writing can finally withstand the big waves and make achievements. The author of "The Record of Shanzhong" said that the secret of writing is five words-"burying your head in silence".

　　There are many talented people, and whether they can persist depends on perseverance. Because codewords are actually boring. Especially when you can’t write, some people will slowly fade away, but if you can survive this process and stick to it, you will be half the battle. No author who insists on writing on the Internet is not diligent. He must work every day, because readers are always urging you.

　　Codewords are the norm for online writers. We know that online writers update 3000-10000 words a day, mostly about 5000 words a day, and basically need to sit in front of the computer and type for about 3-5 hours. This persistence cannot last long without certain hobbies and interests as the driving force. And network writers have many unique tricks of their own in order to keep up. For example, the update depends on getting up early and getting up at 5 o’clock every day; Take a bath and relax when you are good at Calvin, and maybe you will be inspired; Purple hairpin hate is to put pressure on yourself and code 6 thousand words stably in two and a half hours; The legend of the paladin writes at a fixed time every day, forming a regular habit of writing.

　　The wind is changing all the time. If you stand still, you will be abandoned.

　　Open the major online literature websites, there are countless online texts of various types and themes, the competition of online literature is becoming more and more fierce, and readers are becoming more and more picky. In the past, readers could accept 3,000 words of daily shift. Now, readers’ appetite has been spoiled, and they often need to double it to satisfy it. As an online writer, in addition to persisting in writing, the key is to tell good stories and be able to tell stories.

　　The same story is different in the hands of different people. How to tell a good story involves brain holes, plot design and overall layout, which is related to talent. Grasping the rhythm of the story, the grass snake gray line and the pulse are thousands of miles away, and finally reaching a hearty outbreak, which requires spirituality. Relatively speaking, writing is not the most important thing, because several online writers have said that "writing millions of words will definitely improve the writing style." Writing is like details, and the ability to tell stories is the framework, and paying equal attention to both framework and details will succeed. Of course, the more solid the writing skills, the better. One sentence can directly ignite you, which may be the charm of writing.

　　The wind is changing all the time. It is cruel to stand still and be abandoned. It is very important to keep pace with the times, and progress can only be made if we persist in learning. Cao Lingyun, a member of Chinese Writers Association and chairman of Wenzhou Network Writers Association, is a traditional writer. He has published a collection of personal essays, such as Feeling on Paper, Talking from the Heart, Hometown Dust, and a long documentary essay, My Uncle’s Half Century, Visiting Oujiang and so on. The experience of walking all the way to Oujiang made him realize that life is constantly learning, and his online literature is also a practice of keeping pace with the times. In the atmosphere of online literature, he also launched the online serialization of "Walking the Oujiang River" on Galaxy APP, and the current hits are good.

　　For the new people who are gearing up to be the next "Tang Jiasan Shao" and "Li Hu", the advice of the great gods is that it is the biggest taboo for net writers to put all their eggs in one basket to become full-time writers, and taking into account reality is the best choice for net writers. The threshold of online writing is lower than that of traditional writing, so many people enter it. After spending a lot of energy and time, nothing even accounts for the vast majority. It is understood that the probability of a network writer writing as a "great god" level is extremely low. Based on hundreds of thousands of signing authors, dozens of people become great gods. Zhou Wuming said that with the development of online texts today, the subject matter has been basically drained, and it is becoming more and more difficult to innovate. You think that a lot of novel subjects are searched online. In fact, there is no difference and conflict between online literature and traditional literature, but online literature breaks down barriers and allows everyone to participate. The trend of online literature is the trend of society. Good and bad have always existed, and good ones will last for a long time, while bad ones will be eliminated. Grandstanding is a temporary success, and it is a meaningful achievement of classics.

　　So, what kind of accomplishment should an excellent online writer have? Jiang Shengnan said that the most important thing is a person’s love, sincerity and persistence in writing. "With these three things, even if you may be deficient in nature, you will improve yourself at every time, complete your knowledge storage and finally become an excellent writer." At the same time, Jiang Shengnan also pointed out that aspirants should be wary of short-sightedness, don’t take online writing too easy or too profit-seeking, cater to the so-called "market" and "audience preferences", and then give up on themselves after finding that they can’t succeed in the short term.

　　The network writers’ association has been happy, a pair of members have tied the knot, and many works have derivatives.

　　On May 25th last year, Wenzhou Network Writers Association came into being, and Wenzhou network writers had their own "homes". Among the first 95 members, 44 are born in 1980s, accounting for 46.3% of the total, and 24 are born in 1990s, accounting for 25.3% of the total, with an average age of 34. Among them, there are 30 freelance writers, accounting for 31.57% of the total membership. Network literature brings vitality to the literary world, but it also presents new features different from traditional literature. For example, writers themselves are younger, text carriers are digitized, literary concepts are popularized, and circulation and publication are diversified.

　　In this young people’s association, members not only promote their creation, exchange and interaction through the association organization, but also find the belonging of life through this big family and establish a happy family. Demons and tears (the author of Shenqi Chinese Network) and Lan Yi (the author of 91 Panda Reading Network) got to know each other on the platform of the association, shared the same interests, and got together. In November last year, they tied the knot and made a much-told story, which brought joy and warmth to Wenzhou’s online literature family. The Provincial Network Writers Association and the Municipal Network Writers Association all congratulated the newcomers and wished them a harmonious and smooth life, citing Qi Mei; Support each other in creation and go hand in hand.

　　The association gives everyone a platform for communication, and to a certain extent, it also holds a group and enhances everyone’s collective influence. Network writers have found their own belonging and have a direction to go. The association took the lead in organizing the spelling QQ group, and online writers reported spelling in the group every day, day after day, and kept writing, which promoted the overall benign creative atmosphere. Since its establishment one year ago, the number of words updated by members of the Association has reached tens of millions, the total number of hits of novels on various websites has exceeded 300 million, and more than 10 works have been published, nearly 300.

　　Wanzi Shan Shui, executive vice chairman of Wenzhou Network Writers Association, said that in recent years, the adaptation of online novels and TV dramas has become hot, and Wenzhou’s works have also been favored by the market. Taking himself as an example, the copyright of the novel "The House Demon" has been sold to about 2 million yuan, and it will be officially started into a TV series early next year, with an investment of 65 million yuan. Cinema films have also been prepared and approved, and mobile games and comics are all under negotiation. The new book about the legend of the paladin has not been written yet, and the fee for the manuscript is up to one million yuan. In addition, Zi Chai’s works are also starting film and television projects. Shanshui made a rough calculation. The output value of Wenzhou Network Writers Association reached 30 million yuan alone, not including copyright fees such as film and television, animation and mobile games.

　　Film, animation and game adaptation are not only derivatives of online literature, but also promote the popularity of online literature. We know that the TV series adapted from Jiang Shengnan’s novels, such as Yan Yuntai and Nine Days in Phoenix, have been approved by Zhejiang Radio and Television Bureau and will be launched soon. The cartoon adapted from "House Demon" gained 200 million popularity in Tencent comics. The online drama project based on the novel was jointly produced by Upward Film, Gigi Upward Entertainment, Wanhe Tianyi, Sanfu Mutual Entertainment and Gushan Media, with an investment of hundreds of millions. It has been officially launched. "The Record of Hanzhong" is published by Jiangsu Literature and Art Publishing House, and the copyright of the TV series was purchased by Jiangsu Phoenix Linkage Film Co., Ltd. At present, the preparatory work has been carried out and the filming is about to start. The light-hearted fashion romance inspirational novel is called the female version of "China Partner" and the China version of "The Devil of Fashion", and the TV drama copyright has also been sold. Yun Li’s "Atlas of Fairy Spirit" and "Destiny is a Phoenix" are the representative works of Xianxia, a starting point for girls’ network, which have been simplified and adapted into cartoons.

　　The internet has cut off the threshold between writers and writers, and every unknown writer may become a famous writer tomorrow. With the network literature changing people’s traditional reading habits and gradually forming a cultural industry plate with considerable potential, Wenzhou Network Writers Association has a strong momentum and is promising.

　　Source: Wenzhou Daily

　　Fong Fong Wu

　　Recently, "Little Red Book APP has been removed from the shelves of major application markets" has become a hot topic. Previously, Little Red Book has repeatedly caused disputes such as note writing and data fraud. And many similar platforms and accounts with the original intention of sharing life are running fast on the road of "bad taste". How can the polluted "planting grass" platform return to tranquility and beauty with the product promotion of "don’t buy, not people" and the rich life of full-screen cars and famous bags?

　　Temporarily removed from the shelf

　　Xiaohongshu was fined for violating the advertising law many times.

　　On July 29, some users reported that Xiaohongshu could not be downloaded in some Android application markets, and it was suspected to have been removed. Xiaohongshu responded on July 30 that it has understood the situation and is actively communicating with relevant departments to solve it. Users who have installed Xiaohongshu APP will not be affected in normal use. On August 1st, Xiaohongshu issued a statement in the official Weibo, stating that APP has recently been removed from all major application markets, and has started a comprehensive investigation and rectification of the contents in the station, conducted in-depth self-examination and self-correction, actively cooperated with relevant departments, and promoted the optimization and upgrading of the Internet environment.

　　As a lifestyle community, Xiaohongshu has attracted much attention due to its rapid growth in the past two years. In May 2019, Xiaohongshu announced that the number of users exceeded 250 million, and the community generated 3 billion exposures of graphic and short video content every day, 70% of which came from UGC (User Generated Content).

　　From Xiaohongshu’s response, we can partially see the problems it has encountered in content: since September 2018, content governance measures have been introduced from various levels such as platform rules, brand cooperation rules and user supervision, including a comprehensive inventory of the content descriptions of cosmetics, health care products and food products according to the restrictions on advertising violations; Upgrade technical means and severely punish data fraud and false notes.

　　According to the information released by the Shanghai Consumer Protection Committee recently, a total of 97,678 complaints were received in the first half of 2019, and the number of complaints from Xiaohongshu ranked tenth exceeded 1,000. The reporter found through the "enterprise investigation" that the organizer of Little Red Book has had 20 administrative penalties since June 2015. Many of them violate the advertising law. For example, in 2018, when the company sold "Thompson’s Thompson Super Coenzyme Q10 Capsule" in its self-operated APP Xiaohongshu Welfare Agency, it promoted the efficacy of the product to prevent myocardial ischemia, coronary heart disease, etc., but the product actually did not have the approval of national health food, drugs or medical devices; Another product introduction page of "MARASIL Electric Vacuum Negative Pressure Blackhead Absorber" describes that the place of origin is Japanese, and the place of origin marked on the actual product is China.

　　Content chaos

　　"height-increasing medicine" makes you easily grow 15 cm tall?

　　"In the past two years, the filters of bloggers have become bigger and bigger, and the product promotion language has become more and more exaggerated." Li Shuyi, a Shanghai white-collar worker who has graduated for two years, loves to use little red books in college. The evaluation and comparison of bloggers often make her unable to buy some clothes and cosmetics. This process of content sharing has also been called "planting grass" by netizens.

　　But in the past two years, she felt that the era of "happy planting grass" was gone forever.

　　The reporter searched for several key words in Little Red Book, and the notes and pictures that appeared were very eye-catching: there are height-increasing drugs that claim that people aged 10-50 can easily grow 15 cm tall, cheats that "you can lose 10 kg without exercise for a week", popular lipsticks and eye shadows are accompanied by confusing words such as "you must buy it all your life" and "you are not a human being if you don’t buy it" … … The number of likes collected by these notes is usually more than four digits, and the comments are full of voices eager to buy links.

　　"Now, only by looking at the notes that are not popular, it is possible to get a real evaluation. The top notes are either over-retouched or flooded with advertisements." Li Shuyi said that this is also the choice of many old users like her.

　　Not only the little red book, but also the life sharing content of many internet platforms seems to be caught in the strange circle of "chaos on fire". In recent years, Toutiao, Tik Tok, Aauto Quicker, Zhihu and other platforms have been punished for poor content management, and the number of active users of these platforms has mostly exceeded 100 million. The exposed problems involve spreading illegal information, publishing illegal advertisements, and suspected false and vulgar content.

　　Netizen tucao

　　"Open the little red book, Hermes is all over the screen."

　　Starting from the original intention of sharing a better life, it went astray under the influence of traffic. The reporter concluded that many social platforms with the function of "planting grass" have made such "three axes":

　　First, paid promotion is popular. "False notes" have made Xiaohongshu hot for many times, but it is not just Xiaohongshu who is polluted by "paid sharing".

　　The reporter contacted a businessman who claimed to be "KOL (Opinion Leader) Operation Expert". He said that he could publish marketing content on various social networking sites such as Tik Tok, Zhihu and Forum, saying that he had more than ten professional writers and more than 100 Zhihu Cooperation V, and paid 10,000 to 50,000 yuan, so he could promote the designated products and content by answering questions under the hot topics in Zhihu, and he could also plan new questions and provide several effective answers.

　　Second, illegal content has entered the room. From cigarettes, illegal drugs to high imitation fakes, these products that cannot enter the traditional advertising channels are promoted openly on the "planting grass" platform.

　　The monitoring results of Internet tobacco marketing data in China in 2018 released by Beijing CDC in April this year show that the Internet tobacco marketing information is more soft-implanted, and women and teenagers are the main communication targets. In addition, slimming needles and botulinum toxin that have not been approved by National Medical Products Administration have been transformed on various platforms and have been repeatedly banned.

　　Third, the values are distorted, advocating showing off wealth. In the little red book, many notes on Hermes, diamonds and other themes have been praised by more than 100,000 people, and the content of showing off wealth has become a key from "eye-catching" to "gold-sucking".

　　A "online celebrity practitioner" who turned from a model revealed that there is often a gray industrial chain behind the bloggers who show off their wealth. "Shoes, bags and diamonds are mostly borrowed by online celebrity brokerage companies to take pictures, and villas and luxury cars may be videos bought by brokerage companies. The company put ‘ Rich people set up ’ After it is stable, it will attract hundreds of thousands of fans and then receive advertisements to earn business cooperation fees. "

　　"Open Zhihu, everyone just got off the plane, with a monthly salary of one million; Open the little red book, and the screen is full of two meters of long legs, Hermes and luxury cars … …” In the words of netizens’ jokes, they reflect their antipathy to the distorted and distorted online world. (Xinhua News Agency)

Produced by Big Data Digest

Source: Kod Ru

Compile: Yan Jieqiong, Niu Wanyang

Data security is always a question around everyone’s mind. The more you buy a mobile phone, the more expensive it is. Obviously, you pay great attention to private information. How can there be data leakage?

Recently, a 900M database appeared in the dark network, which contains the phone numbers, nicknames and user IDs of millions of Telegram users. The exact number of affected accounts is unknown, but it is estimated that there are millions.

According to Russian media Kod Durova, about 70% of the accounts in the database belong to Iranian users, and the remaining 30% belong to Russian users. Telegram confirmed the data leak and explained that the information was obtained through the contact input function of the address book.

After the contact is imported, you can get more information.

It means the contact person imported by the user himself, so do you blame the user himself for the problem?

Such a database usually matches the phone number with the user ID. They are created by using contact data during registration. Unfortunately, services that allow users to contact through mobile phones cannot completely avoid this method. "Telegram told reporters.

Telegram also said that additional protection measures have been taken in 2019, so most of the leaked user information is outdated.

"More than 84% of the data was collected before mid-2019. Most accounts in the database (no less than 60%) contain outdated information. This shows that we were able to control the number of such data leakage cases last year, "the representative of Telegram told Kod Durova.

This database was originally a combination of several batches of leaked data, with a total of about 40 million rows. Part of the data came from a leak in early May 2020, and another 12 million pieces of information related to Russian telephone numbers were probably leaked in April 2020.

Some netizens don’t think so.

"The data that has been leaked is old data, so these 60% leaked users have changed their mobile phones and their mobile phone numbers?"

Telegram is regarded as a messenger concerned about privacy, but it obviously lacks some basic functions, such as not encrypting the group end to end, and only allowing private secret chats, so it is popular among many anonymous organizations.

Because telegram is very popular in places where speech is limited, dissidents, journalists and other people with intentions eventually use it as an anonymous and some kind of secure communication means.

The problem with the contact import function is that it allows attackers to match users’ anonymous accounts with related phone numbers, even if users choose to hide the numbers.

Having a person’s phone number allows government agencies or hackers to get further information about this person: their name, phone records, general location and so on.

This function is easy to be used by people with a will. For example, in the planning of group activities, some users found that this function allows attackers to join the group chat of participants and reveal the phone numbers of all their members.

A bad participant only needs to enter a series of numbers as "contacts" from the phone book to messenger, and then wait for it to find a number that matches someone’s account.

No problem: Just like WhatsApp or Facebook Messenger, Telegram is based on phone number.

This means that you must be able to see that your contacts also use this application, "the telegraph spokesman told ZDNet," and the phone number setting controls the user visibility of the phone number without your phone number (instead of WhatsApp displaying your phone number in any other group). "

Nevertheless, even knowing the limitations of Telegram, users can’t simply switch to a better choice.

"Finding an application like telegram is not feasible for us."

Because the way of chatting depends largely on whether there is anonymity, telegrams can support anonymity. "Chu Ka-Cheong, the Hong Kong branch of the Internet Association in charge, said.

Because there is no better choice, using "instant sim card" (an anonymous disposable sim card) is the best way to continue to use various messenger app without revealing the main number and all related information.

Earlier, Roskomnadzor, a Russian internet censor, lifted the ban on the use of Telegram in China after it agreed to filter content related to terrorism and extremism.

Seeing this, everyone will feel very strange. There are always incidents of data leakage, for example, it is creepy.

It is true that we authorized to import the address book, but we did not allow the app to read our other private data.

Your address book is being monitored! There are also people who blatantly steal your data.

It is nothing new that the address book is authorized to be stolen. At the end of April this year, because Xiaomi’s latest model of mobile phone has a function to check which mobile phone data you have read, netizens found that many apps can read your address book and background data of various applications aboveboard. What’s even more amazing is that they even read it every 6 seconds!

This is the case. After the MIUI12 system of Xiaomi mobile phone was updated, it introduced a heavy function-privacy protection, and added the function of "flare".

This "flare" can silently monitor the startup of apps in mobile phones, and can also secretly monitor which apps are secretly awakened for you! Sometimes you obviously only start an APP, but in fact, the background applications are all open.

This … no matter how good the performance of the mobile phone is, it can’t help such a "sneak attack". The power is slipping down, and even the mobile phone will be stuck before long. The most important thing is that the data has been taken away blatantly.

For many Android mobile phone users, all this may not be unfamiliar, and they may even have long been accustomed to such "hidden rules of Android ecology".

Data security seems to be an eternal topic, but everything has two sides, one is good and the other is bad. What we can do is to be as safe as possible.

Perhaps the dark clouds only temporarily blinded our eyes, but justice will never be late.

Related reports:

https://kod.ru/darknet-sliv-baza-telegram-jun2020/

Original title: "The so-called safest Telegram is also recruited! The phone information of millions of users is shocked by the dark network, and your address book is being stolen.

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