标签： 武汉夜生活网

　　Recently, the largest public centralized charging station in Henan Province — — "United Fast Charging" was put into operation in Zhengzhou, and all charging piles were charged with high-power DC fast charging, which can meet the requirements of charging more than 100 new energy vehicles at the same time. The picture shows the driver preparing to charge the new energy vehicle. Photo by Zhang Tao (Zhongjing Vision)

　　After the subsidy retreat, domestic new energy vehicles will not only face competition with traditional fuel vehicles, but also compete with foreign new energy vehicle brands. Impressing consumers with suitable and high-quality products may be the most effective means for new energy vehicle manufacturers to resolve market risks. The core of competition among new energy automobile manufacturers is the competition of product technology and service.

　　With the end of the first half of 2019, new energy vehicles have truly entered the post-subsidy era.

　　Chen Shihua, Assistant Secretary-General of China Association of Automobile Manufacturers, said that the current new energy vehicle market is still a market stimulated by policies, and with the support of national and local policies, it is in a rapid rising cycle. The decline of this subsidy is expected to have little long-term impact on the industry, and the previous prediction of the annual production and sales of 1.6 million new energy vehicles in 2019 will remain unchanged.

　　After waiting and seeing, the price increase is inevitable.

　　June 25th is the last day of the switching period between the subsidy policy for new energy vehicles in 2018 and the subsidy policy for new energy vehicles in 2019. Since June 26th, consumers have enjoyed the most subsidies or reduced them by 58%.

　　"The withdrawal of subsidies mainly takes into account that the development of the new energy automobile industry has begun to take shape." Zhou Yi, assistant researcher of the Ministry of Industry of the State Council Development Research Center, said. Before 2014, the output of new energy vehicles was very small, less than 20,000. In 2014, the output jumped to 78,000. In 2018, the sales of new energy vehicles in China reached 1.256 million, accounting for more than half of the world’s total, with remarkable achievements.

　　In fact, the rapid growth of new energy vehicles in China in the past is inseparable from subsidies. According to the "Announcement on the Preliminary Review of Subsidies for the Promotion and Application of New Energy Vehicles in 2016 and Previous Years" published on the website of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology in March this year, nearly 12.6 billion yuan of subsidies will be distributed to nearly 100 enterprises, of which BYD will become the biggest beneficiary with 2.689 billion yuan, and Geely will rank second with 1.111 billion yuan.

　　With the subsidy for new energy vehicles declining year by year, independent car companies will naturally be affected to varying degrees, especially whether the price of new energy vehicles will increase, which has become the focus of consumers’ attention.

　　The reporter recently visited some 4S stores in Beijing, such as Chery, BYD and GAC New Energy, and has not seen a clear price increase notice. They are all selling cars at the subsidy standard of 2018.

　　Chen Shihua said, "At present, the profit rate of new energy vehicles is very low, and it is difficult for car companies themselves to bear the reduction of subsidies." "After the subsidy has dropped, the cost of car companies has increased substantially. If consumers do not accept the price increase, it will be difficult for market demand to start effectively." Cui Dongshu, Secretary-General of the National Passenger Car Market Information Association, said that the subsidy for new energy vehicles is much lower than the cost reduction of car companies, and the profit pressure of new energy car companies is greater. Car companies should not only cover manufacturing costs, but also consider the capital cost of subsidies that are not in place, so they will definitely raise prices.

　　Competition will be more intense.

　　"In recent years, in addition to the increase in quantity, the quality of new energy vehicles and the development of industrial chain have also been greatly improved." Zhou Yi said.

　　From the quality point of view, the battery life is generally on the rise. A-class electric vehicles with a standard cruising range of more than 400 kilometers have become the mainstream, and the intelligent interconnection is also developing continuously. The level of automatic driving test is getting higher and higher, and the localization replacement rate and globalization level of parts and components are also constantly improving. From the industrial chain point of view, the upstream and downstream industrial chains of new energy vehicles are more complete, and a number of excellent enterprises have emerged in the fields of power batteries, non-battery accessories and other parts, complete vehicles such as independent brands and new Internet forces, and manufacturing and operation of charging piles.

　　And the fast-growing new energy automobile industry will be affected after stepping on the "brake" of subsidy retreat?

　　"The challenge is that the competition will be more intense in the future." Zhou Yi said that after the withdrawal of subsidies, domestic new energy vehicles not only face competition with traditional fuel vehicles, but also with foreign new energy vehicle brands, and there is fierce competition within domestic new energy vehicles.

　　Lu Fuyong, a lecturer in industrial economy and national economy in university of international business and economics, has been paying attention to the development of new energy automobile industry in recent years. He told reporters that in the era of subsidies for new energy vehicles, there are four aspects of market risks: First, the competition in the overall market will be further intensified, and the subsidy policy will make the competition more intense, and the industry will gradually move toward the survival of the fittest. In this process, traditional car companies still have certain competitive advantages. Second, the real demand of consumers will gradually become clear. In the past, due to the support of policies, the market has always overestimated the real demand of consumers, and it is very likely that the market demand will fall back in the short term. The third is the risk of capital. In recent years, the new forces of car-making have risen rapidly with the help of capital. As the sales of new energy vehicles move from hot to stable, there is uncertainty whether these capitals will still be active in the industry. The fourth is the technical service risk.

　　Lu Fuyong believes that how to grasp the real needs of consumers in the post-subsidy era and impress consumers with suitable and high-quality products may be the most effective means for new energy vehicle manufacturers to resolve market risks. "In the future, the competition of new energy automobile manufacturers will gradually shift to the comprehensive value competition of products, and the core is the competition of product technology and service."

　　Lu Fuyong said that with the growth of new energy vehicles and the extension of service life, traffic and safety accidents related to new energy vehicles will further increase, and the short service life of new technologies will increase product risks; At the same time, new energy vehicles recalled due to product quality problems are also accumulating. The core to solve these problems is still to improve product quality and technical services, which is also the main difficulty faced by new energy vehicle manufacturers.

　　Intelligentization will become the commanding height.

　　"In 2019, China’s automobile market will still run at a low speed, but new energy vehicles will continue to grow. New energy automobile products should be customized in design, intelligent in function and platformized in development. " Shi Jianhua, Deputy Secretary-General of China Automobile Industry Association, said that with the rapid advancement of scientific and technological revolution, the new generation of information technologies such as 5G, cloud computing and artificial intelligence are deeply integrated with automobile transportation and other fields, which constantly promotes the formation of multi-dimensional information interaction networks between cars, roads, people and clouds, and people’s production and lifestyle are undergoing profound changes. Smart cars have become the commanding heights of the future development of the automobile industry.

　　Shi Jianhua believes that in the future, the automobile industry should take green and intelligence as the development direction, and will focus on breaking through the key components of fuel cell technology and related industrial chains, advance the research and development and industrial application of intelligent driving technology, enhance the green and intelligent level of the industry, and accelerate the development of new energy and intelligent networked vehicles.

　　Zhou Yi said that at present, there is a trend of "interconnection, autonomous driving, sharing and electrification" in the global automobile industry, and the networking of vehicles, autonomous driving and electric vehicles are closely related, and with the rise and application of 5G technology, it is expected that the application scenarios of electric vehicles under 5G will be more abundant in the future. In this context, the new energy vehicle market will be polarized in the future, and a few car companies will stand out because of their technical and cost advantages.

　　"Whether new technologies and new industrial formats such as autonomous driving, car networking, intelligent transportation and driverless taxis can be commercialized on a large scale depends entirely on many factors such as cost, technology maturity and consumer acceptance." Zhou Yi said, but what is certain is that China has taken the lead in international exploration in these fields due to its huge market scale and abundant capital market, and it is expected to lead the global development in the future. (Economic Daily China Economic Net reporter Liu Wei)

　　UN Security Council Secretary-General Guterres called for the establishment of a global regulatory body to supervise artificial intelligence, in much the same way as other institutions supervise aviation, climate and nuclear energy. The proposed institution is composed of artificial intelligence experts, sharing their expertise with government and administrative agencies that may lack relevant technical knowledge.

　　Zhang Jun, Permanent Representative of China to the United Nations, pointed out that in order to seek technological hegemony and build exclusive circles, some developed countries maliciously obstruct the technological development of other countries with various excuses and actions and artificially create technological barriers, which China resolutely opposes.

　　On July 18th, local time, the UN Security Council held a high-level public meeting with the theme of "Opportunities and risks brought by artificial intelligence to international peace and security". Antonio guterres, Secretary-General of the Security Council, called for the establishment of a global regulatory body to supervise this new technology.

　　This is the first time that the Security Council has held a meeting on artificial intelligence. Zhang Jun, Permanent Representative of China to the United Nations, put forward five principles on the governance of artificial intelligence: first, adhere to ethics first; second, adhere to safety and controllability; third, adhere to fairness and inclusiveness; fourth, adhere to openness and tolerance; and fifth, adhere to peaceful use.

　　It is still far from reaching a legally binding resolution.

　　On the same day, Guterres, Jack Clark, co-founder of Anthropic, an artificial intelligence startup, and Ceng Yi, a researcher at the Institute of Automation, China Academy of Sciences, gave a briefing.

　　Guterres warned that artificial intelligence is playing a role in many fields, but it may also be used by malicious people, including using it for terrorism, inciting hatred and violence. He welcomed the call for the establishment of a new UN agency, saying it would help to maximize the role of artificial intelligence and better manage risks. He said that the artificial intelligence regulatory agency of the United Nations should standardize, supervise and enforce the rules of artificial intelligence, and the supervision method is roughly the same as that of other institutions in supervising aviation, climate and nuclear energy.

　　At the meeting, diplomats and leading experts in the field of artificial intelligence explained to the Security Council the risks and threats of artificial intelligence technology, as well as its scientific and social benefits. They said that although the development speed of this technology is accelerating, there are still many unknowns. "It’s like making an engine without understanding the combustion principle." Clark said that private companies should not be the only creators and regulators of artificial intelligence.

　　The body proposed by the Security Council is composed of experts in the field of artificial intelligence, who will share their expertise with government and administrative agencies that may lack technical knowledge to solve the threat of artificial intelligence.

　　At present, it is still far from reaching a legally binding resolution on governance. However, most diplomats support the formulation of global governance mechanisms and international rules.

　　James Cleverly, the British Foreign Secretary who presided over the meeting, said: "No country is immune from artificial intelligence, so we must involve the broadest alliance of international actors from all fields." Britain holds the rotating presidency of the Security Council this month.

　　China: Oppose the use of artificial intelligence to seek military hegemony.

　　Zhang Jun pointed out in his speech that artificial intelligence, as a "double-edged sword", is good or bad, good or evil, depending on how human beings use it, how to regulate it, and how to coordinate science, development and security. The international community should uphold the true spirit of multilateralism, conduct extensive dialogues, constantly build consensus, and explore the guiding principles for the governance of artificial intelligence. China supports the United Nations to play a central coordinating role in this regard, supports Secretary-General Guterres to convene in-depth discussions among all parties, and supports all countries, especially developing countries, to fully participate in and make contributions.

　　Zhang Jun put forward five principles about artificial intelligence governance. First, adhere to ethics first. To ensure that artificial intelligence technology will always benefit mankind, we must take "people-oriented" and "intelligence for goodness" as the basic criteria to standardize the development direction of artificial intelligence and avoid this technology becoming a "runaway wild horse". On this basis, gradually establish and improve the artificial intelligence ethics, laws and regulations and policy system.

　　The second is to adhere to safety and controllability. There are many uncertainties in the development and application of artificial intelligence related technologies, and safety is the bottom line that must be kept. The international community should strengthen risk awareness, establish an effective risk early warning and response mechanism, ensure that risks beyond human control do not occur, ensure that machines do not kill themselves, and ensure that humans have the ability to press the stop button at critical moments.

　　Guterres said on the same day that the United Nations must reach a legally binding agreement before 2026 to ban the use of artificial intelligence in automated war weapons.

　　The third is to adhere to fairness and inclusiveness. Zhang Jun said that developing countries’ equal access to and utilization of artificial intelligence technologies, products and services is essential to bridge the technological gap, digital gap and development gap between North and South. In order to seek hegemony in science and technology and build an exclusive circle, some developed countries maliciously obstruct the technological development of other countries with various excuses and actions and artificially create barriers to science and technology. China firmly opposes this.

　　The fourth is to adhere to openness and tolerance. The development of science and technology should achieve a relative balance between promoting technological progress and ensuring safe application. The best way is to maintain open cooperation, encourage interdisciplinary, cross-disciplinary, cross-regional and cross-border exchanges and dialogues, oppose various forms of "small courtyard walls" and "decoupling and breaking chains", and create an open, inclusive, fair and non-discriminatory environment for scientific and technological development.

　　The fifth is to adhere to peaceful use. It is necessary to focus on tapping the potential of artificial intelligence in promoting sustainable development, promoting cross-disciplinary integration and innovation, and better empowering global development. The Security Council can deeply study the application and influence of artificial intelligence in conflict situations and take measures to enrich the United Nations peace toolbox. All countries should uphold a responsible national defense policy and oppose the use of artificial intelligence to seek military hegemony and undermine the sovereignty and territorial integrity of other countries.

　　Zhang Jun said that China adheres to the concept of the community of human destiny and has always participated in the global cooperation and governance of artificial intelligence with a highly responsible attitude, and has successively submitted two position papers on the military application and ethical governance of artificial intelligence on the UN platform. China is willing to work with the international community to actively implement global development initiatives, global security initiatives and global civilization initiatives in the field of artificial intelligence, adhere to development priorities, safeguard common security, promote cross-cultural exchanges and cooperation, join hands with countries to share artificial intelligence technological achievements, and jointly prevent and respond to risk challenges.

　　On August 9, more than 20 college students from many places in South Korea formed a "delegation against Fukushima nuclear polluted water discharging into the sea" to hold a protest rally in Tokyo, Japan, and strongly opposed the Japanese government’s plan to force nuclear polluted water discharging into the sea.

　　Our reporter Yue Linyi photo

　　According to media reports, Japan is studying to start the discharge of Fukushima nuclear polluted water into the sea as early as late August. The Japanese government’s behavior of ignoring the legitimate and reasonable concerns of all parties and insisting on promoting the plan of discharging nuclear polluted water into the sea has triggered continuous opposition and criticism from Japan and the international community. All parties urge the Japanese government to fully respond to the concerns of the international community, fulfill its due moral responsibilities and obligations under international law, stop pushing the plan of sea discharge, fully communicate with neighboring countries in a sincere manner, ensure the safe disposal of nuclear polluted water, and accept strict international supervision.

　　"The Japanese government should abandon the established route of discharging nuclear polluted water into the sea."

　　On August 9, more than 20 college students from many places in South Korea formed a "delegation against Fukushima nuclear pollution" to hold a protest rally near the Prime Minister’s residence and the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry in Tokyo, Japan. The students held banners and slogans such as "Oppose the discharge of nuclear polluted water into the sea" and "Don’t pollute everyone’s sea" and shouted slogans such as "Stop Fukushima nuclear polluted water from discharging into the sea" and "Preserve nuclear polluted water on land", and strongly opposed the Japanese government’s plan to force nuclear polluted water to discharge into the sea.

　　Park Jae-min, a student from Korea’s Jianguo University who participated in the protest rally, told this reporter that the safety of Fukushima’s nuclear polluted water discharged into the sea has not been fully verified, and it is impossible to eliminate the worries and uneasiness of ordinary people all over the world, including South Korea. South Korea and Japan are close neighbors, and the discharge of Fukushima nuclear polluted water into the sea is bound to do harm to ordinary people in South Korea and seriously affect South Korea’s marine fisheries.

　　On August 7th, Japanese citizens’ groups held a theme forum on "Opposing Nuclear Pollution Water Discharging into the Sea" in Nagasaki City. More than 100 citizens and students from Nagasaki and all over Japan attended the forum. In his speech, the host Gu Yazhi said that discharging nuclear polluted water into the sea is to put economic cost above safety, and the Japanese government chose discharging the sea as a simple way to save money out of economic self-interest. Gu Yazhi emphasized that the nuclear polluted water in Fukushima contains a variety of radioactive substances, which is not the same as the waste water generated by normal nuclear power plants. All radioactive wastes generated by nuclear accidents, including nuclear polluted water, should be permanently sealed and kept.

　　At the forum, Masahiro Kaoda, a co-representative of the Fukushima Peace Forum, a local civic group in Fukushima Prefecture, pointed out that although various feasible measures can be taken to prevent nuclear polluted water from being discharged into the sea, the Japanese government and Tokyo Electric Power Company have always regarded the sea discharge plan as an "established policy", ignoring many objections, concealing various problems that are not conducive to the nuclear polluted water discharge plan, and constantly pushing forward the sea discharge plan.

　　Masahiro Kakuda stressed that Japanese fishing groups insisted on opposing the discharge of nuclear polluted water into the sea and demanded that the Japanese government continue to preserve nuclear polluted water on land. This voice was very strong among ordinary people in Fukushima. However, the Japanese government and Tokyo Electric Power Company turned a blind eye to this and refused to re-study other disposal methods other than discharging nuclear polluted water into the sea. He said, "The Japanese government should abandon the established route of discharging nuclear polluted water into the sea, show courage and make a political decision to re-study the disposal plan of nuclear polluted water."

　　From August 4th, the second phase of the 2023 World Conference on the Prohibition of Atomic Bombs and Hydrogen Bombs, sponsored by the Japan National Conference on the Prohibition of Atomic Bombs and Hydrogen Bombs, was held in Hiroshima, Japan. On the morning of the 5th, at the sub-forum to discuss the Japanese government’s nuclear power policy, many experts, scholars and representatives of civic groups once again severely criticized and resolutely opposed the Japanese government’s insistence on promoting the plan of discharging nuclear polluted water into the sea regardless of public opinion.

　　In his speech, Professor Emeritus of osaka prefecture university, Mr. Kazuyuki Sawazawa, pointed out that the Japanese government and Tokyo Electric Power Company’s promotion of Fukushima nuclear polluted water to the sea not only violated the relevant provisions of the London Convention on Dumping Waste, but also suspected of violating Japan’s domestic law. The London Dumping Convention prohibits the dumping of radioactive wastes into the sea through artificial structures at sea. As a contracting party to the London Dumping Convention, Japan attempts to discharge the Fukushima nuclear polluted water into the sea, which obviously violates the relevant provisions of the Convention. In addition, at present, the amount of radiation in the space environment in the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant far exceeds the limit measurement, and the discharge of nuclear polluted water into the sea will further increase the amount of radiation in the space environment in this area, which is an illegal act suspected of violating relevant Japanese restrictions and regulations.

　　Park Zhenying, a representative of a civic group from Ulsan, South Korea, said in his speech that the current domestic polls show that more than 80% of South Koreans strongly oppose the Japanese government’s discharge of Fukushima nuclear polluted water into the sea. More than 700 citizens’ organizations in South Korea unanimously opposed the Japanese government’s plan to force nuclear polluted water into the sea. Once the nuclear polluted water is discharged into the sea, it means that the impact of the Fukushima nuclear accident will last for 30 years or even longer.

　　"It is a barbaric act to force the plan of discharging nuclear polluted water into the sea."

　　Li Zaiming, leader of the Common Democratic Party, the largest opposition party in South Korea, said at the symposium on "Preventing Fukushima nuclear polluted water from being discharged into the sea" held by the South Korean National Assembly on the 8th, "Now we should unite and take countermeasures to prevent Japanese nuclear polluted water from being discharged into the sea. Ensuring that future generations can live in a safe and comfortable environment is one of the important responsibilities of our generation. "

　　Yu Yuanzhi, member of the Standing Committee of the Common Democratic Party’s "Countermeasures Committee for Preventing Contaminated Water from Discharging into the Sea", said at the forum that the Japanese government could not dispel people’s concerns no matter how unreasonable it claimed to be "safe". The Common Democratic Party will stick to the end and prevent Japan’s nuclear polluted water from being discharged into the sea.

　　More than 200 local people, including citizens’ groups in Chungcheongnam-do, South Korea, held a rally on the 5th to condemn Japan’s plan of forcing nuclear polluted water into the sea. The citizens attending the rally said that the discharge of nuclear polluted water into the sea is a disaster for the earth’s ecosystem and all mankind. Local citizens’ groups said: "In order to resist the Japanese nuclear pollution, we will fight with all the people in Chungcheongnam-do to the end."

　　South Korea’s Gwangju Citizen Group held a press conference on the 2nd, strongly condemning and protesting the Japanese plan of forcing nuclear polluted water into the sea. The people who participated in the protests said: "It is a barbaric act for Japan to push the plan of discharging nuclear polluted water into the sea. We must not sit idly by and ignore the serious consequences caused by the discharge of nuclear polluted water into the sea. We hope that more people can understand the harmfulness and seriousness of the discharge of nuclear polluted water into the sea through protests. We must stop this behavior and protect our future. "

　　"The Japanese government should face up to the concerns of the international community."

　　Luke Mani, director and senior researcher of the Solomon Islands Foreign Policy Advisory Secretariat, said in an interview with this reporter that the Pacific island countries are firmly opposed to Japan’s nuclear pollution water discharge plan. Pacific island countries are basically small island countries, and people’s lives depend heavily on marine ecosystems. For example, the most important marine resource of many Pacific island countries — — Tuna is a highly migratory fish, and discharging nuclear polluted water anywhere in the Pacific Ocean will put this important economic and food resource in danger. "Tunas from Pacific island countries are not only exported to Japan, but also to Europe, so the harm caused by Japan’s nuclear pollution water discharging into the sea will be global."

　　Tillman Ruff, co-chairman of the Australian International Doctors Organization for the Prevention of Nuclear War and co-founder of the International Movement for the Abolition of Nuclear Weapons, said in an interview with the media a few days ago that Japan’s plan to discharge nuclear polluted water into the sea violated international conventions such as the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea and the London Dumping Convention, and there was also evidence that such behavior would cause extensive and sustained harm and would not bring any benefits. "The Japanese government should face up to the concerns of the international community." Luf said that Japan’s nuclear pollution discharged into the sea will also bring social and economic consequences. The decline of income and export of fishery and other related industries, the strengthening of supervision and restrictions on imports by various countries will all have an impact on Japanese fishermen.

　　Weng Shijie, Chairman of Malaysian Center for New Asian Strategic Studies, said in an interview with this reporter that Japan’s insistence on promoting the plan of discharging nuclear polluted water into the sea is irresponsible and detrimental to its international reputation. At the same time, the discharge of nuclear polluted water into the sea will also endanger Japan’s own marine fisheries, and some countries and regions have strictly controlled Japanese seafood.

　　Jin Ping, director of the Institute of International Relations of the Royal Cambodian Academy of Sciences, told this reporter that it is a major problem to discharge the nuclear polluted water from Fukushima into the sea. Nuclear polluted water will do harm to marine life, which is not conducive to marine fisheries and poses a threat to human beings. The Japanese government should fully consult with neighboring countries and other stakeholders to effectively dispose of nuclear polluted water in a scientific, safe and transparent manner.

　　(Tokyo, Seoul, Canberra, Bangkok, August 9th)

In this activity, four teachers, Zhai Huimin, Wang Fang, Zhou Libo and Ran Huixia, shared the educational research and practical achievements of "Yue Xue Classroom" with teachers. Teacher Zhai Huimin shared "Yue Pin Le Xiang-Teaching and Research Practice Based on Primary School English Spelling Teaching", which used wonderful cases to analyze the selection method of primary school English theme scenes and the teaching mode of "independent Yue Pin"; Teacher Wang Fang shared "Reading Pleasure-A Preliminary Study on the Construction of English Reading Curriculum in Primary Schools", which introduced the construction and practice of E-interest English curriculum from the aspects of curriculum construction background, curriculum system design and curriculum framework. Teacher Zhou Libo shared the "Discourse-based Training Practice of" Yue Xue Classroom "in primary school English, which deeply interpreted Yue Xue classroom from the aspects of the development process, teaching concept and teaching paradigm, and pointed out the direction and strategy of Yue Xue topic practice. Finally, Mr. Ran shared "Based on the Curriculum Horizon, Implementing the" Happy Learning Classroom "in Primary School English", which made the teachers here have a deeper understanding of the "happy learning classroom" and pointed out the direction for English teaching in the future.

What are the bonus points policies for self-study exams? Self-study examination is one of the important ways to improve academic qualifications. In the era when academic qualifications are valued, especially for newly graduated students or young people who have just entered the workplace, the recruitment requirements of units and enterprises will clearly state the requirements for academic qualifications. The purpose of self-study exam to improve academic qualifications is to obtain an academic qualification. If you want to pass the exam smoothly, you must know some common questions about self-study exam in advance. The following small series answers the relevant information about the self-study exam for everyone, hoping to help everyone!

If you have any questions about the self-study exam, don’t know how to choose the main college and major, and don’t know the local policy of self-study exam, click to learn now > >

Self-study examination is an important part of adult higher education in China and an important way to improve academic qualifications. In order to let more people have the opportunity to receive higher education and encourage people who are positive and full of positive energy, the self-study exam has introduced corresponding care policies, including: admission without examination, extra points for admission, and lower points for admission.

Won the title of national model worker, national advanced worker, and the winner of the national’ May 1st’ Labor Medal, you can enter the school without examination. Upon my own application, and with the approval of the provincial sports administrative department, the "Recommended Form for Excellent Athletes to Apply for Admission to Adult Colleges and Universities without Examination" (supervised by the State Sports General Administration) can be admitted without Examination after the examination of the provincial admissions office and the consent of the admissions school.

Candidates over the age of 25 can take care of 20 points when they are admitted. Candidates from poverty-stricken townships in the old areas (the household registration and salary relations are all in the units of poverty-stricken townships) can take care of 20 points. Children and spouses of martyrs; Children of returned overseas Chinese and candidates from Taiwan Province Province; Candidates from ethnic minority townships and villages in areas where ethnic minorities live in concentrated communities clearly defined by the provincial government can take care of 20 points when they are admitted.

Admission policy of dropping points: majors such as agriculture, forestry, water conservancy, geology, mining, public security, prison, surveying and mapping, ocean transportation, social welfare, etc. can be appropriately dropped when the number of online students is insufficient, and the drop rate is no more than 20 points.

The above is related to the self-study exam, and candidates can use it as a reference, which is subject to the official announcement! Candidates who want to get more information about the self-taught examination, such as the registration time, examination time, application conditions, preparation knowledge and related news, please pay attention to the online self-taught examination channel of China Education.

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If you have any questions about the self-study exam, don’t know how to choose the main examination institution and major, and don’t know the local policy of self-study exam, click to learn now > >

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In April, 2024, all provinces registered for self-study exams in official website.

Summary of Registration Time and Entrance of Self-taught Exams in April 2024 by Provinces

　　　　　　 CCTV News:With the coming of summer, swimming has become an outdoor sport choice for many people. Many people have had the experience of choking when swimming, and most of the time they can be relieved quickly by taking a rest, but they must not be careless, especially for children and some sensitive people, because there is a drowning method called secondary drowning, which is likely to occur only a few hours or even days after drowning, and once it occurs, it may be life-threatening.

Children swimming

　　　　　　 The Francisco couple from Texas, USA, are immersed in grief because their four-year-old son died not long ago. The doctor’s diagnosis shows that little Francisco died of secondary drowning, which may be caused by an accidental drowning while swimming a week ago. His father said in an interview that after coming out of the swimming pool, little Francisco said that he had abdominal pains, and he was accompanied by vomiting and diarrhea for the next few days, but his symptoms were getting better, so they didn’t care. It was not until he woke up one morning that little Francisco developed symptoms of suffocation and eventually died because of ineffective rescue.

Little Francisco and his son

　　　　　　 Different from common drowning asphyxia, the amount of water choked into the lungs during secondary drowning may not be enough to affect gas exchange, butIf the choking is swimming pool water containing chlorine,Edema may occur in children’s delicate lungs. If you inhale dirty water,Bacteria entering the lungs may also cause pneumonia and acute pulmonary edema.Then there are symptoms such as high fever, cough and difficulty breathing. People with bronchial sensitivity also need attention.

　　　　　　 News attracts attention to the timely rescue of two-year-old patients

　　　　　　 The news that little Francisco died of secondary drowning caught the attention of another father. Because his two-year-old son Gio had the same symptoms after choking in the community swimming pool not long ago, he quickly took the child to the hospital. After examination, the doctor confirmed his judgment and said that his son’s life would be in danger if he was one day late.

Gio

　　　　　　 [Extended reading]

　　　　　　 What is delayed drowning?

　　　　　　 Delayed drowning means that people do not die at the time of drowning, but die within 24 hours after drowning. The reasons are mostly secondary pulmonary edema, bronchitis or lung abscess.

　　　　　　 What is dry drowning?

　　　　　　 Not all drowning people have water in their lungs, and 10%-15% drowning people have no water in their lungs. This is because in the process of drowning, the throat spasm and glottis are closed, air and water can’t enter the lungs, and the drowning person suffocates because of lack of air, which eventually leads to death.

Children swimming

　　　　　　 Matters needing attention in children swimming

　　　　　　 First, children should prepare lifebuoys and other equipment when swimming. Safety is the most important thing. Even older children, such as six or seven years old, should wear lifebuoys on their arms and waist to avoid choking when swimming.

　　　　　　 Second, although you don’t have to hold the child anymore, you or the coach should always pay attention to the child’s situation within a safe distance. Children should do a warm-up activity before entering the water, splash the water in the swimming pool on their bodies, slowly adapt their skin to the temperature of the water, and never put the children into the water rashly.

　　　　　　 Third, you should be patient. Sometimes a child may like playing in the water very much, but sometimes he may be very afraid of getting into the water. At this time, you should never force the child to get into the water until the child is ready.

　　　　　　 4. There should be signs of deep water area and shallow water area in the swimming pool, and it is best if there is a dividing line to distinguish them.

　　　　　　 5. Never find someone to look after your children temporarily, even if a lifeguard is present.

　　　　　　 6. Some children hate getting their faces wet. In this case, you can let your child try to put his head under the shower nozzle at home to get used to it.

　　　　　　 Seven, generally outside the swimming pool will be posted a "warm reminder" announcement, which has the water quality situation, which is also a regular swimming pool must be publicized, so parents should be careful not to ignore the water problem.