标签： 武汉夜网

　　[car home Information] On March 27th, local time in the United States, the 2024 new york Auto Show officially opened. Although the scale of overseas auto shows is gradually shrinking, there are still nearly 20 new cars released at this auto show. Among them, Ford, Hyundai Group (including Hyundai, Kia and Janice) and Nissan (including Nissan and British finidi) have released heavy models, and Hyundai Group’s new cars are almost half of the country. Let’s take a look at what they have.

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◆　Modern new Tucson/Tucson XRT

　　The new modern Tucson and Tucson XRT positioning compact SUV, the appearance is still familiar with the family style, the interior has been greatly renovated, and the power will provide fuel, hybrid and plug-in hybrid systems.

『New Tucson plug-in hybrid version』

『New Tucson XRT』

　　From the appearance, the new car still continues the design of Korean and European models, and the front face is very eye-catching with similar borderless grille shape and split headlight design. Besides,Tucson XRT is different from the ordinary Tucson mainly in the lower enclosure, and the former is more wild.

　　Coming to the side, the two models are only different in details. The new Tucson plug-in hybrid version is equipped with 19-inch wheels, and the D-pillar is decorated with silver; The XRT version is equipped with 18-inch wheels, and there are more decorative elements at the wheel eyebrows. The D-pillar and the exterior rearview mirror are blackened. It is also worth mentioning that the XRT version can also be equipped with horizontal brackets on the luggage rack to further enhance the off-road atmosphere.

　　There is not much difference between the two models in the tail, mainly because the lower enclosure is different. The XRT version is equipped with a black guard to show its identity. Above it is the iconic through taillight design, and the four "fangs" that protrude downward further enhance the layering of the rear.

　　Looking at the interior again, the new car is equipped with the currently popular dual screen design. The LCD instrument and the center console are both 12.3 inches in size, and the through air conditioning air outlet design can enhance the visual width inside the car. In addition, the new car is designed with a hood, and two cup holders and a wireless charging panel are integrated under the center console. In addition, the new car has upgraded its sound insulation performance, with a double-layer sound insulation glass at the front door and a thicker floor in the car. More sound insulation materials are equipped near the front wheel, at the bottom of the driver’s seat, and at the B-pillar and C-pillar.

　　In terms of power, the new car will provide fuel version, hybrid version and plug-in hybrid version in the North American market. The fuel version is equipped with a 2.5L four-cylinder engine with a maximum power of 187 HP, matching an 8-speed automatic transmission; Both the hybrid version and the plug-in hybrid version are composed of a 1.6T engine and a motor, and the combined maximum power of the system is 231 HP and 268 HP respectively. The transmission system is matched with a 6-speed automatic gearbox and a four-wheel drive version is provided.

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◆　New modern Santa Cruz

　　The new model (|) has been upgraded in appearance and interior. This auto show is still an XRT version, adding more off-road kits to enable it to compete with the biggest competitor Ford Maverick FX4 version.

『New Santa Cruz XRT』

『New Santa Cruz』

　　In terms of appearance, the new modern Santa Cruz has undergone obvious changes. The previous "V-shaped" grille has now been replaced by a rectangular design, making it look tougher. The XRT version of the grille is blackened and equipped with a black logo, and the trailer hook with the same color on the lower enclosure is also very eye-catching.

『New Santa Cruz XRT』

『New Santa Cruz』

　　Viewed from the side, the new car adopts brand-new side pedals, cargo box railings and door trim panels, brand-new multi-spoke wheels, and a wide-body shape, which looks sporty. In addition, the new car is equipped with black door handles and black rearview mirrors, and is equipped with 18-inch and off-road tires.

『New Santa Cruz XRT』

『New Santa Cruz』

　　Some new cars at the rear of the car have not changed much. The XRT version mainly blackens the lower enclosure, and at the same time, the shape has been adjusted to make it have a larger departure angle. Modern Santa Cruz is a small and flexible type of pickup truck, and the depth of the new car container is short, so it is judged that pulling goods is not the main function of the vehicle, and the relatively small container also reserves a large space for the passenger compartment. The shorter wheelbase also takes into account certain handling flexibility.

　　In terms of interior, the new car has the latest family-style design style, and the double 12.3-inch continuous screen design is exactly the same as the new Tucson. At the same time, the car also retains some mechanical buttons, taking into account the convenience of daily use. In terms of configuration, the new car will also be equipped with the latest Bluelink+ car networking and modern car payment system, and will also be equipped with wireless Apple CarPlay/Android Auto. The XRT version has panoramic images and blind spot cameras, enriching its off-road scene.

　　In terms of power, the new car will provide a 2.5L naturally aspirated engine and a 2.5T turbocharged engine, of which the maximum power of the 2.5L naturally aspirated engine is 191 horsepower; The maximum power of the 2.5T engine is 285 horsepower, the transmission system is matched with an 8-speed dual-clutch gearbox, and it is equipped with an HTRAC four-wheel drive system. In addition, the XRT version also has a traction capacity of 5,000 pounds.

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◆　New KIA K5

　　As a mid-term redesigned model, the new Kia K5 has been adjusted for many details on the basis of the old model, and the interior has been greatly upgraded, and the sense of grade has been significantly improved.

　　The appearance of the new car has not changed drastically, and the designer only brought some details to it. On both sides of the slender borderless roars grille, there are exaggerated headlight groups. The shape of daytime running lights is more complicated and the internal LED light groups are flatter. The front enclosure adopts a new style to further highlight the sense of movement.

　　The side adjustment is limited to the new style of multi-spoke two-color wheels, which looks more upscale, as shown below, and other new wheels are available. Thanks to the adjustment of the taillights, the new car has higher recognition, and the rear surround also increases the three-dimensional sense compared with the cash.

　　In contrast, changes in the car will make potential consumers more happy. The current split screen with large borders has been replaced by the popular floating dual screen, which looks more concise and lightweight. The air-conditioning air outlet at the top is changed to a hidden design, and the air-conditioning control panel is moved to the vicinity of the central air outlet, giving a stronger overall feeling.

　　In terms of configuration, the new car is equipped with an upgraded head-up display system, a higher resolution front/rear camera, an upgraded sound insulation material, etc. In addition, a fingerprint recognition device is added behind the driving mode knob.

　　In terms of power system, the new car will provide 2.0L naturally aspirated engine (160 HP), 1.6T engine (180 HP), 2.0LPI LPG engine (146 HP) and 2.0L hybrid power (152 HP engine and 38.6kW motor).

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◆　New KIA K4

　　The new KIA K4 positioning compact car will replace the current KIA Forte in overseas markets, and it is planned to be listed in North America in mid-2024. In terms of power, the new car will be equipped with 1.6T and 2.0L engines, and it is expected that the GT version will have stronger power in the future.

　　Appearance, the new car adopts KIA’s brand-new design language, and the headlight group is very sharp, equipped with slender LED daytime running lights. The front of the car is equipped with a blackened air intake net, which is integrated with the lines of headlights, further widening the visual width of the front of the car. The lower enclosure is equipped with a blackened air inlet, which is matched with a two-color large-size five-spoke wheel rim, which well reflects the sports attribute.

　　From the side of the car body, the new car adopts a slip-back shape, and the body lines are very smooth, which enhances the sense of movement and helps to reduce the drag coefficient. The line of the side window comes to an abrupt end in the C-pillar part, which looks very recognizable. In addition, the length of the new car is 4709mm and the width is 1849mm, which is larger than that of Kia Forte as a whole. From the rear of the car, the new car seems to be equipped with penetrating taillights, but only the L-shaped areas on both sides can actually be lit.

　　In terms of interior, the new car is made of Kia’s brand-new design language, with dark green color matching and a newly designed double-spoke flat-bottomed steering wheel. Kia’s LOGO is not centered and its shape is very avant-garde. The new car is equipped with a full LCD dashboard and a large LCD central control panel, but the center console still retains some physical buttons to facilitate the operation of common functions.

　　In terms of power, the new car will provide two options: 1.6T and 2.0L engines, of which the maximum power of the 1.6T engine is 190 HP and the maximum power of the 2.0L engine is 147 HP. The transmission system will be matched with the 8-speed automatic gearbox and CVT continuously variable gearbox respectively.

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◆　Kia K4 hatchback version

　　At the 2024 new york Auto Show, KIA officially announced that it will launch a new hatchback version of KIA K4 in North America, which will be officially released this year. The car will be built based on the new Kia K4 and will share the powertrain.

『Kia K4 hatchback version』

『Kia K4 sedan edition』

　　Judging from the official map released at the scene, the hatchback version will still adopt the design of the sedan version in the front face, and it seems to have very good sports attributes as a whole. The rear of the car will adopt a hatchback shape, and the roof line will be straighter and extend out of the roof spoiler. Other designs, including taillights and rear enclosure, will continue the appearance of the sedan version.

　　In terms of power, the new car will be equipped with two options: 1.6T and 2.0L engines. The 1.6T engine has a maximum power of 190 HP and a peak torque of 264 Nm. The transmission system is matched with an 8-speed automatic gearbox. The 2.0L engine has a maximum power of 147 HP and a peak torque of 179 Nm, and its transmission system is matched with CVT continuously variable gearbox.

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◆　Jennisseth X Gran Berlinetta concept car

　　Genesis x Gran Berlinetta Concept, a brand-new concept car of Jennisseth, has been launched in the Gran Turismo 7 game before, and it is equipped with an e-SC V6 engine with a maximum speed of 10,000 rpm. In the real world, Janice also built a 1:1 model car for display.

　　According to the official, the concept car adopts the design of "anti-wedge attitude", the front face still continues the family style, and the double light strip design is very recognizable. It is worth mentioning that the hood of the car will adopt gull-wing door design, and the exhaust is also integrated at the hood, which is very advanced in concept. The rear of the vehicle creates a standard oval shape through a spoiler, and is equipped with a large diffuser below, and integrated with a vertically designed taillight, which is quite a taste of Formula One racing.

　　Entering the car, the concept car adopts a double-seat layout, and the overall center console is very simple. The penetrating central control panel is embedded in the center console, and two knobs are equipped below for control. The steering wheel is very competitive in shape, with a built-in display as the dashboard and a HUD head-up display. In addition, the car is also equipped with a knob design with a display screen on the steering wheel and door panel, which may be worth learning in future production cars.

　　In terms of power, the concept car will be equipped with a V6 engine named e-SC in the virtual world, which will be equipped with an electric turbocharger. With the maximum speed exceeding 10000rpm, it can generate the maximum power of 882 HP and the maximum torque of 1,071 Nm. In addition, the car will be equipped with a motor, and the maximum power of the system can reach 1,086 HP and the maximum torque is 1,337 Nm.

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◆　Jennisseth Neolun concept car

　　The name "Neolun" in the Neolun concept car of Jennisseth comes from the combination of the Greek word "neo" and the Latin word "luna", which symbolizes Jennisseth’s increasingly enterprising and innovative, and defines the brand’s vision for the future.

　　The Neolun concept car of Jennisseth adopts the future direction of product development and design. The official said that its design was inspired by the white glazed moon jar, and the whole car was simple in shape. However, the iconic front face shape of Jennisseth brand was outlined through the integrated light set of the car body, and the two-color car body color matching "midnight black" and "sky blue" highlighted the exquisite and elegant temperament.

　　The most striking feature of the side of the car body is that it adopts the door-to-door design without B-pillar, which provides more open and redundant internal space. It is reported that the door-to-door design without B-pillar of Jennisseth has reached the mass production level. The Neolun concept car of Jennisseth has an electric welcome pedal, which automatically starts when passengers get in and out of the car. When the door is closed, the welcome pedal will be retracted to the car body, showing a seamless design. In addition, the new car is equipped with 24-inch wheels.

　　The design of a large number of horizontal lines at the tail makes it look more generous, and the shape is also simple. The integrated light group highlights the taillight shape and outlines the strength and weight of the model. In terms of body size, the length, width and height of the new car are 5253/2097/1836mm and the wheelbase is 3297 mm.

　　From the perspective of interior, the sense of technology and comfort coexist, and the front rotating seat of Jennisseth Neolun concept car provides passengers with maximum space and practicality. In addition, the car is inspired by the concept of "sudden warming" of floor heating, and the heating elements carried by the concept car of Jennisseth Neolun are all over the instrument panel, door trim, floor, seat back and side of the central armrest, thus achieving efficient heating of the whole car.

　　In detail, the indigo cashmere leather in the car is seamlessly integrated with the retro-style purple silk leather, which is impregnated with ecological pigments. In addition, for the sound system, the official said that the advanced acoustic architecture was adopted, and the high, medium, bass and subwoofer speakers were exquisitely arranged to provide an immersive audio experience.

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◆　Jennisseth GV60 Magma concept car

　　With the official appearance of the GV60 Magma concept car, the JYNISES Magma project was officially launched, marking the brand’s official entry into the high-performance field under the leadership of legendary driver Jacky Ickx. The goal of Janice is to develop high-performance vehicles based on the existing product matrix, covering every production vehicle, taking into account the improvement of aesthetics and performance experience. The GV60 Magma concept car of Jennisseth will be the first high-performance concept car under Magma plan to enter the mass production stage.

　　The GV60 Magma concept car was built on the basis of the GV60, and it is still positioned as a medium-sized crossover SUV with pure electricity, built on the pure electric platform of E-GMP. The new car unveiled this time has upgraded its battery and motor configuration.

　　In terms of appearance, the new car has a stylish and sporty appearance, and the family’s iconic double-layer split headlight design is highly recognizable. The GV60 Magma concept car is equipped with three air holes above the main air intake to provide additional cooling for the vehicle.

　　The lower edge of the side window of the car body keeps rising and cooperating with the waistline of the car body, and the roof keeps pressing backwards from the front of the car, forming a coupé design at the rear of the car. The wheel eyebrows and the lower edge of the car body are decorated in the same color as the car body, and the doors also use hidden door handles, facial recognition and fingerprint recognition systems.

　　In addition, the body is integrated with wings to strengthen the downward pressure on the front axle. The larger fender and integrated wheel arch design are helpful to reduce kinetic energy consumption and improve the cooling efficiency of cold braking system. In addition, the car will be equipped with 21-inch titanium and silver rims and integrated with air circulation discs, which will play a role in cooling the brake system.

　　At the rear of the vehicle, the new car adopts a rounded tail shape, and the design of sliding back perfectly echoes this design. In order to increase the sports characteristics, a hard-core spoiler with high-position brake lights is added to the tail. The taillights echo the headlights, and they are still split-type headlights with sharp shapes.

　　For the interior, the back of the chair, bucket seat and rhombic stitching are made of Magma’s signature lava orange and titanium ash, and are wrapped in black NAPPA leather and suede.

　　As for power, at present, the power output of the GV60 is different according to different models, which are the performance version (sports mode -320kW/605 Nm; Boost mode -360kW/700 Nm), standard rear drive (168kW/350 Nm) and standard four-wheel drive (234kW/605 Nm). In Boost mode, the acceleration of the car from 0 to 100 km/h is 3.9 seconds. The new car adopts the front McPherson rear 5-link suspension, and is equipped with a 77.4kWh battery pack. The maximum cruising range of CLTC can reach 645 kilometers. If fast charging is used, it can charge from 10% to 80% in 18 minutes, supporting 400V class fast charging and 800V ultra-high speed fast charging. DRIFT mode provides an unprecedented drift experience for driving enthusiasts.

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◆　Janice G80 Magma Special Edition

　　The special edition of JYNISES G80 Magma (Lava Orange Special Edition) is based on the current JYNISES G80 body. As a special edition model, it not only has its own body color scheme, but also has a lower profile and a full sense of muscle. It is worth noting that the G80 Magma special edition of Janice will be hand-made and sold exclusively in the Middle East, with a limited edition of 20 vehicles.

　　This time, Janice released the Magma high-performance plan, and Janice will develop high-performance models based on the existing product matrix, covering every production model. In the future, the products born in the Jennisseth Magma project will be painted with lava orange as a symbol of identity.

　　Specifically, the G80 Magma special edition of Janice basically continues the design of the current model, and the iconic large mouth net of Janice has a strong visual impact. However, the front face of the new car has a stronger sense of weight. With the headlight group with parallel line style and the front lip with exaggerated visual effects, it doesn’t look angry.

　　Viewed from the side, the elegant proportion of the new car presents a very smooth line design, creating a retro-like beauty. The C-pillar is not like a conventional car, but directly connected to the rear of the car, forming a coupe-like shape. In addition, the lower part of the car body has a quite obvious wide-body effect, and with the low-lying car body structure, the sense of movement is directly full.

　　　The design surrounding the rear of the car is more radical. The circular exhaust design with two sides creates a strong sporty atmosphere. The license plate rack area is still inverted trapezoid, and the whole rear of the car looks more layered.

　　In terms of power, at present, the current model of Janice G80 adopts a 2.5T engine, with a maximum power of 304 HP and a peak torque of 442 Nm. It also provides a 3.5T engine overseas, with a maximum power of 380 HP. The transmission will match the 8-speed automatic manual transmission, and each model is available in rear-drive and four-wheel drive versions.

　　A special music performance was held in Montpellier, a city in the south of France. Eighteen birds played a wonderful movement on a Gibson electric guitar.

　　With the piano entering more and more families, the staff has changed from "familiar face" to "explosive red" among the general public. Because in piano teaching, the notation of staff is widely used all over the world, and only the staff can fully express the music score.

　　Notation is to music what words are to language.

　　The earliest information of human music can only be preserved from generation to generation through oral instruction. Before the modern high-tech sound carrier appeared, there was only one notation for recording and storing music. At present, the most well-known staff faithfully "writes" the composer’s creative intentions and achievements, which can be called a spectacle created by human music civilization and a microcosm of the emergence and development of music language.

　　1. The music recorded on plants opens the notation.

　　The earliest origin of staff can be traced back to ancient Greece. Music occupies a very important position in the field of knowledge in ancient Greece. The ancient Greeks used two notations, both of which used letters or similar letters as symbols. One was used to record the melody of vocal music, and the other was used to record the melody of instrumental music. Vocal music notation originated in Ionian at the end of the 5th century BC, and instrumental music notation may be earlier. It is said that the music written in the Vienna National Library on the plant products called Pa Pirus is the oldest music in the world, with a history of two thousand years.

　　Some studies also show that a city discovered in 1918, 100 miles southwest of Cairo — — In an ancient ruins in Oxilinkus, researchers found a written record of music — — A hymn fragment written on papyrus. In those days when music was usually spread by word of mouth, even the private remains scrawled on papyrus were extremely rare. This is also the only music record that survived in the first 400 years of Christianity. Above this hymn, the pitch and sound value are recorded by some alphabetic arrangement or simple auxiliary line symbols, which is also a typical feature of the earliest music score format. It has eight different notes, spanning an octave, these letters arranged in a straight line, each note corresponds to a scale, and the scale combination of long and short squares; The horizontal strokes and individual dots on the notes indicate which words should be emphasized when singing.

　　In addition, a scholar from the University of California, Berkeley, published an article in 1985, demonstrating that the earliest musical notation was found on the cuneiform tablets originating from the two river basins.

　　As the predecessor of staff notation — — Newham notation appeared in the 8th century AD. The word "Neum" comes from Greek, which means "symbol" and is a way to express music in the form of drawing. Since the 8th century, in order to prevent those uncommon hymns from being forgotten because of too long interval, monks who copied hymns added some symbols similar to language stress or punctuation at the top of the lyrics, indicating the up-and-down trend of hymns concisely. This symbol is called "Neum Spectrum".

　　In the early days, Newham notation was limited to indicating the direction of hymn tunes, and could not indicate the pitch position and note length. Later, someone creatively used a straight line to mark Newham spectrum to the top and bottom of this straight line, and defined this straight line as F, so the ancestor of staff appeared — — A line spectrum.

　　In the middle of the 9th century, a complete hymn melody copied with Newm symbols appeared. In the development of notation, some places began to arrange the upper and lower spatial distances between Neum symbols according to the size of intervals. Moreover, Newham notation indicating the pitch and interval structure of melody has gradually formed, and some symbols can indicate a single note or a group of notes, which helps people to record music melody completely. Later, this Newham spectrum gradually developed into two-line spectrum and three-line spectrum.

　　It took nearly four centuries to change from color to black and white.

　　Different from today’s black-and-white world, the staff was colorful in the process of reproduction.

　　In the 11th century, Guido D ‘Alezzo, a musician in arezzo, Italy, added Newham spectral lines to four lines, and specified the pitch as D, F, A and C, and the range was about eight degrees. Different pitches were expressed by clef or color, and the red line represented F sound, and the yellow line or green line represented C sound, which made the pitch more accurate. This kind of music score was called "four-line score", and they later became high notes in the staff. Since then, due to the need of playing, Newham’s spectrum has appeared six-line spectrum, seven-line spectrum and even eleven-line spectrum. To commemorate the invention and birth of the staff, people called Guido D ‘Alezo "the father of the staff".

　　Then, how does the staff come from "stepping on colorful auspicious clouds" return to the black and white world?

　　More and more composers are involved in the exploration of more accurate music notation. By the 13th century, the four-line score used all black lines, only a Latin letter was written at the front of the line to indicate the absolute pitch of this notation. This method gradually became popular in Europe at that time. But unfortunately, it still can’t show a clear rhythm. Especially the multi-part melody is becoming more and more complex, and people urgently need to find a way to accurately describe the length of each sound. At this time, a monk named Frank in Cologne, Germany, pioneered the different lengths of "black notes" in his book The Art of Theorem Songs. This notation, which strictly specifies the length of notes, rests and marks, is a supplement and enrichment to Newham’s spectrum and can be called a landmark improvement in the development of line spectrum.

　　In the 15th century, the trend of black notes receded, and the types of notes increased, and hollow notes appeared to represent the sound value, which is also commonly known as "white notes". With the development of line spectrum in this period, the position of pitch and the length of sound can be basically recorded, and the Fu Tou has also become a circle.

　　In order to change the situation that the spectral lines of musical scores are too many and complicated, European countries later unified Newham spectrum into five lines, and the notes that are too high or too low were expressed by adding lines, which made the recording of pitch more perfect. Since the 17th century, the staff developed on the basis of Newham’s spectrum and quantitative notation tends to be perfect, gradually finalized and has been used ever since.

　　After centuries of "tempering", the staff has gradually reached unprecedented accuracy. According to this, composers can mark the changes of volume, speed and timbre more carefully, which can be said to be "presented in detail"

　　When water is full, it overflows. Too precise music "language" was later considered by some people as a "double-edged sword". Although it can convey the composer’s creative intention in detail, it squeezes the space for the performer to improvise, which makes the musician shout "not enough". As a result, the direction of notation has changed again, and the final interpretation right of music has been returned to the performers. The performers no longer stick to "accurate presentation" but boldly release their individuality, which makes each performance unique.

　　At this point, music notation has gone through thousands of years of development, from being a summary of memos at first, to helping players repeat performances accurately, and then returning to the original point after a big circle.

　　3. The first "cross-border" album recording traditional Chinese opera comes from Mei Lanfang.

　　In the history of music development in China for thousands of years, there have been many ways of notation, such as subtractive notation, metrical notation, Lv Zi notation, etc. Up to now, except for Gongchi notation, there are a few old folk artists who are using it, and other notation methods are forgotten because they are too cumbersome.

　　Accompanied by drums, ancient people sat together, playing games and cheering for fun — — In this way, the embryonic form of early China’s music score was derived from entertainment. Drum music in the Book of Rites Throwing Pots is the oldest ancient music score in China, which appeared in the Zhou Dynasty and has a history of more than 3,000 years. There are some comma symbols in the score, which are arranged vertically in turn, as well as the words "drum", "semi-drum" and "Xue drum". Experts speculate that these are the terms related to performance, and professionals can also simulate the powerful beat from them.

　　In Guan Zi Di Yuan Pian written in the Spring and Autumn Period, a mathematical method for calculating the chord length ratio of each tone in pentatonic scale is recorded, which is called "three-point gain and loss method" in history, and the names of pentatonic scale "Gong, Shang, Jiao, Zheng and Yu" in China are completely described. As to where these five names came from, there are different opinions. Some say that they correspond to the stars, some say that they are derived from five animals, and some say that they are totems of ancient clans. All kinds of opinions paint a mysterious color on music and express the different musical concepts of China ancestors. Up to today, little is known about "Gong Shang Shu", but the five tones of "Gong Shang, Jiao, Zheng and Yu" are quite well-known. For example, in the theme song "Long Wen" of Happy Dictionary of CCTV, there is a lyric that "Gong Shang Jiao Zheng Yu, Qin Qi calligraphy and painting sing, peacocks fly southeast, and weaver girls will be cowherd &hellip. …” This song has been sung by stars many times, and it has also been on the Spring Festival Evening in 2010, which became a hit overnight.

　　Compared with the western staff and notation, China’s classical music score does not form the accurate quantification of pitch and rhythm and the transcoding of digital symbols, but only the outline record of the basic pitch and rhythm of traditional music or aria, which gives the performers and singers much more freedom and uncertainty in creation than the western music score, so it is also called "frame score".

　　The staff was introduced into China in the mid-17th century. There is a written record in Xieyun Duqu, a sequel to Lv Zheng Yi written by Emperor Kangxi in 1713, which published in detail the knowledge of western music theory such as staff, scales, roll names, etc. Although the staff at that time was only in its primary form and its symbols were very different from today’s, it was spread through this printed book.

　　The staff, which has just entered the country, is only used to record and spread the classic songs and hymns that praise God sung in the Catholic church. It was not until the end of the 19th century that it was gradually accepted and used by Chinese people. In 1930, Mei Lanfang’s operas were recorded by musician Liu Tianhua for the first time, and Mei Lanfang’s Songs was published, which is also the first "cross-border" album in China to record traditional opera music with staff.

　　4. The notation has been carried forward in China.

　　There are two kinds of musical notation: numbers and letters. The most common musical notation is numbers, and its embryonic form first appeared in Europe in the 16th century. At that time, a French Catholic priest named Suaiti wrote music songs with seven sounds, namely 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7, and compiled a pamphlet "New Methods of Learning plainsong and Music". In the mid-18th century, Rousseau, a famous French thinker who was famous for his book Confessions, also read the Proposal for New Musical Symbols to the Paris Academy of Sciences, and mentioned the "digital notation". Later, a group of social elites improved and popularized it, and finally formed the notation, which was also called "Galpa-Xie notation" in the west.

　　This notation was introduced to Japan in 1882. In 1903, Zeng Zhimao, one of the earliest music theorists in the history of modern music in China, published the article "The General Idea of Music Theory" in a chinese magazine published in Tokyo, introducing the knowledge of western music theory, and published six songs such as "Training" and "Spring outing" in the form of comparison between notation and staff, which is the earliest record of Chinese people using notation at present.

　　Shen Xingong, a modern music educator, was also one of the earliest disseminators of musical notation. His School Singing Collection was the first collection of musical notation written and published by China. Since then, notation has gradually spread to schools all over the country. In the 1930s, the mass singing movement of resisting Japan and saving the nation was widely carried out. At that time, famous pop songs, such as March of the Volunteers of Nie Er and The Yellow River Cantata of Xian Xinghai, were written by notation. With the widespread singing of these songs, notation gradually became popular among ordinary people in China.

　　The notation of musical notation is the closest to the popular Gong-Chi notation in China, and it is simpler and more accurate to record the height of notes by musical notation. Therefore, musical notation has developed rapidly in China, and some experts even think that China is the country that absorbs and uses musical notation the best and develops it the most in the world. Especially in the field of folk music, notation fits the characteristics of Chinese folk music, because notation records only the general framework of melody, and more needs face-to-face communication between teachers and students; On the playing method of musical instruments, Chinese folk music has many special expressive force symbols, and the use of notation is clear and clear. If staff is used, it will become complicated. These are the important reasons why notation is highly praised by Chinese folk music.

　　Of course, this is just a matter of habit. With the blending of modern Chinese and western cultures, more and more folk music also adopts the notation of line notation. In fact, in the field of folk music, there are still many places where staff can be used, and that is the ensemble moment. When all kinds of musical instruments play the same piece of music according to different parts, the powerful function of the staff is revealed, which is unmatched by the notation.

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　　No one can replace the staff or the simple staff.

　　Jacky Cheung, a Hong Kong singer who is known as the "God of Songs" in the Chinese music scene, once bluntly said that he did not know the staff, but only knew the simple music. Nowadays, at the scene of some music variety shows, some judges are repeatedly criticized by netizens because they can’t understand the staff. So, is the staff really more "advanced" than the notation?

　　Experts pointed out that in the history of music development, people have created various different notations according to their own needs, and different musical instruments, regions and traditional cultures may produce very different notations. Such as guqin, using guqin notation; Traditional Chinese opera uses the notation of gongs and drums. There is also the traditional notation of Gongchi notation in our country, but now there are the most familiar notation, staff notation and so on. We can’t simply say which notation is the best, but which method is relatively scientific. Through accurate notes and various dynamic symbols and emoticons, we can try our best to return the expression intention of the original composer.

　　Objectively speaking, staff notation and simple notation both play an important role in the field of Chinese music culture. They complement each other and have irreplaceable functions, but their users are different.

　　Notation is simple and clear. Even now, many popular music still uses notation. Compared with other notation, staff has irreplaceable advantages. It records the level of music by the position of the Fu Tou of the note on five parallel horizontal lines, and indicates the length of the note by the different shapes of the note, which can not only visually indicate the pitch of the musical sound, but also accommodate the music information in a large amount, especially in recording and writing large-scale ensemble music with wide range, numerous parts and frequent tone sandhi. Therefore, since the 18th century, the staff has become the main position of music notation, and it has been widely used in the field of professional music in the world today.

　　Nowadays, pianos have entered more and more families. In piano teaching, the notation of staff is widely used all over the world, and only the staff can fully express the music score. At the same time, the performance and singing of various music groups, the teaching of music colleges and the learning of piano children all played a very important role in the spread of staff.

　　Do you know

　　Can’t clap between concerts?

　　At the end of the year, many concerts were held together. Watching a concert is different from watching a movie. There are many unwritten rules, such as not applauding between the movements of a symphony, waiting for a complete track to enter the venue when you are late, and so on. Where did these rules come from that the enthusiastic audience couldn’t understand?

　　There was a controversy about whether there was applause between movements. Before the end of 19th century, clapping between movements was "not a thing". Mozart gets excited when he hears the applause of the audience when he plays. Once, in a letter to his father, he mentioned, "There is a passage in the middle of Allegro in the first movement, which I know the audience will like very much … … Sure enough, the audience were all in ecstasy and the applause was very warm. I expected this long ago. When I wrote this paragraph, I knew it would be very effective. At the end of the movement, this piece of music appeared again, and sure enough, the audience shouted again and asked to repeat it … …” Repeated applause made Mozart very happy. After the symphony, he even went to the Royal Garden to buy ice cream to reward himself.

　　Until the end of 19th century, there were professional cheering people in European opera houses. The function of these "masters" was to cheer in some boring opera performances. Perhaps this move is not flattering. From the end of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century, most audiences accepted the etiquette agreement of not clapping between movements. Moreover, it has been recognized by some composers. For example, in Mourning for the Dead, Mahler even pointed out that there should be no applause in the middle of the movement.

　　In addition, there is an important etiquette for listening to the concert, that is, you can’t be late. If you are late for some reason, you must wait for the guidance of the theater staff and wait for a complete track (not a movement) before you can enter. In fact, being late was not condemned as early as the mid-19th century, because early concerts belonged to small gatherings in aristocratic circles, and being late and leaving early was commonplace. By the end of the 19th century, after Mahler was in charge of vienna state opera, he resolutely implemented the rule that late spectators were not allowed to enter the venue, even if the royal family members were late, which became a etiquette until now.

　　There is such a saying

　　The New Year concert originated from the old Strauss.

　　The New Year is a common festival for people all over the world. There are many ways for people to celebrate the New Year, but holding a high-level concert is a program in major cities all over the world, welcoming the beginning of the new year with relaxed and wonderful music.

　　The tradition of holding concerts in the New Year originated in Vienna. On December 31st, 1847, Johann Strauss I, the founder of the Strauss music family, held an open-air concert in the suburb of Vienna. The repertoire included symphonies, waltzes and polkas, which were warmly welcomed by the audience, so that the concert didn’t end until dawn the next day. This is the origin of the Vienna New Year Concert.

　　Today, the annual New Year Concert held in Vienna Golden Hall is still the most eye-catching annual music event in the world. Most TV stations and radio stations around the world broadcast live, with tens of millions of listeners. Inspired by this tradition, many countries or cities in the world have also held New Year concerts to celebrate the arrival of the New Year.

　　the whole wide world

　　Austrian composer’s manuscript sells at sky-high price

　　The original manuscript of the score of Austrian composer gustav mahler’s Second Symphony was sold for 4.5 million pounds at an auction held in London, England recently. The 232-page score set a new record for the auction of the score.

　　The music seller is the family of Gilbert Kaplan, an American economist and businessman who died two years ago. There is an amazing story behind the score. According to the Daily Mail, Kaplan was fascinated by this symphony, also known as Resurrection, after listening to it at Carnegie Hall in new york in 1965. Never having studied conducting, he is determined to conduct the best orchestra in the world to perform this piece of music one day and put his determination into action.

　　Kaplan once described the feeling of listening to Resurrection as follows: "When I entered the concert hall, I was alone, but when I came out, I felt like I was struck by lightning." In the next 17 years, Kaplan traveled all over the world to listen to the performance of this symphony, and discussed his experience with professionals including conductors whenever he had the opportunity. In 1982, he finally stepped onto the stage of Lincoln Center in new york and realized his wish under the witness of many celebrities.

　　Photo courtesy of this edition/vision china

　　At 8 o’clock every day, CCTV will sort out the big and small things that happened around us within 24 hours.

　　[Concern of the two sessions]

　　He Lifeng, Director of the National Development and Reform Commission, talks about "56789" of China’s private economy.

　

　　On March 6th, He Lifeng He Lifeng, director of the National Development and Reform Commission, quoted "56789" (pronounced as 56789) to describe the position and role of private economy in China’s economic development. That is, the private economy has contributed 50% of the tax revenue, 60% of GDP, 70% of technological innovation, 80% of urban employment and 90% of enterprises in China. He Lifeng said that these figures show from one side that the position and role of private economy in China’s economic development is very prominent.　

　　Ning Ji Zhe, Deputy Director of the National Development and Reform Commission: The "Belt and Road" has turned to the stage of "meticulous painting"

　　On March 6, Ning Ji Zhe, deputy director of the National Development and Reform Commission, said in response to a reporter’s question that at present and in the future, the construction of the Belt and Road is changing from the stage of "freehand brushwork" in the layout of articles to the stage of "meticulous painting" in intensive cultivation. We should adhere to the principles of "three communities" and "five links", follow the market orientation and international practices, give play to the guiding role of enterprises and the government, and promote the joint construction of "one"

　　Lian Weiliang, deputy director of the National Development and Reform Commission: In 2018, he paid 16 billion yuan for migrant workers.

　　On March 6, Lian Weiliang, deputy director of the National Development and Reform Commission, said in response to a reporter’s question that since last year, 3.59 million people who had been executed for breaking their promises, that is, "Lao Lai", were afraid of joint punishment and fulfilled their repayment obligations. The amount of execution of various cases exceeded 4.4 trillion yuan, 10 billion yuan of tax arrears were cleared, and 16 billion yuan was paid for migrant workers in 2018, and the number of cases of wage arrears for migrant workers dropped by more than 40%.

　　Zhou Hongyi: As long as the system is written by people, there will be loopholes and loopholes will be exploited.

　　The second session of the 13th Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference held a press conference on the afternoon of March 6th. When Zhou Hongyi, a member of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference, answered a reporter’s question, he said that if the security problem was not solved, the digital industry would be devastated. Those who were not connected to the internet in the past are connected to the internet, and those who could not be controlled in the past are controlled. As long as the system written by people has loopholes, if there are loopholes, it will be exploited and attacked by people. Once problems occur, the more advanced the system, the more problems it will bring.

　　[domestic]

　　Ministry of Foreign Affairs of China: Cancellation of rapeseed import qualification of processing enterprises according to law.

　　Freeland, Canadian Foreign Minister, recently said that it is worrying that the General Administration of Customs of China cancelled the qualification of a Canadian enterprise to export rapeseed to China, and he did not believe that there was any scientific basis. In response, China’s Foreign Ministry spokesperson Lu Kang said at a regular press conference on the 6th that the decision made by China was completely reasonable, reasonable and legal in order to protect the health and safety of the people.

　　76 projects in Zhangjiakou Division of Beijing Winter Olympics will be completed by the end of August next year.

　　According to the Zhangjiakou Municipal Government, 76 venues and infrastructure projects in Zhangjiakou Division of Beijing Winter Olympics will be completed by the end of August next year. In addition, the main lines of Beijing-Zhangjiakou high-speed railway and Yanchong high-speed railway will be completed and opened to traffic this year.

　　The number of motor vehicles in Beijing will be controlled at 6.2 million in 2019.

　　It is understood that according to the deployment of Beijing’s traffic work in 2019, the number of motor vehicles in the city will be controlled at around 6.2 million this year, the total mileage of rail operation will reach 699.3 kilometers, and the proportion of green travel in the central city will reach 74%. In order to speed up the interconnection of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei road network and strengthen the internal and external traffic links of urban sub-centers. This year, six projects will be built in Beijing, including Yanchong Expressway (Beijing section), New Airport Expressway and New Airport North Line Expressway (middle section). Construction of G109 new line expressway and four hub stations, including Universal Studios North Hub and Wenlv District West Bus Center Station, was started.

　　Hainan will completely ban the sale of fuel vehicles from 2030, giving a timetable for "total ban"　

　　At the press conference held on the 6th, the Hainan Provincial Government officially released the Development Plan of Clean Energy Vehicles in Hainan Province, which stated that "the sale of fuel vehicles will be completely banned in Hainan from 2030". As a result, Hainan province became the first province in China to ban the sale of fuel vehicles, and gave a specific timetable.

　　Comrade Mao Zhiyong passed away

　　The Communist Party of China (CPC)’s outstanding party member, a loyal communist fighter, an outstanding leader in China’s agricultural and economic construction front, and Comrade Mao Zhiyong, vice chairman of the Ninth National Committee of the China People’s Political Consultative Conference, died in Hunan at 14: 10 on March 4, 2019 at the age of 90.

　　[international]

　　Former South Korean President Lee Myung-bak was released on bail.

　　According to Korean media reports, former South Korean President Lee Myung-bak was released on bail on the 6th. The court put forward bail conditions, requiring Lee Myung-bak to stay in his own residence; You can only contact immediate family members and lawyers, and you are not allowed to meet the rest of the staff, and you are restricted from going out; Only with the permission of the court can you go out to the hospital for treatment.

　　Hillary confirmed that she will not participate in the 2020 general election Trump: What a pity!

　　According to Russian media reports, recently, former US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton announced that she would not participate in the 2020 general election. In this regard, Trump expressed regret and said that he would miss Hillary Clinton very much in the 2020 presidential election.

　　Suicide bomb attacks on a construction company in Afghanistan have killed 21 people.

　　A number of suicide bombings occurred in a private construction company near Jalalabad city airport in eastern Afghanistan, killing 21 people, including the attackers. According to official information, 16 employees of the construction company were killed and 9 others were injured in the attack. Security personnel are still cleaning up the area to eliminate the hidden dangers of explosives.

　　　"London patient" is expected to become the second person to cure AIDS.

　　AIDS is a malignant infectious disease caused by HIV. Viruses invade the human body and destroy the immune system. Infected people gradually lose their resistance to various diseases until they die. In the face of such a malignant disease, the medical community has recently received good news. A patient treated in London, England, is expected to become the second AIDS patient successfully cured in the world after the Berlin patient.

　　Society

　　Is it really uncomfortable for a "hardcore" doctor to make a gastroscope for himself?

　　Sitting alone in the operating room, my right hand is manipulating the gastroscope tube inserted into my throat, and my eyes are fixed on the screen, calmly observing my stomach environment … … These days, Jin Chengfeng, a gastroenterologist in the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, became popular on the Internet. Jin Chengfeng said that he did this to feel whether gastrointestinal endoscopy was really so uncomfortable, and he was also flustered when it was his turn to do gastroscopy.

　　Yunnan Dulongjiang Border Police: Haircutting is an essential skill for us.

　　Recently, the police at the Dulongjiang Border Police Station in Gongshan County, Nujiang Prefecture, Yunnan Province, brought haircutting tools to give haircuts for the people. Li Xiaojun, director of the Dulongjiang Border Police Station, said that there is such an unwritten rule that the first job that police officers newly transferred to Dulongjiang Border Police Station need to learn is to get a haircut.

　　14-year-old boy sells paintings on the street to save cancer Aunt: My "mother" is my aunt.

　　There have always been admirable teenagers in China. In ancient times, Ti Ying saved his father, but today, he has saved his aunt by thinking of sweat. He Sihan is 14 years old. I don’t know if he has learned the story of Ti Ying saving his father, but his actions are enough to make many adults feel sorry for themselves. It is estimated that my aunt He Jianhua didn’t expect that she thought it was a small "drag bottle" and later became the engine she hoped to live.

　　[Sports]

　　At the age of 26, Ning Zetao announced his farewell to the swimming pool and started his new life.

　　On March 6th, swimmer Ning Zetao announced his farewell to the swimming pool in his Weibo, and today is his 26th birthday. In 2015, in the men’s 100m freestyle final of the 16th Kazan World Swimming Championships, Ning Zetao won the championship in 47.84 seconds and won the first gold medal in the World Championships, creating the history of Asian swimming.

　　[Entertainment]

　　The Wandering Earth box office exceeded 4.5 billion yuan.

　　The Wandering Earth, which has been released for one month, has earned a cumulative box office income (including service fees) of 4,541.6 million yuan! According to industry insiders, the state clearly supports the development of the film industry, and this year’s film market still has a "good show."

　　[face]

　　[Li Shishi] A famous Korean chess player: I am considering retiring or taking a long break.

　　Li Shishi, a famous Korean chess player, said that he was considering retiring or taking a long break. This year may be the last year of his professional career. "It has been too long since I learned chess and became a professional chess player. I am considering retiring or taking a long break. This year may be the last year of my career as a professional chess player." Li Shishi said.

　　[Cai Hongxia] Do you like this "occupational disease" with a slow voice and a big smile?

　　He was awarded the first-class merit twice, was named as a model nurse of the whole army, won the honor of "Top Ten Most Beautiful Doctors" in China, and the highest honor medal of international nursing "Nightingale Award", and was re-elected as a deputy to the National People’s Congress for two times. All these lights are earned by her understanding, tolerance and hard work over the past 37 years.

　　[Yang Naisi] The death of a famous linguist once made Juexue shine again.

　　The Institute of Linguistics of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences published an obituary on the 6th. Mr. members of the Communist Party of China (CPC), a famous linguist and researcher of the Institute of Linguistics of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, died in Beijing Hospital at 21: 00 on March 5, 2019 at the age of 92. His efforts have made the study of Basiba characters, which has almost become a unique school, shine again and have had an important influence in the field of Chinese phonology.

　　See you at 8 o’clock tomorrow!

　　Editor: Zhu Xinyu Xiao Xiao Dai Mengmeng