标签： 武汉狼盟

Thousands of people such as Musk signed an open letter, and the development of artificial intelligence endangered the ＂control of civilization＂？

　　BEIJING, March 30 (Xinhua)-The American drama westworld and the Hollywood movie Terminator have described that the "awakening" of artificial intelligence (AI) may endanger human beings. Recently, concerns in science fiction films have come into reality, and many "big brothers" in the artificial intelligence industry have suddenly called for suspending the development of more powerful AI systems, suggesting that AI systems with human-level intelligence may "pose potential risks to society and mankind".

　　Where do their concerns come from? Will the development of artificial intelligence endanger the "civilization control" of human beings? Has the development of AI reached a turning point where the "pause button" needs to be pressed?

　　An open letter, four questions about AI risk

　　Recently, elon musk, an American billionaire, and Yoshua Bengio, a top expert in the field of artificial intelligence and winner of Turing Prize, signed an open letter calling for suspending the development of AI systems more powerful than GPT-4 for at least six months, calling it "a potential risk to society and mankind".

　　An open letter calling for the suspension of giant AI training. Image source: "Future Life Institute" website

　　The open letter published on the website of the Future of Life Institute, a non-profit organization, advocates that before developing a powerful AI system, it should be confirmed that the impact is positive and the risks are controllable.

　　The letter details that the AI system with human intelligence may bring great risks to society and human beings, saying that "this point has been recognized by a lot of research and top AI laboratories" and throws four questions in succession:

　　-Should we let machines flood our information channels with propaganda and lies?

　　-Should we automate all the work, including those that are satisfactory?

　　-Should we develop non-human thinking that may eventually surpass us in number, surpass us in intelligence and be able to eliminate and replace us?

　　-Should we risk losing control of our civilization?

　　The open letter pointed out that if such suspension cannot be implemented quickly, the government should step in and take measures. In addition, "AI Labs and independent experts should take advantage of this suspension to jointly develop and implement a set of shared security protocols for advanced AI design and development, and be strictly audited and supervised by independent external experts".

　　The letter also called on developers and policy makers to cooperate to greatly accelerate the development of a powerful AI governance system. This should at least involve regulatory agencies, auditing and certification systems, monitoring and tracking high-performance AI systems, liability issues after artificial intelligence causes injuries, and providing public funds for AI technology security research.

　　At the end of the open letter, it is mentioned that today, our society has suspended other technologies that may have disastrous effects, and the same should be true for artificial intelligence. "Let’s enjoy a long ‘ Summer of AI ’ Instead of entering autumn unprepared. "

　　Technology, ethics and interests call for slowing down.

　　It is not difficult to see from these contents that the supporters of the open letter are more concerned about the possible "barbaric growth" of artificial intelligence and the social and ethical problems that its development may bring.

　　As mentioned in the open letter, this suspension does not mean suspending the development of artificial intelligence as a whole, but "taking a step back" from the dangerous competition. The research and development of artificial intelligence should re-focus on making today’s powerful and advanced systems more accurate, safe, interpretable, transparent, robust, consistent, credible and reliable.

　　Gary Marcus, a professor at new york University, said, "This letter is not perfect, but the spirit is correct." He believes that people need to slow down until they can better understand the consequences of all this.

　　At present, the open letter has been signed by thousands of people, including Emad Mostaque, CEO of open source artificial intelligence company Stability AI, DeepMind researcher of artificial intelligence company of Google’s parent company Alphabet, computer scientist Stuart Russell and other experts, scholars and technology company executives.

　　The "Future Life Research Institute" that issued an open letter was mainly funded by the Musk Foundation and the Silicon Valley Community Foundation. Tesla CEO Musk is applying artificial intelligence to autonomous driving system, and he has been frankly expressing his concerns about artificial intelligence.

　　Reuters also said that Europol recently expressed ethical and legal concerns about advanced artificial intelligence such as ChatGPT, warning that such systems may be abused for phishing, false information and cyber crimes. In addition, the British government also announced a proposal to establish an AI regulatory framework.

　　On the Internet, this letter also caused heated discussion. Some netizens agreed that people need to know what happened. "Just because we know we can build it doesn’t mean we should build it."

　　However, some people doubt Musk’s motivation. "Musk signed it because he wanted to use his artificial intelligence to make money."

　　Others analyzed, "This is terrible, but I don’t think some projects need to stop. Technology is developing rapidly and responsible innovation is also necessary. "

　　Thinking about the relationship between human beings and AI has never stopped since the birth of technology. The famous physicist Hawking once said, "The successful creation of artificial intelligence is probably the greatest event in the history of human civilization. But if we can’t learn how to avoid risks, then we will put ourselves in a desperate situation. "

　　Nowadays, from passing the qualification examination to artistic "creation", AI can do more and more things and go further and further in the direction of "intelligence". At the same time, however, criminal acts such as using AI technology for online fraud and extortion and spreading illegal information are also emerging one after another.

　　Different from the long cycle of the transformation of technological innovation achievements in the physical world, AI technological breakthroughs often spread around the world overnight through the Internet. These discussions and concerns are not superfluous until human beings fail to find a proper solution to AI ethics and supervision.

At this moment, defending the WTCR championship.

Steam potential Auto-First| Bai Yifeng

Although the COVID-19 epidemic continues to ravage, the final race of WTCR RV World Cup, which was originally scheduled to be held in Italy, was chosen to be held on November 15th in Aragon, Spain, but it still does not prevent it from being a world-class automobile race. In the end, Cyan Racing Lynk & Co team won the championship and runner-up in the third race in one fell swoop, and defended the championship with 429 points.

So far, the team has won 6 drivers’ championships in the six races of the WTCR RV World Cup in 2020, and won the podium for 19 times. Jan Herashe also won the drivers’ championship, representing the first time to win the world’s top car championship at his 24-year-old age, and becoming the youngest champion driver in WTCR history.

During the race, Cyan Racing Lynk & Co did not have a smooth ride. In the first race, due to the wet road surface of Aragon track, all the racing tires lacked grip and rushed out of the track many times. The team adopted the tire strategy of dry before wet, so it took the lead in the initial stage.

However, due to the car accident in the second race, Jan Ahrasche’s biggest competitor retired. Therefore, after the second race, Cyan Racing Lynk & Co team defended the 2020 WTCR team championship ahead of schedule.

Ordinary spectators may be more interested in this racing car. In this race, the BOP counterweight of 03 TCR racing car is 60Kg, and the supplementary counterweight is 40Kg. The whole car reaches 1365Kg, making it the heaviest racing car in this race. To know that the 03+ car weight of four-wheel drive has exceeded 1610Kg, you can imagine how much effort TCR has made in weight reduction.

At the same time, the height of the chassis is kept at 80mm, which is undoubtedly more suitable for the track compared with the coupe model of 120 mm-130 mm. As for why it doesn’t look so low? In order to ensure the tire strength, TCR racing car did not use tires with lower flat ratio. Even in such a difficult situation, the four drivers of the team were not affected at all.

Such excellent performance on the field benefited from the world-leading CMA basic module architecture, and continued to build high-end products with "high value, high performance, high technology, high safety and high value" for the global market, forming a three-dimensional product layout. At the same time, the 03 TCR racing car based on the 03 prototype not only won the honor in WTCR RV World Cup, but also remained strong in TCR CHINA.

In October, the monthly sales volume of automobiles reached 21,868 vehicles, up about 55.78% year-on-year, achieving seven consecutive months of growth. Among them, the sales volume of Model 03 reached 7,167 vehicles in October, becoming its main force and the only self-owned brand vehicle that can stand on the A+ market. Its continuous creation of automobile sports culture ecology makes everyone feel the rise of independent brands.

China football, why is it ＂hot＂ again recently？

BEIJING, Beijing, May 27 (Reporter Bian Liqun) "Shanghai Shenhua goalkeeper Ma Zhen committed violent acts and punched the opponent’s player in the face. He was suspended for 5 games and fined 50,000 yuan; Rodriguez, a foreign aid from Meizhou Hakka, carried out non-sports behavior and used insulting gestures to the opposing players. He was suspended for 4 games and fined RMB40,000. "

On the evening of 26th, China Football Association issued another heavy ticket. This is already the second consecutive round of the Super League, and two players have been severely punished for violence on the field.

Recently, football in China is full of anger, and in addition, the referee is insulted in the game and accused by social media. Since May, the China Football Association has issued as many as 21 tickets, most of which are concentrated in the past half month.

Jia Desong (left) and Aziz, who had been severely punished before, were in the game. China News Service reporter Wang Gang photo

The fire can’t be suppressed again.

The league has returned to the home and away games, and the fans have returned to the stadium. This season, the Super League is very popular. However, recently, there has been a lot of anger.

Of course, every season, there will inevitably be angry scenes. At the beginning of last season, just after two rounds of competition, the Super League created nine red cards and five tickets.

In contrast, this season, it is an improvement to enter the third node of the league and get frequent fines.

Data Map: In the Super League last season, referee Li Haixin showed a red card to Shi Ke (first from left). Image source: IC photo

Since the fifth round, the fire in the Super League has gradually started. Sunic, the foreign aid of Henan team, pushed down Fang Hao, a teenager from Beijing Guoan, and was suspended for five games by China Football Association, and fined 50,000 yuan.

In the same round of competition, Fan Bing, an official of Nantong Zhiyun Team, was banned from entering the competition stadium for one game and fined RMB10,000 by the Football Association for publishing the contents of questioning the referee in the WeChat circle of friends.

Coincidentally, Xie Hui, the coach of Dalian People’s Team, was also banned from entering the competition stadium for one game and fined RMB 10,000 for publishing the contents of the penalty dispute on social media.

Data Map: Xie Hui directs the competition in the stands. Image source: IC photo

As Nantong Zhiyun sent a long article in response to the Football Association’s fine on May 16th, the fire reached a new height.

"The facts on which the penalty decision is based are unclear and are not within the jurisdiction of the Football Association Disciplinary Committee, and the applicable rules are inappropriate; Moreover, although the punishment decision shows that there is a’ description of the parties’ by applying the template, in fact, it did not give our club or Fan Bing any opportunity to communicate, explain and defend themselves, and never held an interview meeting or hearing under the rules, lacking due process. "

"If such’ punishment decisions’ that lack legal basis and express personal opinions are allowed to flood, it will inevitably lead to illegal restrictions on the legitimate freedom of expression of football players and lead to a chilling effect."

Until now, the China Football Association has not responded to this. And a wave of unrest, a wave of rise again.

Data Map: Xie Hui directs the competition in the stands. Image source: IC photo

In the match between Tianjin Jinmen Tiger and Shandong Taishan Mountain on May 19th, Jia Desong, a foreign aid of Taishan Team, punched Beric, a foreign aid of Tianjin Jinmen Tiger, and the latter was injured. Jia Desong was finally banned for five games by the China Football Association and fined 50,000 yuan.

In the same round of competition between Wuhan Sanzhen and Chengdu Rongcheng, Aziz, a foreign aid from the three towns, trampled on his opponent’s leg and was banned for four games and fined 40,000 yuan.

Next, Shanghai Shenhua goalkeeper Ma Zhen and Meizhou Hakka foreign aid Rodrigo.

Why are you so angry?

Recently, the violence in China football field has been concentrated, which has to cause a question: Why are people so angry?

This season’s return to the home and away Super League, although the star flavor is insufficient after the loss of big-name stars, the game is still quite fierce.

To a certain extent, some of the anger also comes from this. Under the competition for every inch of land on the court, coupled with the blessing of the players’ own hormones in the game, irrational behavior is prone to occur.

This season’s Super League is hot at home. China News Service reporter Han Haidan photo

However, combing down, the source of a lot of anger comes from some penalties.

For example, Fan Bing, an official of Nantong Zhiyun, and Xie Hui, the coach of Dalian, made speeches on social media, all of which were aimed at the referee’s penalty.

In the match between Tianjin Jinmenhu and Shandong Taishan, the players of the two teams have accumulated anger for a long time. Before Jia Desong’s boxing behavior, the fighting action has gone beyond the normal range. Unfortunately, the referee on duty failed to control the field well, which indirectly led to a large-scale conflict at the end of the game. All kinds of chaos have buried the original excitement of this goal war.

Sunic, a foreign aid from Henan province, and Aziz, a foreign aid from three towns in Wuhan, were given additional punishment for their violent behavior, but in the game, the two referees on duty only showed them yellow cards.

The Wuhan Three Towns team punished Aziz for one dollar and responded to the ticket in disguise.

Another big source of anger is the intensive schedule. Since the start of the game on April 15th, the Chinese Super League has played 9 rounds in more than one month, with each team playing once every 4 days on average.

Under the long-term consumption of double matches in a week, the players are inevitably tired of fighting, which further increases their anger.

Data Map: This season’s Super League competition. China News Service reporter Futian photo

Sparse fire can reduce fire.

Objective factors, such as the intensive schedule and the referee’s ruling level, cannot be changed in a short time. Therefore, the way of suppressing fire, which is similar to punishing improper remarks, can not reduce the fire well, but is easy to be swallowed up by fire.

Therefore, Nantong Zhiyun, Wuhan Sanzhen and other clubs responded fiercely, and the behavior of club officials abusing referees on the court and questioning referees on social media off the court became more and more concentrated.

Fans in the stands and on social media are also angry.

For the current football in China, communication needs to be strengthened, and all parties need to reduce the fire.

In fact, in the 2021 season, the Super League used the mechanism of publicly responding to controversial penalties, but it did not last long, and such responses disappeared.

In addition, some fans suggested that it is possible to reconsider choosing an international referee in some 6-point battles related to championship or relegation.

Although this move may not necessarily put an end to the phenomenon of questioning the referee and the misjudgment and omission in the court, it can still alleviate the anger caused by various trust crises.

In any case, it is really precious that the league resumes home and away games, fans return to the stadium, and some stadiums even have a hard-to-find ticket. Football practitioners in China should cherish this fire, not anger. (End)

How to grow cherries big and sweet？ Here comes the exclusive secret of Liubu’s new ＂Cherry King＂

Another year of cherry red. On May 19th, at the opening ceremony of the 15th China Jinan Nanshan Cherry Picking Festival, after comprehensive evaluation by five authoritative experts in the industry, Qin Fujun, a grower in Majiayu Village, Liubu Street, Jinan City, won the title of "Cherry King" in Liubu Street this year with three indicators of sugar content of 29%, fruit diameter of 3.6 cm and best taste. At the opening ceremony, the simple fruit grower generously shared his exclusive planting secrets with the surrounding growers from the four dimensions of management in spring, summer, autumn and winter.

Qin Fujun, a new cherry king in Liubu

In spring management, it is mainly pruning and fertilization. At this time, it is necessary to remove the branches of pests and diseases and cut the tree into "uniaxial extension". This tree-shaped nutrient is concentrated, ventilated and transparent, and almost every fruit can see the sun. In the management of fertilizer and water in spring, there is no need for nitrogen fertilizer, because the nitrogen fertilizer in everyone’s field is enough for big cherries to absorb. Qin Fujun suggested that the majority of fruit farmers should apply more organic fertilizer and potassium fertilizer. There is also a little trick about watering. Most people water after applying fertilizer, but Qin Fujun does the opposite, watering first and then fertilizing. He said that this method is not easy to dilute fertilizer. Because Liubu is sandy loam with strong air permeability, applying fertilizer and watering it will dilute, volatilize and dilute the fertilizer, which will cause waste and is not conducive to fruit absorption.

In summer management, it is mainly to control prosperity. Qin Fujun said: "Let’s remember that if the tree is too prosperous, it will not bear fruit. It will only blossom and bear no fruit. The core of controlling prosperity is: twisting the tip, picking the heart and pulling out the bud. "

In autumn management, be careful not to apply fertilizer after picking, because applying fertilizer after picking is a misunderstanding. According to Qin Fujun’s years of experience, the leaves of big cherry are thick and big, and the nutrients absorbed by photosynthesis alone are enough for flower bud differentiation. If chemical fertilizer is applied during this period, the cherry trees will grow in vain and cannot form flower buds smoothly, and the next year will almost blossom without fruit.

In winter management, Qin Fujun’s experience is "raising grass". His orchard is covered with grass. This grass has many advantages. It can cover the surface of soil in winter and achieve a certain degree of constant temperature. When the cold current comes, it can resist part of it. In other words, with grass, the orchard will not be out of production in extremely cold weather. In addition, the mixture of stone and sulfur should be applied once before winter and once in spring. It can kill insects and sterilize, keep warm, and reduce the harm caused by extreme weather.

After receiving this heavy medal, the new "Cherry King" has mixed feelings: "There are all kinds of flavors in it." Affected by the weather this year, cherry orchard of Qin Fujun’s family is also facing a reduction in production, but the overall situation is much better than that of local fruit farmers, thanks to his planting methods. Talking about why he was so generous in teaching his own planting experience, he smiled and said, "Common prosperity."

Liubu big cherry

Liubu Big Cherry Picking Festival has been held for 15 consecutive years. At the opening ceremony, Shandong Fruit Association, Vegetable Basket Production and Marketing Alliance and Shandong JD.COM Agricultural Trade Development Co., Ltd. signed strategic cooperation agreements with Liubu Sub-district Office respectively. On-site setting and evaluation of outstanding farmers in big cherry management, "Cherry King" evaluation, "Cherry" taste sweet food competition and on-site lottery interaction, etc., citizens and tourists have participated in it.

Cherry has been planted in Liubu street for hundreds of years. In the past, small cherries were mainly planted, which were small in size, poor in taste and not resistant to storage. Since 1995, Wangjiayu Village has taken the lead in clearing hills and preparing soil, returning farmland to fruits and renewing old varieties. It has used three years to develop a planting area of more than 2,000 mu of high-quality big cherries, including more than 20 varieties such as red light, Zaodaguo and Brooks. During this period, with Wangjiayu as the core radiation, the surrounding villages successively developed large cherry planting of 8,000 mu.

Liubu Sub-district Office is the main fruit production base in Jinan and the key ecological function protection zone.

This year, Liubu Street has introduced 11 high-quality new varieties, such as Samit, Luying -5, Santimei, Qizao, Santina, Cordia, LuoYaming and Luying No.3, which are characterized by large fruit, sweetness and storage resistance. Up to now, Liubu Street has more than 10,000 mu of large cherry industrial base, which has become the largest large cherry planting base in Jinan.

(Rural Popular Daily reporter Liu Zhenzhen)

Source: Rural Popular Daily

Reporting/feedback

Jiyuan： Heyuan Street Primary School held the theme forum of ＂Learning-welcoming Classroom＂ in city primary schools.

In this activity, four teachers, Zhai Huimin, Wang Fang, Zhou Libo and Ran Huixia, shared the educational research and practical achievements of "Yue Xue Classroom" with teachers. Teacher Zhai Huimin shared "Yue Pin Le Xiang-Teaching and Research Practice Based on Primary School English Spelling Teaching", which used wonderful cases to analyze the selection method of primary school English theme scenes and the teaching mode of "independent Yue Pin"; Teacher Wang Fang shared "Reading Pleasure-A Preliminary Study on the Construction of English Reading Curriculum in Primary Schools", which introduced the construction and practice of E-interest English curriculum from the aspects of curriculum construction background, curriculum system design and curriculum framework. Teacher Zhou Libo shared the "Discourse-based Training Practice of" Yue Xue Classroom "in primary school English, which deeply interpreted Yue Xue classroom from the aspects of the development process, teaching concept and teaching paradigm, and pointed out the direction and strategy of Yue Xue topic practice. Finally, Mr. Ran shared "Based on the Curriculum Horizon, Implementing the" Happy Learning Classroom "in Primary School English", which made the teachers here have a deeper understanding of the "happy learning classroom" and pointed out the direction for English teaching in the future.

Henan college entrance examination reform plan： foreign languages will be tested twice in 2021 regardless of arts and sciences.

　　Henan college entrance examination reform plan was released and started in autumn of 2018.

　　College entrance examination in 2021: foreign language test twice regardless of arts and sciences.

　　Exam subjects: 3 optional subjects except language number.

　　In Henan college entrance examination in 2021, the division of arts and sciences will be abolished, and the total score of the college entrance examination will be 3 national unified examination subjects +3 selected examination subjects for high school level examination. Foreign languages will provide two examination opportunities and the listening test content will be increased … … Under the expectation of everyone, yesterday, the reform plan of Henan entrance examination was finally officially unveiled. In 2018, our province will start to implement a new comprehensive reform plan for college entrance examination, that is to say, senior one students who enter school in the autumn of the following year will become the first batch of "crab eaters" who take part in the new college entrance examination.

　　The plan revolves around the issues that everyone cares about, such as "what to change and how to change", from general education, vocational education, continuing education to higher education, from examination, admission to management, and the corresponding system design is carried out as a whole, and the reform timetable and road map are planned. Zhengzhou Evening News invited industry experts who participated in the formulation of the "Program" to make a detailed interpretation for the majority of candidates and parents.

　　Zhengzhou Evening News reporter Zhang Jingyu

　　Interpreter:

　　Wang Jidong, Director of Student Affairs Department of Provincial Education Department.

　　Liu Linya, Director of the Second Division of Basic Education, Provincial Education Department

　　Du Ximin, Deputy Director of Provincial Admissions Office

　　Time: fully launched in 2018

　　Our province will start the comprehensive reform of the college entrance examination enrollment system in 2018, which means that the first-year students in our province who are newly enrolled in the fall of 2018 will welcome the "new college entrance examination" in 2021. The "3+3" mode is adopted in the examination, which means that the total score of candidates consists of three subjects of Chinese, mathematics and foreign language (including foreign language listening) in the unified college entrance examination and three subjects of high school level examination selected by candidates themselves. In terms of admission, it is a common practice in developed countries and the direction of this reform to explore the reform of voluntary reporting and investment admission with professional priority.

　　Analysis:

　　Why start the comprehensive reform of college entrance examination in 2018?

　　The reason why it is scheduled to start in 2018 is mainly based on the fact that by 2017, the pilot cycle of a senior high school student can only be completed by the pilot of "one province and one city". For a province with a large source of students like Henan, the task of development is already very heavy, and the reform must be extremely cautious. By then, the reform experience that Henan can learn from will be more mature, which is crucial to ensure the smooth promotion of the reform of the examinee enrollment system in Henan and even the whole country. At the same time, it also provides more ample preparation time for our province.

　　At present, 25 provinces and cities across the country have announced reform plans.

　　■ Policy interpretation

　　What is the new model of "3+3" college entrance examination?

　　Arts and sciences are no longer divided into subjects, and "3+3" is the new model of college entrance examination in the future. The so-called "3+3" model means that the total score of candidates consists of three subjects of Chinese, mathematics and foreign language (including foreign language listening) in the unified college entrance examination and three subjects of high school academic level examination selected by candidates themselves. Among them, the scores of Chinese, mathematics and foreign languages in the unified college entrance examination remain unchanged. Foreign language subjects provide two test opportunities to increase the content of listening test, and candidates can choose the higher test score to count. According to the requirements of applying for colleges and universities and their own specialties, candidates choose three subjects from six subjects, including ideological and political, history, geography, physics, chemistry and biology, as the examination subjects.

　　In particular, it is worth mentioning that, in terms of admission, it is a common practice in developed countries to explore the reform of volunteering and filing admission methods with professional priority, which is also the direction of this reform.

　　How to change the academic proficiency test?

　　The reform of our province’s academic level examination will be tried out in 2017, and it will be officially implemented from the first grade of ordinary high schools enrolled in the fall of 2018, and the results will be presented in grades. The examination is divided into qualified examination and optional subject examination included in the total score of college enrollment.

　　The scope of the qualification examination covers the compulsory contents of all subjects in senior high schools stipulated by the state. The selected subjects are selected by candidates from ideological and political, history, geography, physics, chemistry, biology and other subjects according to the requirements of colleges and universities and their own specialties. The examination scope covers the compulsory and elective contents of all selected subjects.

　　The two major types of examinations are unified in the province, including unified proposition, unified examination, unified organization of marking and unified announcement of results. The results will be used as the main basis for the graduation of ordinary high school students and the recognition of high school equivalent, and the results of all subjects will be provided to enrollment universities.

　　What’s the use of passing exam results?

　　Ordinary high school students, students in other schools in high school stage, students with ordinary high school status, and those who apply for the same academic qualifications in ordinary high schools should take the qualification examination. Once a year, the exam will be held at the end of the last semester of each academic year, covering all subjects. Students have two exams for the same subject during their school days, and they can take one exam in the second and third stages of high school (including make-up exams). If students take multiple exams in the same subject, the higher score will prevail. Long-term effective grades are an important reference for independent enrollment in higher vocational colleges in our province.

　　How to choose the exam subjects?

　　The selected subjects will be arranged at the end of the next semester of senior three, and will be tested together with the unified college entrance examination in June, and will be conducted after the three subjects (except languages) of the college entrance examination. Once the selected subjects are determined, they shall not be changed.

　　Each student has an opportunity to take an exam, and students from other schools and social workers in senior high school take the elective subject exam with senior three students in ordinary senior high schools. The qualified test scores of the selected subjects must be qualified, and unqualified subjects shall not be selected as the selected subjects.

　　The examination results of qualified elective subjects are valid in the current year, and are converted into corresponding scores and included in the total scores of college enrollment, which is one of the basis for college enrollment.

　　According to the requirements of discipline construction and professional training, colleges and universities should put forward the requirements for students to choose the subjects and the methods for comprehensive quality evaluation, and announce them to the public in advance.

　　Illustration of Henan Province’s High-tech Policy Reform ①

　　(1) What does the unified college entrance examination take?

　　The subject scores remain unchanged, reducing the current "comprehensive literature" and "comprehensive science" examination subjects. The content of the examination will further enhance the foundation and comprehensiveness, and strengthen the ability of students to think independently and use what they have learned to analyze and solve problems.

　　Chinese

　　There are three exam subjects.

　　foreign language

　　mathematics

　　foreign language

　　Provide two exam opportunities

　　Increase the content of listening test

　　The total score of candidates

　　Unify the scores of Chinese, mathematics and foreign languages (including foreign language listening) in the college entrance examination.

　　Test scores of three elective subjects in high school academic level. (Selected subjects: Students can choose 3 subjects independently from 6 subjects, including ideological and political, history, geography, physics, chemistry and biology. )

　　Qualification examination

　　(2) Academic proficiency test subjects

　　The scope covers the compulsory content of all subjects in senior high school stipulated by the state, and students should study each course carefully.

　　Elective subjects

　　According to the requirements of colleges and universities and their own specialties, candidates independently choose three subjects from ideological and political, history, geography, physics, chemistry, biology and other subjects, and the examination scope covers the compulsory and elective contents of the selected subjects.

　　(3) Examination time

　　Qualification examination: arranged once a year, the examination will be held at the end of last semester of each academic year, covering all subjects. Students can take the exam once each in Grade Two and Grade Three (including make-up exams).

　　Elective subject examination: the time is arranged at the end of the next semester of senior three, and it will be taken together with the unified college entrance examination in June, and will be taken after the three subjects (except languages) of the college entrance examination. Once the selected subjects are determined, they shall not be changed.

　　(4) Number of examinations

　　During the period of school, students can take two qualified exams and one elective subject exam in the same subject.

　　Students in ordinary high schools are required to take the academic proficiency test. Students from other schools and social workers in high school can also sign up. Students, former students and social workers transferred from outside the province must take the elective subject examination organized by our province to participate in the college entrance examination.

　　(5) Examination results

　　According to the proportion of the number of people, the scores of the qualified examination are divided into

　　A B C D E five grades.

　　The test scores of selected subjects are divided into 5 grades, ranking from high to low.

　　The proportion of people at all levels of A B C D E is as follows:

　　Among them, the E grade is unqualified, and the proportion is not more than 5% in principle.

　　A 15%

　　B 30%

　　C 30%

　　D+E 25%

　　A 15%

　　B 30%

　　C 30%

　　D+E 25%

　　Only when the qualification examination reaches Grade D and above can you obtain the qualification of the corresponding elective subjects.

　　■ Policy interpretation

　　Admission is based on "two bases and one reference"

　　In the new college entrance examination reform scheme, the focus of the reform is to implement a comprehensive evaluation scheme of "two bases and one reference" for college entrance examination admission. The so-called "two bases, one reference" refers to the enrollment and admission mechanism based on the unified college entrance examination results, the high school academic level test results, and the comprehensive quality evaluation of students.

　　In addition, it is one of the key points of this reform to merge and reduce the enrollment batches of colleges and universities, so that students can choose suitable majors and schools from their interests and specialties. From 2017, our province will merge three batches of undergraduate courses with two batches of undergraduate courses, and gradually reduce the number of ordinary undergraduate courses.

　　Was there a transitional policy before the reform?

　　From 2016, the scope of parallel volunteer’s application will be expanded from the first batch and the second batch of ordinary college entrance examinations to the third batch of undergraduate courses and ordinary college admission batches (except for arts, sports, military, etc. in advance), so as to reduce the risk of candidates applying for the exam and improve the voluntary satisfaction rate. Starting from 2017, three batches of undergraduate courses and two batches of undergraduate courses will be jointly admitted, and the number of ordinary undergraduate courses will be gradually reduced.

　　■ Future development

　　The specific plan will be announced in 2018

　　According to reports, the Ministry of Education approved 17 provinces (autonomous regions) such as Henan to start the comprehensive reform of the examination enrollment system of ordinary colleges and universities in 2018, and the specific reform plan will be announced to the public in 2018. In addition, it will increase the opportunities for candidates in our province to receive high-quality higher education, gradually increase the number of rural students entering key universities, reduce and strictly standardize the extra points for college entrance examination, improve the enrollment methods for primary and secondary schools, and narrow the enrollment gap between regions, urban and rural areas and schools.

　　The Implementation Plan of Reducing and Standardizing the Items and Scores of College Entrance Examination in Henan Province was released last year. Next, our province will orderly introduce supporting reform plans such as comprehensive reform of college entrance examination enrollment system, high school level examination, and comprehensive quality evaluation of high school students.

　　Classified examination will become the main channel for higher vocational college enrollment.

　　The examination enrollment in higher vocational colleges is relatively separated from that in ordinary colleges, and the evaluation method of "cultural quality+vocational skills" is implemented. Graduates from secondary vocational schools (including technical schools) apply for higher vocational colleges and take part in the test of combining cultural foundation with professional skills. Ordinary high school graduates apply for higher vocational colleges, take part in vocational adaptability tests, and use high school academic level test scores for cultural quality scores, with reference to comprehensive quality evaluation.

　　Improve the enrollment method of individual examination in higher vocational colleges and gradually expand its enrollment scale. After 2017, classified examination enrollment will become the main channel for higher vocational colleges to enroll students. Students can still take the unified college entrance examination and enter higher vocational colleges.

　　Compulsory education in district system and nine years of consistent counterpart enrollment.

　　On the basis of compulsory education, we will try out district system and nine-year consistent counterpart enrollment methods. Optimize the allocation of educational resources, promote the balanced development of compulsory education, narrow the gap between regions, urban and rural areas and schools, and resolve the contradiction of choosing schools for admission.

　　Deepen the reform of the examination enrollment system in senior high schools, and gradually establish an enrollment system in senior high schools based on the examination results of junior high school level and comprehensive quality evaluation; Implement the enrollment method of reasonably allocating the enrollment places of high-quality schools to junior high schools in the region, and the allocation places shall not be lower than the proportion stipulated by the Ministry of Education; Improve the recruitment system and standardize the recruitment behavior.

　　Illustration of Henan Province’s High-tech Policy Reform ②

　　(6) What are the contents of the comprehensive evaluation of senior high school students?

　　Our province will try out the comprehensive quality evaluation of ordinary high school students from 2017, and the first-year ordinary high school students who entered school in the fall of 2018 will be officially implemented.

　　Comprehensive quality evaluation

　　Includes five aspects.

　　● Ideological and moral character: it mainly examines students’ performance in loving the party and patriotism, ideals and beliefs, honesty and trustworthiness, kindness and friendliness, responsibility and obligation, and law-abiding.

　　● Academic level: it mainly examines students’ basic knowledge, basic skills and ability to use knowledge to solve problems.

　　● Physical and mental health: mainly examine students’ lifestyle, physical exercise habits, physical function, sports skills and psychological quality.

　　● Artistic accomplishment: It mainly examines students’ aesthetic feeling, understanding, appreciation and performance of art..

　　● Social practice: it mainly examines students’ hands-on operation and experience in social life.

　　(7) What is the basis for college enrollment?

　　Two bases

　　A reference

　　● Colleges and universities will unify the results of the college entrance examination and the high school level examination according to the candidates.

　　● Select students according to their comprehensive quality evaluation.

　　(eight) the admission method has changed, and the reform is divided into three steps.

　　Low undergraduate and junior college general admission batches are all implemented in parallel volunteer. Our province continues to implement the unified college entrance examination results after the announcement of candidates to fill in their volunteers.

　　● Three batches and two batches of undergraduate courses will be admitted together, and the number of ordinary undergraduate courses will be gradually reduced.

　　first step

　　Starting from 2016, three batches of undergraduate students enrolled in the general college entrance examination and three batches of general admission to specialized colleges will try out the parallel volunteer filing method.

　　Second step

　　From 2017 onwards, three batches of undergraduate courses and two batches of undergraduate courses will be admitted together, and the number of ordinary undergraduate courses will be gradually reduced.

　　Third step

　　Accelerate the reform of candidates’ voluntary reporting mode and admission method based on their total scores, professional aspirations and learning specialties.

　　(9) candidates’ right to choose is expanded.

　　● The choice of examination methods is increased. Candidates can choose to enroll students in the unified college entrance examination according to their actual situation, or they can choose to enroll students in the classified examinations of vocational colleges, or they can also enroll students in the national independent enrollment pilot universities.

　　● The choice of examination subjects has significantly increased the number of examination subjects included in the total enrollment scores of colleges and universities. Students can choose three subjects from six subjects, including ideological and political, history, geography, physics, chemistry and biology, and there are 20 choice combinations, which can better meet the students’ development of their own academic specialties and interests, and change the current situation of choosing one from two in liberal arts.

　　(ten) to promote the classification examination of higher vocational colleges.

　　● Higher vocational colleges (including junior colleges)

　　Examination enrollment is relatively separated from ordinary colleges and universities, and the evaluation method of "cultural quality+vocational skills" is implemented.

　　● Graduates from secondary vocational schools (including technical schools) apply for higher vocational colleges.

　　Take the test of combining cultural foundation with professional skills.

　　● Ordinary high school graduates apply for higher vocational colleges.

　　Take the occupational adaptability test, use the high school academic level test scores for the cultural quality scores, and refer to the comprehensive quality evaluation.

　　■ Everyone talks.

　　Wang Hongxi, Associate Professor of Heda University:

　　Get rid of the "one test for life"

　　This reform can be regarded as the most comprehensive, systematic and comprehensive reform since the resumption of the college entrance examination, which will have a far-reaching impact on China’s basic education teaching practice, talent selection model and talent training in colleges and universities. Its purpose is to get rid of the disadvantages and crux of the development of basic education in our province caused by "only score theory" and "one exam for life", and finally realize educational fairness and promote scientific talent selection.

　　Dr. Huang Siji, Department of Education, anyang normal University:

　　"Forcing" Colleges and Universities to Accelerate Specialty Construction

　　The reform will "force" colleges and universities to explore and establish an enrollment model suitable for their own characteristics, and will also "force" colleges and universities to speed up the "specialty construction", and inspire colleges and universities to unswervingly take the road of connotative development and build strength and innovative development models with "professional development" as the core.

　　Forced junior high schools and primary schools to implement new ideas. China has implemented the new curriculum reform since 2001. Because the college entrance examination system has not been reformed, some places are still unwilling to reform. This reform will inspire schools in compulsory education to further change their educational concepts and innovate education and teaching management models and enrollment models.

　　Chen Baoxin, Henan Basic Education Teaching Research Office:

　　The evaluation is more comprehensive and the operation is simpler.

　　The new method makes it clear that the content of students’ comprehensive quality evaluation is divided into five aspects: ideological and moral character, academic level, physical and mental health, artistic accomplishment and social practice, and the key points of each aspect are clarified. At the same time, before the change, the comprehensive quality evaluation should be based on the evaluation contents and standards, and students should be divided into different grades through self-evaluation, peer evaluation, class evaluation and other links. It is emphasized that students should record and organize themselves through basic procedures such as realistic recording, sorting and selection, public review, and file formation. Except for a few evaluation contents such as academic proficiency tests, grades are generally not divided. The evaluation content is more comprehensive, the operation is simpler, and the management is more credible.

　　郑州航院招生就业处处长陶文信：

　　倒逼院校提升办学质量

　　以前招生只是按文理科分类，实行“3+3”后，就不同了。高校招生自主权扩大，整个录取由原来的被动变成主动。学生的选择权也随之加大，譬如，在选考时，只需选择高校、专业要求的相应科目即可。在如今文理分科的制度下，学生就只有两种选择，要么政史地，要么理化生。

　　合并录取批次，可倒逼院校提升办学质量。当前二本和三本分批次录取，二本院校不管教学质量如何，一般都能录到二本线以上的学生，三本院校即使办学质量很好，但也大多都在二本线下录取。明年二、三本批次合并后，教学质量好的三本院校就有可能比二本院校录取情况还好，这样一来，二本院校必须努力提升办学质量，才能保证生源。三本院校与二本院校在同一个起跑线上，在获得更多机会的同时，也需花更大的功夫提升办学质量。

Why is it so ＂pit＂ that the coach is unqualified and the swimming pool is unsanitary？

　　Ms. Kong’s 8-month-old child in Tianjin developed a small pimple on her stomach after swimming, and was diagnosed with contagious molluscum. She went to the hospital every one or two weeks and was completely cured in more than three months.

　　With parent-child swimming becoming more and more popular with young parents, swimming like Ms. Kong’s children is infected with various diseases, and even babies are in danger of drowning. A survey by Xinhua Viewpoint reporter found that many parents-child swimming classes, which cost hundreds of thousands of dollars at a time, lack qualified coaches, and the health management of swimming pools is chaotic, and the safety of children is not guaranteed.

　　Parent-child swimming blooms everywhere, and a class costs hundreds to thousands of dollars.

　　A reporter from a water education early education hall in Guangzhou saw that there was a pool of about 8 square meters in the middle of the water education hall, and there were two small swimming pools next to it. There were swimming AIDS such as neck rings, pillows and underarm rings in the hall. According to the person in charge of the swimming pool, children aged 0 to 6 can come to swim.

　　Parent-child swimming pools like this are blooming everywhere in major cities. The reporter visited many parent-child swimming institutions in Chengdu and Guangzhou and learned that the general courses are divided into group classes and private classes. Group class is a class where a coach leads many parents and children together, and the general charge is above 300 yuan per hour; Private classes are one-on-one teaching, and the tuition is relatively more expensive, usually thousands of dollars an hour.

　　Swimming institutions offer a wide variety of courses. The Australian "WWSS" course shown to reporters by a staff member of a large parent-child swimming pool in Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, shows that through learning, the baby can strengthen the ability of primitive reflex, hand-eye coordination and learn body control and breathing control. "The goal is to let the baby really learn to swim and fall in love with swimming. Our youngest here came to class 15 days after birth. " The staff member said.

　　It is understood that the courses of most parent-child swimming institutions are packaged and sold. The reporter saw in the investment list of "Yourui International Parent-child Swimming" that, taking Beijing as an example, the average unit price per class hour is 350 yuan according to the membership standard, and the average annual class hour per student is 40 class hours. Some parent-child swimming institutions in Guangzhou start selling at least 58 class hours, which means that parents invest at least about 20 thousand yuan at a time, and there are 70 thousand yuan or 80 thousand yuan in expensive class bags.

　　Changing water in the swimming pool cannot be guaranteed, and auxiliary equipment can be used at will.

　　Many parent-child swimming pools have advertised slogans such as "Enhance the baby’s physique from the root", "Children who swim for a long time have high immunoglobulin index in their blood", "Parent-child swimming makes babies less sick" and "Swimming is the only independent exercise that can start from the age of 0", and some institutions have also publicized the concept of "implanting foreign parent-child swimming concept".

　　"Parent-child swimming is just a normal exercise. Children’s swimming can really promote development and growth to a certain extent, but it does not have those exaggerated effects. Babies under 1 year old are very weak and still in the initial development. It is not recommended to start swimming too early. " Zhu Hua, chief pediatrician of Chengdu Third People’s Hospital, said.

　　Zhou Weihang, a former national swimmer, told reporters that many parents believe in the propaganda of some organizations and hope to achieve some unrealistic results through swimming. In fact, the main purpose of parent-child swimming is not to teach children to swim, but to explore each other and establish deeper parent-child feelings during swimming.

　　Hygiene is the most concerned issue in parent-child swimming. Some parents reported that although many swimming pools promised to change water every day, they could not guarantee it and were not supervised. In a large parent-child swimming pool in Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, the staff said that it was disinfected and replenished with new water every day. When the reporter asked whether to change the water every day, the staff vaguely said that the whole pool is close to 100 square meters, and it will take a long time to change it all, unless there are really children urinating in it, the water will be changed temporarily. "Changing the water will affect the course arrangement, and it is very troublesome to send a notice temporarily."

　　In order to prevent children from urinating in the water, the swimming pool will require children to wear waterproof diapers. The reporter saw in a parent-child swimming pool in Guangzhou that a warning paper was posted by the pool: "Any child who urinates in the pool will be fined 360 yuan." There are three children about one year old swimming in the big pool, and none of them are wearing waterproof diapers.

　　There are also many bath towels in swimming pools that also have health hazards. Ms. Kong told the reporter that the child was looking for the cause of the illness after he got sick. The doctor said that the child might have been exposed to unclean bath towels. Infectious molluscum is mainly transmitted through direct contact, and many patients are infected in public bathrooms or swimming pools.

　　In addition, security risks can not be ignored. Some parent-child swimming pools are quite casual in the use of baby swimming AIDS. A staff member of a swimming pool in Guangzhou told reporters that there is no uniform standard for children to use auxiliary swimming equipment. Generally, they wear neck rings for less than 6 months, pads for more than 6 months, and underarm rings for more than 2 years old.

　　Zhou Weihang introduced that the neck ring is easy to cause certain damage to the child’s spine. The children’s bones did not harden six months ago, and it is easy to hurt the spine with the neck ring, which poses a safety hazard. In May last year, a July-old boy in Fuzhou drowned in a swimming pool wearing a sitting swimming ring. Fortunately, the child was not life-threatening after being sent to hospital.

　　"Some informal swimming pools have misunderstandings about parent-child swimming, and the methods are more radical. They want to teach in a few months, and the curriculum is unreasonable, which does not meet the physical development of small babies." The coach of a parent-child swimming pool in Chengdu said.

　　Emerging industries urgently need to establish health and safety standards.

　　The reporter learned that at present, the opening of the parent-child swimming pool only needs to register a business license, and there are no standards such as health inspection and personnel requirements, and there is no clear supervision.

　　Coach is an important guarantee for children’s safety. The reporter learned in the investigation that some parent-child swimming pools claim to learn from foreign countries in their coaching training methods, but many of them have no qualifications at all. "Some parent-child swimming pools have almost zero threshold for recruiting employees. Some are kindergarten aunts who are recruited to be coaches of parent-child swimming. How to ensure the safety of children?" An industry insider in Chengdu said.

　　Shen Yong, head coach of a parent-child swimming pool in Guangzhou, said that there is no uniform standard for parent-child swimming pools in China at present, and it depends entirely on industry self-discipline. "For coach specifications, each swimming pool generally sets its own standards." Some standardized swimming pools require coaches to obtain lifeguard certificates and swimming social sports instructor certificates, and at the same time, they must be trained as parent-child swimming teachers for infants before they can take up their posts.

　　Chen Yunde, director of the Complaints and Consultation Department of Sichuan Consumer Protection Committee, said that parent-child swimming is a new industry, and it is urgent to formulate clear standards in sanitation and disinfection, personnel qualifications and safety management to ensure the safety of infants and young children. People in the industry call for speeding up the guidance and establishment of industry self-discipline standards, such as coach training mode and the threshold for recruiting students, so as to make this emerging industry develop healthily and orderly.

　　Zhu Hua and other experts said that parents should treat parent-child swimming correctly, and focus on parent-child interaction, instead of seeking to let babies learn swimming skills quickly.

　　(According to Xinhua News Agency, Chengdu, April 4 th)

The ＂answer sheet industry＂ behind the exam


Yang Daxin cartography


　　Internet has become the main tool for cheating.


　　　　With the approach of the entrance examination for postgraduate students in 2009, there are a lot of information on the Internet selling the answers to postgraduate entrance examinations. Enter any two of the keywords "postgraduate entrance examination, answer, postgraduate exam, and pass the exam" in the search engine, and you can easily see a large number of peddled posts.


　　　　"It’s less than 40 days before the’ postgraduate exam’. There is no free lunch in the world. It’s very important to choose a good home. It’s not good to expect mixed answers! My price is slightly more expensive than that of my peers, but it is worth the money, and a penny is worth the money! "


　　　　"Honesty and professionalism, caring service, and payment after the exam."


　　　　"The latest equipment in 2009, anti-shielding, anti-‘electronic dog’, let you feel at ease."


　　　　Among all the information, the author noticed three organizations selling answers —— "exam-aid alliance", "answer carrier" and "Zhongzheng Education and Training". The author wrote down their QQ and telephone numbers respectively, and talked with them as postgraduate students.


　　　　As soon as I talked, the "answer carrier" urged the author to "speak quickly, the exam is coming soon, and I have been busy with a lot of business recently."


　　　　"I’m preparing for the postgraduate entrance examination, but I’m not fully prepared. Can I get any help from you?" The author asked.


　　　　"You can provide answers in English and politics, and both subjects can be guaranteed to be above 70 points."


　　　　What is the concept of "over 70 points"?


　　　　In the postgraduate examinations in recent years, the national re-examination scores for English are all around 45 points. Although some popular majors in famous universities have higher requirements for English, they are all far below 70 points.


　　　　"English is guaranteed to be above 70 points", which is very attractive to most candidates.


　　　　Postgraduate entrance examination, as an extremely important national unified examination, according to common sense, the management of examination papers should be very strict, so where do the answers provided by the agencies selling answers come from?


　　　　In the conversation with Yonghui Education, the author asked: Can you provide the answers before the exam?


　　　　The answer is: "it’s impossible. If anyone has the correct answer before the exam, I’ll chop off my head and give it to you as a stool."


　　　　The "Test Aid Alliance" also said, "This is no better than CET-4 and CET-6, and it is very difficult to get the answers before the postgraduate exam."


　　　　It is very unlikely to get the test paper and answer before the exam. So where did the answer come from?


　　　　The "answer carrier" asked the author to log in to his QQ space, saying, "Take a good look and everything will be clear after reading it."


　　　　In the personal space of "Answer Aircraft Carrier", the author found a picture uploaded at 11: 29: 31 am on November 30, 2008, which was taken at the examination site. The content of the test paper "Administrative Ability Test" for civil servants in 2009 is from questions 111 to 115. Enlarge this picture and watch it clearly.


　　　　The time when the photo was sent-11: 29: 31 am on November 30, 2008 shows that the photo was sent during the exam.


　　　　Like the "answer carrier", many answer providers put some photos of the test papers on the website or QQ space to prove that they have the strength to get the test papers and provide effective answers. On the website of Zhongzheng Education and Training, the author saw six pictures of the operation of CET-4 and CET-6. In order to prove the shooting time, there was also a reference message on December 20 (the date of CET-4 and CET-6 in 2008). The middle position of the computer screen also showed that the shooting time was 10: 22: 44. At this time, the CET-4 in December 2008 was in progress.


　　　　In the column of "Proof of Strength" of its website, the "Test Aid Alliance" posted photos of the test papers of more than 10 test items, such as "08 Notes, Justice, 08 Public English Level 3, College English Level 4, Professional Physician, PETS Public English, CPA Certified Public Accountant, local civil servant in the first half of 2008, and 08 Professional English Level 4".


　　The website exposed the "answer in the exam" transmission.


　　　　What kind of high technology does the seller of answers rely on to get the test paper out from under the eyes of the invigilator?


　　　　According to the introduction of the "answer carrier" and a number of answer providers, the so-called "answer in the exam" mainly takes the following steps-


　　　　First of all, people who are qualified to take the postgraduate exam are hired to take the exam. On the day of the exam, the employees bring miniature scanning instruments or pinhole cameras with wireless transmission function into the examination room, and after they get the test papers, they send them to the off-site through the above equipment. After the off-site people get the test papers, they immediately send them to the hired experts who do the questions, and the experts who do the questions send the answers to the transit people in the shortest time. The transit people then send the answers to the QQ group composed of candidates who buy the answers, and then wait on the computer.


　　　　It can be seen that the internet plays an extremely important role in the process of cheating, whether it is pre-test propaganda or passing answers in the exam. Why do cheaters use the Internet to cheat so easily?


　　　　The author interviewed internet society of china and 12321 Bad Information Reporting Center, but both units declined the interview. Mr. Zhong, who is in charge of publicity at the Internet Society, said, "The Society is only a non-governmental organization. I suggest you find other units." The 12321 Reporting Center said that "we only accept reports here, and nothing else will be accepted."


　　　　Nowadays, you can still easily get a lot of information about selling answers through search engines, but the focus of selling has shifted from the postgraduate entrance examination to the upcoming local civil service examinations. For example, "Answer Aircraft Carrier" announced in its QQ space as early as a week before the postgraduate exam: the research exam is progressing smoothly and the Zhejiang civil service exam is being actively prepared.


　　Cheating equipment is mostly produced by Shenzhen enterprises.


　　　　Wireless cameras and pinhole cameras that send papers out of the examination room, wireless earphones that transmit answers, watches, pens, erasers that can display words, and professional transmitters … Where do these cheating tools with scientific and technological content come from?


　　　　"The equipment I recommend to you is the new model in 2009. It is not an earphone or a pen, but a mechanical watch that can take pictures. On the surface, this kind of watch is no different from ordinary watches, and the information displayed on it can only be seen within half a meter from the watch screen. "Answer Aircraft Carrier" introduced the superior performance of this cheating watch to the author with great interest and sent a URL link through QQ.


　　　　The introduction of all kinds of cheating devices on the webpage is extremely detailed, but there is no explanation for the company address, customer service phone number and email. The author entered the ICP number of this website into the website management system of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, and the query result was "No information found"-this website is illegal.


　　　　According to the inquiry of the brand (SUNLIPS) of cheating watches provided by Answer Aircraft Carrier, we know that this mechanical information table is produced by Sanlipu (Hong Kong) Network Technology Co., Ltd., a network technology company registered in Hong Kong and produced in Shenzhen. The author called the marketing manager of the company, and when asked if he knew that the sales agents in various places sold the watch to the answer provider for cheating, the manager hastily hung up the phone without asking whether he could.


　　　　In the follow-up unannounced visit to Yonghui Education, the author has continuous and in-depth contact with the answer buyer Mavericks (a pseudonym). The night before the postgraduate exam, Mavericks said that they had bought an information form for cheating at Yonghui Education. When I looked at the information table, I found a "instruction manual of SUNLIPS mechanical pointer information table". The calf said to the author, "This is the manual of the watch."


　　　　In this year’s postgraduate examination, the "answer carrier" is not the only one who focuses on the mechanical information table. In contact with the "test-aid alliance", the "test-aid alliance" also believes that the safest equipment this year is the mechanical information table. "Many people tried it in the CET-4 and CET-6, and it generally reflected well."


　　　　The mechanical information table recommended by the "Test Aid Alliance" is more advanced, and you need to wear special glasses to see the contents presented on the watch screen through infinite transmission. "The naked eye can only see the dial and the hands."


　　　　After repeated inquiries by the author, the "Test Aid Alliance" revealed the brand of the mechanical information table-"Will Reiss". Upon inquiry, the "Welles" mechanical watch was produced by Shenzhen Welles Technology Development Co., Ltd. In the prominent position of the company’s website, there is a detailed introduction to the "photoelectric dense display pointer paging watch": "1. Anti-cheating gram, invisible earphone detector, electronic dog; 2, to prevent leaks, to prevent others from peeping, breaking the characteristics of traditional pagers that are not confidential enough. The first special glasses introduced from Germany Short photoelectric technology and matched with ordinary appearance in China can really be seen by me, even if others are around or facing the sun. Safety comes first in the information age; 3, the shield, this product adopts forward error correction, data interleaving access, adaptive equalization and other technologies, so that the shield has a very small impact on it … "


　　　　Check out the display of products produced by Shenzhen Weireisi Technology Development Co., Ltd., including "photoelectric dense display pointer paging watch, transmitter antenna, 50W transmitter, glasses and ruler (when they are at a certain angle, you can observe infinitely transmitted words)". All the above products are cheating tools highly recommended by online vendors.


　　　　Login to the "Enterprise Information Inquiry System" of Shenzhen Administration for Industry and Commerce failed to find the relevant information of Shenzhen Weireisi Technology Development Co., Ltd.. The person in charge of the company’s surname Liu said to the author on the phone: "You have no right to know whether the enterprise is registered in the Industrial and Commercial Bureau." And said angrily: "You and I have no grievances in the past and no enmity in recent days. I hope you don’t ask for trouble."

Editor: Li Xiuwei

Two departments： after 2020, candidates with technical secondary school education will no longer be accepted to take the licensed pharmacist exam.

　　BEIJING, March 20 (Xinhua) According to the website of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, National Medical Products Administration and the heads of relevant departments of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security answered questions from reporters on the Provisions on the Professional Qualification System for Licensed Pharmacists and the Implementation Measures for the Professional Qualification Examination for Licensed Pharmacists. The relevant person in charge said that this system revision has set up a connection plan for the transition between the old and new systems for technical secondary school education. The transition period will end on December 31, 2020, and candidates with technical secondary school education will no longer be accepted after 2020.

　　1. What is the background and significance of the revision of the System Regulations and Examination Measures?

　　A: The licensed pharmacist system in China was established in 1994. In 1999, the former National Medical Products Administration and the former Ministry of Personnel jointly revised the Interim Provisions on the Qualification System of Licensed Pharmacists and the Implementation Measures for the Qualification Examination of Licensed Pharmacists (No.34 [1999] of the People’s Republic of China, hereinafter referred to as "Document No.34"), which clearly stipulated that licensed pharmacists should implement a unified national outline, unified examination, unified registration and unified management. Over the years, licensed pharmacists have played an active role in guiding the public to use drugs safely and rationally and ensuring the quality and safety of drugs. By the end of 2018, the number of people who passed the licensed pharmacist qualification examination had reached 1.03 million.

　　With the implementation of new laws and regulations and the development of drug safety supervision, some new situations and problems have emerged in the work of licensed pharmacists, and Circular 34 has been unable to meet the needs of the construction and development of licensed pharmacists and supervision. First, with the development of China’s pharmaceutical higher education and the increasing demand for public medication safety, the admission conditions for licensed pharmacists stipulated in Document No.34 can no longer meet the requirements of the current situation. Second, in view of the outstanding problems in the management of licensed pharmacists, such as "certificate attachment" and the failure of enterprises to equip licensed pharmacists as required, Circular No.34 lacks corresponding punishment clauses and grass-roots supervision cannot be relied upon. Third, the administrative subject of the implementation of the current system has changed several times.

　　In order to meet the needs of reform and development, rationalize the management rights and responsibilities of licensed pharmacists, speed up the construction of licensed pharmacists, and ensure the safe and effective use of drugs by the public, the two departments revised Circular 34 on the basis of fully listening to opinions from many parties.

　　Two, compared with the original system, what are the main changes in the "system regulations" and "examination methods"?

　　A: First, improve the entry threshold for licensed pharmacists’ academic qualifications, adjust the minimum academic qualifications from technical secondary school to junior college, and appropriately increase the working years of candidates in related majors in pharmacy (Chinese pharmacy). The second is to carry out information management on the registration of licensed pharmacists nationwide, establish credit records of licensed pharmacists, and conduct credit management on practice activities. The third is to clarify the punishment measures for licensed pharmacists and practicing units, and to restrict licensed pharmacists with bad information records when applying for registration. The fourth is to strengthen the operability of linking the professional qualification of licensed pharmacists with the intermediate professional title of pharmacy. Fifth, it is clear that Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan residents are treated equally with mainland residents when they participate in national licensed pharmacist qualification examination, registration, continuing education and practice. Sixth, adjust the examination period from two years to four years, and extend the examination period appropriately.

　　3. What are the specific requirements of the "Regulations" for the qualification examination of licensed pharmacists?

　　A: In order to improve the quality of licensed pharmacists, strengthen the professionalism of the team, and highlight the post practice requirements, this revision will adjust the entry threshold for licensed pharmacists’ academic qualifications from secondary school to junior college, and appropriately increase the working years of relevant professional candidates in pharmacy (Chinese pharmacy).

　　The "Regulations" clarify that all People’s Republic of China (PRC) citizens and foreigners who are allowed to work in China can apply for the professional qualification examination for licensed pharmacists if they meet one of the following conditions: (1) They have obtained a college degree in pharmacy and Chinese medicine, and have worked in pharmacy or Chinese medicine for 5 years; (two) to obtain a bachelor’s degree or bachelor’s degree in pharmacy or Chinese medicine, and to work in pharmacy or Chinese medicine for 3 years; (3) Having obtained the second bachelor’s degree, graduate class or master’s degree in pharmacy or Chinese pharmacy, and having worked in pharmacy or Chinese pharmacy for one year; (four) to obtain a doctorate in pharmacy and traditional Chinese medicine; (5) Persons who have obtained corresponding academic qualifications or degrees in pharmacy or traditional Chinese medicine will have their working years in pharmacy or traditional Chinese medicine increased by one year.

　　4. How do the Examination Measures stipulate the conditions for applying for some examination subjects with exemption?

　　A: The "Examination Measures" canceled the original working years for the conditions for applying for some examination subjects that are exempt from examination. In accordance with the relevant provisions of the state, those who have obtained senior professional titles in pharmacy or medicine and work in pharmaceutical posts may be exempted from taking the examination of pharmaceutical professional knowledge (1) and pharmaceutical professional knowledge (2), and only take the examination of pharmaceutical management and regulations and pharmaceutical comprehensive knowledge and skills; Those who have obtained the senior professional title of Chinese medicine or Chinese medicine and work in the post of Chinese medicine can be exempted from the examination of Chinese medicine professional knowledge (1) and Chinese medicine professional knowledge (2), and only take the examination of pharmaceutical affairs management and regulations and comprehensive knowledge and skills of Chinese medicine.

　　Applicants with senior titles who meet the requirements of exemption from the two subjects must work in pharmacy or traditional Chinese medicine and obtain senior titles in pharmacy or medicine, and their qualifications for senior titles should be obtained before the deadline for registration. Those who have worked in pharmacy or Chinese pharmacy and obtained senior professional titles in pharmacy or medicine but have not been employed in the corresponding positions may apply for the exam.

　　V. What transitional policies or measures are there for the applicants with technical secondary school education in this revision?

　　A: In order to protect the legitimate rights and interests of candidates, this system revision has set up a bridging scheme for the transition between the old and new systems for technical secondary school education, with the transition period ending on December 31, 2020. Those who meet the requirements of the original No.34 document and register for the examination in 2018 and 2019, the validity period of the examination results shall be implemented according to the original provisions of 2 years; Those who sign up for the exam in 2020 should complete all the exam subjects within that year, and will no longer accept candidates with secondary school education after 2020.

　　Six, how to manage the continuing education of licensed pharmacists, and how to effectively link the registration management with continuing education?

　　A: Licensed pharmacists should receive continuing education, update their professional knowledge and improve their professional level in accordance with the relevant provisions of the national continuing education for professional and technical personnel. The state encourages licensed pharmacists to participate in practical training. The continuing education credits of licensed pharmacists shall be recorded in the national licensed pharmacist registration management information system in time by the continuing education management institution.

　　7. How are the professional qualifications and professional titles of licensed pharmacists linked?

　　A: In order to implement the relevant requirements of the reform of the central professional title system and promote the effective connection between the professional qualification system and the professional title system, the "System Regulations" clearly stipulates that professional and technical personnel who have obtained the professional qualification of licensed pharmacists can be recognized as having the title of competent pharmacist or competent Chinese pharmacist, and can be used as a condition for applying for a higher-level professional title. The unit selects the best one according to the needs of the work.

　　Eight, the "Regulations" on the "Licensed Pharmacist Registration Certificate" linked to other acts of what punishment?

　　A: In order to solve the problem of law enforcement at the grass-roots level, the "Regulations on the System" stipulates a number of measures to solve the regulatory problems such as the on-the-job absence of licensed pharmacists and the affiliation of the Registered Certificate of Licensed Pharmacists. For example, the second paragraph of Article 13 stipulates that applicants for registration must abide by the law and discipline, abide by the professional ethics of licensed pharmacists, and have no bad information records. Article 26 stipulates that units that fail to equip licensed pharmacists according to regulations shall be ordered by the local drug supervision and administration department at or above the county level to equip them within a time limit, and shall be punished in accordance with relevant laws and regulations. Article 28 stipulates that if a licensed pharmacist registration certificate is obtained by cheating, bribery or other improper means, the licensed pharmacist registration certificate shall be revoked by the issuing department and the licensed pharmacist shall not be registered within three years; If a crime is constituted, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law. It is strictly forbidden to link the Licensed Pharmacist Registration Certificate. If the registered unit of the holder is inconsistent with the actual work unit, the Licensed Pharmacist Registration Certificate shall be revoked by the issuing department and recorded in the national licensed pharmacist registration management information system as personal bad information by the department responsible for drug supervision and administration. Units that buy, sell or lease the Licensed Pharmacist Registration Certificate shall be punished in accordance with relevant laws and regulations.

　　The "Regulations on the System" clarifies the punishment measures for the violations of licensed pharmacists and practicing units, so that grass-roots supervision has laws to follow. When applying for registration of licensed pharmacists with bad information records, the registration will not be approved until the bad information records are revoked. Through the establishment of licensed pharmacists’ integrity records and licensed pharmacists’ big data management, we will increase the crackdown on licensed pharmacists’ "hanging certificates" and establish a normalization mechanism for "hanging certificates" governance.

　　9. What are the new regulations for Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan residents in this revision?

　　A: In order to further facilitate the work and life of Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan residents in the Mainland (Mainland) and promote the technical exchange of pharmaceutical professionals and technicians, the "System Regulations" has specially added relevant provisions for Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan residents to apply for the professional qualification of licensed pharmacists, making it clear that Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan residents’ application for national licensed pharmacist qualification examination, registration, continuing education, practice and other activities, just like mainland (Mainland) residents, should be handled with reference to relevant regulations.

　　X. How to promote the follow-up work after the promulgation of the "System Provisions" and "Examination Measures"?

　　A: We will do a good job in the following four aspects: First, we will do a good job in organizing and implementing the system. Carry out various forms of publicity and policy interpretation, so that the majority of pharmaceutical technicians can fully know, understand and support the newly revised "System Provisions" and "Examination Methods". Second, taking the opportunity of system revision, we will carry out centralized rectification of licensed pharmacists in pharmaceutical retail enterprises to promote the healthy and benign development of licensed pharmacists’ professional qualification system. The third is to pay close attention to the revision of the "Administrative Measures for the Registration of Licensed Pharmacists" and other supporting documents. The fourth is to implement the development goals and tasks of licensed pharmacists in the "Thirteenth Five-Year National Drug Safety Plan", strengthen the supervision and inspection of licensed pharmacists in retail pharmacies, standardize the practice behavior of licensed pharmacists, and guide and urge enterprises to implement the main responsibility of licensed pharmacists.

Zhilin Information applied for the patent of remote vocational education examination system and method based on cloud service, and realized the remote vocational education examination system with flex

The patent abstract shows that the invention discloses a remote vocational education examination system and method based on cloud services, which relates to the technical field of remote examinations, and comprises a system management module, a test paper generation module, an online examination module and an analysis feedback module; The system management module is used to manage data storage and backup, the cloud server interface connected with the education system and data security detection; The test paper generation module is used to screen out the test questions from the test question bank according to the distribution, difficulty, innovation and novelty of knowledge points; The online examination module monitors the abnormal behavior of candidates in real time from two aspects: surveillance video monitoring and network activity monitoring; The analysis and feedback module adjusts the test paper generation method based on the examinee’s comprehensive anomaly index. The invention realizes a remote vocational education examination system with flexible test paper generation method and comprehensive abnormal behavior monitoring method.