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　　At the beginning of the founding of New China, the leaders attached great importance to the role of "outside brain". The opinions of the former Soviet Union were repeatedly consulted during the preparation of the First Five-Year Plan, and the method of combining "leaders, experts and the masses" was put forward during the Third Five-Year Plan. However, due to the need for confidentiality, the State Planning Commission was a state-level secrecy unit at that time, and experts played a very limited role as outsiders.

　　After the reform and opening up, experts have played an increasingly important role. According to Comrade Hu Qiaomu’s introduction in the article "How China’s leaders make decisions", experts played an important role in decision-making in the 1980s. First, they strengthened the role of consulting institutions, mainly internal research institutions in the State Council, China Academy of Social Sciences and major universities in Beijing. The second is to attract experts to participate in the demonstration work. After the Seventh Five-Year Plan, experts began to participate in policy consultation by participating in symposiums; after the Ninth Five-Year Plan, experts further participated in policy consultation by participating in preliminary research; during the Tenth Five-Year Plan, an expert deliberation committee was formally established; during the Eleventh Five-Year Plan, it was changed into an expert consultation committee, which became a specialized policy consultation and policy demonstration institution.

　　Who can participate in the core decision?

　　There is no doubt that research institutions have a great voice in the decision-making process, and they are widely involved in the decision-making process. From the core to the periphery of decision-making, we can see the ubiquitous influence of professional researchers.

　　From the perspective of participation structure, direct participation in drafting has entered the core of decision-making. The core of decision-making is the national development planning expert Committee, which is not only a long-term advisory body for the preparation of the five-year plan, but also has the right to demonstrate the plan; At the decision-making consultation level, it is to participate in the preliminary research of decision-making and solicit opinions at different stages of opinion planning; At the periphery of decision-making consultation, various opinions and suggestions are actively put forward through public suggestions channels and public platforms to influence decision-making.

　　Scholars from some government-affiliated research institutions directly participated in the drafting of the plan. For example, the members of the party’s "Proposal" drafting group included Li Jingtian, executive vice president of the Central Party School, Bai Chunli and Huang Zhijian, executive vice presidents of China Academy of Sciences, Wang Weiguang, executive vice president of China Academy of Social Sciences, and Cai Fang, director of the Institute of Population and Labor Economics of China Academy of Social Sciences. Wang Yiming, executive director of the National Macroeconomic Research Institute, and others participated in the drafting of the Outline. In a drafting group dominated by government officials, scholars participated in the planning drafting, which provided a professional perspective for the planning work.

　　Expert argumentation is the legal procedure for major national decisions.

　　In October, 2005, the State Council explicitly stipulated that the expert argumentation system for planning should be implemented. After the State Planning Expert Committee was formally established, the number of members was 37 at first, and then increased to 56. During the preparation of the Twelfth Five-Year Plan, a total of four meetings of the National Development Planning Expert Committee were held at different stages. The first meeting was held at the stage of drafting the basic ideas (referring to mobilizing all parties to make suggestions and suggestions in the early stage of preparation) to discuss some major issues of the National Twelfth Five-Year Plan; The second meeting was held in the process of soliciting opinions on basic ideas to listen to the opinions of experts; The third and fourth meetings were held in the stage of soliciting opinions on the Outline to listen to the opinions of experts.

　　In general, the meeting form of the expert committee is to study materials first, and then discuss in groups to give opinions on the Outline (draft for comments). At the same time, experts will directly modify the staged planning text, and some experts will put forward written opinions in the form of articles, and the National Development and Reform Commission will summarize and study these opinions and consider whether to absorb them.

　　The State Council’s rules of procedure clearly stipulate that major issues submitted to the State Council for study and decision need to be "demonstrated by experts or research and consulting institutions for their necessity, feasibility and legality". This shows that expert argumentation has become a legal procedure for major decisions. The meeting of the National Development Planning Expert Committee held in February 2011 not only put forward opinions, but also drafted the expert argumentation report of the Twelfth Five-Year Plan. According to Professor Hu Angang, an expert member of the Twelfth Five-Year Plan, the drafting process was that Wang Yiming, executive vice president of the National Macroeconomic Research Institute, drafted the first draft of the demonstration report, which was repeatedly discussed by the expert committee, and revised by the National Development and Reform Commission according to the opinions of the expert committee. The final demonstration report was basically completely different from the first draft, and the expert demonstration report formed by the meeting was submitted for review together with the draft of the planning outline, providing strong support for enhancing science.

　　Ten thousand experts participated in the policy research of the 12th Five-Year Plan.

　　A large number of research institutions have participated in the policy research of the Twelfth Five-Year Plan, which is the largest policy research in the world. On November 6, 2008, the National Development and Reform Commission launched the preliminary research, and the same major topic included 39 topics in 8 fields.

　　There are two ways to entrust major issues in the early period of the Twelfth Five-Year Plan. One is to directly entrust research, with seven research institutions; Second, public bidding was conducted to the whole society, and a total of 60 research institutions were selected. The selected institutions are mainly government-affiliated research institutions and academic institutions, as well as two independent research institutions and one multinational enterprise. More than 10,000 experts from 67 domestic institutions in politics, economy, culture and society participated in the research, and fully listened to the opinions and suggestions from all walks of life, and finally formed a research report of 5 million words.

　　While the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) organized the preliminary research on major topics, the Office of the Central Leading Group for Finance and Economics also commissioned the research on major topics, including the National School of Administration and some foreign research institutions.

　　The research results of previous projects provided by research institutions provide a third-party and professional perspective for the major issues involved in planning drafting, which has become an important part of scientific planning.

　　Since the agenda of the 12th Five-Year Plan has been fixed, it is equivalent to opening a huge window for policy discussion. During this period, research institutions have held public policy discussions in the form of forums, symposiums and special studies, forming a policy public opinion atmosphere. For example, in 2010, the China Development Forum, the annual meeting of China Macroeconomics Society and other important policy discussions all focused on the preparation of the Twelfth Five-Year Plan, and a large number of articles on the Twelfth Five-Year Plan were formed during this period.

　　Judging from the participation link, the participation of experts is mainly in the "one-to-one" link of the "brainstorming" decision-making process, and the middle part is less involved. In the early stage of the strategy, the research results provided by the research institutions provided the drafters with inspiration and clarification of some issues; In the stage of soliciting opinions, scholars put forward suggestions for revision to evaluate and demonstrate the quality of the plan. These two links are also the active period for research institutions to put forward policy suggestions.

In Gu Yue Garden Community, Haidian District, Malianwa Sub-district Office appointed a property company to be stationed in "emergency" after the property was suddenly evacuated in early 2015. According to the regulations, the emergency usually does not exceed 3 months, but the emergency service of the property has been more than 3 years. In the meantime, the community has held three owners’ meetings, elected industry committees and hired new properties, but the new property company has not been able to enter.

What is the difficulty in replacing the property company? Why is the community caught in an "emergency" dilemma? The Beijing Daily reporter conducted an in-depth investigation.

Sudden evacuation of the previous property

The community began to fall into the "emergency" dilemma

Gu Yue Garden is located on the north side of Tianxiu Road, surrounded by Yuanmingyuan, Summer Palace and Baiwang Mountain on the east, south and west sides. It is a commercial housing community covering an area of more than 150,000 square meters, with more than 20 residential buildings and more than 700 owners. There is a 5,000-square-meter wide lake in the community. The owners keep koi fish in the lake, and there are wild ducks flying to rest, rippling blue waves, vines, rocks, flowers and trees dotted in the garden, plus two underground three-dimensional garages, and people and cars are diverted. The whole community is neat and warm.

But this scene has become the memory of the owners. The incident occurred on November 10, 2015, and the early property of the community suddenly announced its withdrawal. Subsequently, Malianwa Sub-district Office appointed Beijing Longcheng Xingye Property Management Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Longcheng Xingye) to enter the community to provide "emergency" services for the owners.

The Administrative Measures for the Handover of Property Projects in Beijing stipulates that emergency services are limited to basic services such as garbage removal, water supply, elevator operation and order maintenance, and the period generally does not exceed 3 months.

Under the "emergency" service, the residential environment is getting worse and worse, and there are more and more problems in property services. Owners reported that the lake was put late, less and muddy. "In the past two years, the lake has become everyone’s heart disease, and no wild ducks have flown." The road began to break down, the vines collapsed, the lawn was covered with weeds, and the underground garage, which had been running well, was never used again with the departure of the previous property. Gradually, the facilities in the underground garage were damaged, but the motor vehicles were densely parked on the fire escape.

"Fire control facilities are completely paralyzed. The fire detector in the corridor, the smoke alarm system at home and the ambulance system failed, no one was on duty in the central control room, the access control was broken for more than a year, the elevator was always jammed, and some stopped for months. " Mr. Liu, the owner who stayed in the community in 2002, also reflected that the owners had to organize themselves to water flowers and trees. "How beautiful Gu Yue Garden was before, how bad it is now."

Owners’ meeting selects new property.

The emergency property refused to withdraw.

Emergency service can only solve the basic problems, and it only lasts for three months, so the owners want to hire a property company for themselves. "At that time, everyone’s idea was very simple, that is, they wanted to hire a legal and compliant property company." Owner Mr. Li said.

From January 23rd to January 30th, 2016, Gu Yue Garden held an owners’ meeting to elect an industry committee. On March 21, 2016, the industry Committee filed a record in Malianwa Sub-district Office.

Hiring a new property has become a top priority for the industry Committee. From June 8 th to June 12 th, 2016, the industry Committee started the second owners’ meeting, convened all the owners of the community, decided to terminate the emergency property service, and voted for a new property. In this competition, Beijing Ruiying Hotel Property Management Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Ruiying) won from 9 property companies. The reporter learned that the emergency property Longcheng Xingye also participated in the competition.

From September 9 to September 25, 2016, Gu Yue Garden held the third owners’ meeting, and the owners voted whether to entrust Ruiying as a new property. After a series of ticket checking, monitoring, singing and counting, the results show that the number of voters accounts for 74.79% of the total number of owners, corresponding to the exclusive area of 99,368.98 square meters, accounting for 63.95% of the total area of the building. The number of voters and the exclusive area achieved "double half", and Rui won 531 votes, thus winning the selection of new property in Gu Yue Garden. The industry Committee also invited the staff of the third-party Beijing First Owners’ Congress Work Counseling Center to be present to witness the ticket inspection process. "The whole process has videos, and all the votes are sealed according to regulations." Xu Hongliang, director of the community industry Committee, said.

On October 16, 2016, the Industry Committee signed a property service contract with Ruiying for a period of three years, and implemented the third-class property service standard of Beijing local standards. But in fact, due to the refusal of Longcheng Xingye to withdraw, Ruiying has not been stationed so far, and the service contract is still a dead letter.

The street office questioned the decision of the owners’ meeting

Industry Committee seeks various ways to solve difficulties.

The community was caught in an "emergency" dilemma, and the Gu Yue Garden Industry Committee turned to many administrative departments, the National People’s Congress and the Haidian District Commission for Discipline Inspection for help.

Malianwa Sub-district Office disagreed with the resolutions of the second and third owners’ meeting of Gu Yue Garden. A person in charge of wang xing, a street office, thinks that according to the Rules of Procedure for Owners’ Congress, an interim meeting of the owners’ congress can only be held at the suggestion of more than 20% of the owners, but the industry committee has not started this procedure. The street office also sent a letter to all the owners, saying that the industry Committee violated the relevant regulations and the organization was not standardized, and the resolution of the owners’ meeting should be corrected or revoked within a time limit.

In this regard, the industry Committee believes that matters involving the common interests of all owners need to be dealt with in a timely manner, and the industry Committee has the right to convene an interim meeting of the owners’ meeting. "This is also clearly stipulated in the Rules of Procedure for the Owners’ Meeting in the community." The owner Mr. Zhang said.

The resolution of the third owners’ meeting was also questioned by Malianwa Sub-district Office. Malianwa Sub-district Office refused to recognize the relevant decisions and authorization made by the owners’ meeting on the grounds that the industry committee temporarily changed the meeting place, which made it impossible for the sub-district office and neighborhood committee to guide and supervise on the spot.

In this regard, the industry Committee said that because the votes of all owners were kept in the ballot box, the venue of the meeting was temporarily changed in order to properly protect the voting results of all owners and avoid unexpected accidents. "The meeting is scheduled to be held at 3 pm on September 25, 2016. We contacted the heads of the street office and neighborhood committees and drove to pick it up, but a person in charge of the Malianwa street office said that Director Wang of the street office could not go because of something. Director Chen of the Gu Yue Garden Neighborhood Committee also said that Director Wang would not let her participate. " Mr. Yang, a member of the industry committee, said.

Malianwa Sub-district Office sent a letter asking the industry committee to submit the owners’ meeting and the results of counting votes, but it was opposed by the industry committee. Members of the first industry Committee said that according to the relevant laws and regulations, the street office has no right to view the votes of the owners.

Articles 25 and 26 of the Measures for the Administration of Property Project Handover in Beijing stipulate that the municipal and district housing administrative departments may deal with the property service enterprises and related responsible persons in accordance with the relevant provisions on credit information management and property service project management of the property service enterprises and project leaders. According to this, the industry Committee reported to Haidian District Housing Authority and requested it to punish Longcheng Xingye. However, Haidian District Housing Authority rejected the report of the industry committee on the grounds that Malianwa Sub-district Office refused to recognize the resolutions of the two owners’ meetings.

The industry Committee then reported to the relevant departments of the Beijing Municipal Commission of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, and the same result was obtained.

In order to break the dilemma of emergency property evacuation, more than 500 owners of Gu Yue Garden jointly reported to the Supervision Committee of Haidian District Commission for Discipline Inspection. Relevant materials show that the Supervision Committee of Haidian District Commission for Discipline Inspection replied that, as the supervision and guidance department for the work of the industry committee, Malianwa Sub-district Office sent a notice letter to all owners of Gu Yue Garden without sufficient investigation and verification, and made a decision not to support and recognize the temporary owners’ meeting of Gu Yue Garden Community, which caused adverse social impact. The Supervision Committee of the Haidian District Commission for Discipline Inspection believes that the Haidian District Housing Authority has failed to supervise emergency property services and has not actively promoted property handover.

Industry Committee sued emergency property

Currently awaiting retrial by the court.

After two years and four months of confrontation, after the intervention of various forces such as administration, people’s congress, discipline inspection and supervision, Longcheng Xingye still provides "emergency" services in the community.

The settlement of the incident finally took the legal path. The Industry Committee appealed to Haidian Court to order Longcheng Xingye to evacuate and return the relevant planning, permits, buildings and construction materials of the community. On March 30, 2018, Haidian Court ruled that Longcheng Xingye was evacuated and handed over relevant materials to the industry committee.

Longcheng Xingye, which lost in the first instance, appealed. Longcheng Xingye believes that Gu Yue Garden is not an independent property management area, and it should belong to the same property area as Lotus Pond Moon House, Anhe Garden and Chengxiu Garden, on the basis that Gu Yue Garden has no independent facilities such as water supply, power supply and property rooms.

"The emergence of the industry Committee is based on the premise of an independent property area." Xu Hongliang said that the industry Committee was elected by all owners and put on record. "The promotion of these procedures is based on the premise that Gu Yue Park is an independent property management area."

In order to confirm this matter, the industry Committee provided a series of documents such as planning, construction and property service contracts to reporters. They believe that these materials have approved the use, management and maintenance of houses in Gu Yue Garden, and determined the scope of the community, as well as the elevator, water supply, power distribution system and property management rooms. "These approved contents are consistent with the actual situation of Gu Yue Garden at present."

The reporter learned from the scene that there are Lotus Pond Moon House and Anhe Garden on the south side of Tianxiu Road from east to west, while Gu Yue Garden and Chengxiu Garden are on the north side. Among them, because Gu Yue Garden is a commercial housing community and Grade A residence, the property fee is higher than that of the lotus pond moon house of ordinary commercial housing, while most of Anheyuan and Chengxiu Garden are resettlement houses, so the property fee is lower. The nature of property rights and ownership relations are complex, which also leads to differences in interests and demands between communities and owners to a certain extent.

On the afternoon of February 13th, the reporter came to Malianwa Sub-district Office, hoping to interview and learn about the solution of the emergency service dilemma in Gu Yue Garden, but the relevant person in charge refused the reporter’s interview on the grounds of inconvenience.

At present, the Beijing No.1 Intermediate People’s Court has ruled that the case should be retried by Haidian Court on the grounds that it is necessary to find out whether Gu Yue Garden has the conditions to implement independent property management.

At present, all parties are waiting for the fair judgment of the law.

Reporter’s notes

Act according to law and realize community autonomy

Gu Yue Garden is caught in the dilemma of emergency service. This incident involves many entanglements between the industry committee, the developer, the emergency property and the newly hired property company, and also involves many departments such as street, housing management, housing construction committee, discipline inspection and supervision. Forces from all sides, like swans and crabs pulling carts, have their own strengths, but they have been unable to solve the problem of emergency property companies withdrawing for a long time.

There is no winner in this dilemma so far. It is difficult to carry out many tasks of the industry Committee, and the newly hired property service contract is empty, and the majority of owners can only get basic services. Due to the paralysis of fire-fighting facilities in the community, developers who have handed over property services for more than 10 years have to spend 800,000 yuan to repair fire-fighting facilities. Longcheng Xingye, an emergency property company, also repeatedly shouted, "We are not withdrawing, but it is difficult to withdraw." The person in charge of the property company said that in the past two years or so, due to the refusal of most owners to pay property fees, emergency services have caused the property company to lose millions of yuan. "We also hope to give a solution."

Shu Kexin, an expert in property management, believes that there are laws to follow in property management in China and Beijing, and a core idea of current laws and regulations is to promote and improve community autonomy. "In this case, if the street office thinks that the resolution of the owners’ meeting is illegal, it is enough to directly exercise the right of cancellation. If the industry committee refuses to accept it, it can also file an administrative lawsuit and sue the street office in court. Everything can be handed over to the law and let the law speak. "

Appeal to all parties and relevant departments to start from the law, the administrative department "can’t do it without authorization" and the owner’s autonomy "can do it without prohibition", so there is hope to break the emergency dilemma of Gu Yue Garden.

Fortunately, the incident has been awaiting retrial in Haidian court, and will eventually be resolved through legal channels. I hope that the just judgment of the law can return warmth and beauty, tranquility and harmony to the owners of Gu Yue Garden, and also to all the communities that are caught in the dilemma of property services like Gu Yue Garden.

Only by proceeding from the law and acting in strict accordance with the law can community autonomy be truly realized.

(The original title is "Gu Yue Garden Community Property" Emergency "for more than 3 years."

CCTV News:The reporter learned from the COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control press conference held in Zhengzhou that as of 18: 00 on January 5, there were 6 new positive cases and 10 asymptomatic infected people in Zhengzhou.

Li Huifang, Deputy Secretary General of Zhengzhou Municipal Government:Up to now, 989,800 people have been sampled from key areas and key populations in Guancheng, Erqi, Zhongyuan and Jinshui districts, all of which have been tested, and 6 positive cases have been detected.

At present, Zhengzhou has 10 closed control zones, 4 control zones and 3 prevention zones. Among them, the management measures of "closed area, staying indoors and serving at home" are implemented in the sealed control area, and the management measures of "people are not allowed to leave the area and gathering is strictly prohibited" are implemented in the control area, and the prevention area is not allowed to go out unless necessary. If it is really necessary to go out, it is necessary to hold a negative nucleic acid test certificate within 48 hours.

Li Huifang, Deputy Secretary General of Zhengzhou Municipal Government:Judging from the current epidemic situation, the epidemic spread in Zhengzhou has the characteristics of multi-point distribution and aggregation, and the communication chain is relatively clear, mainly involving the aggregation spread of card friends, funeral banquets and families. At present, there are 718 people in centralized isolation and 4899 people in home isolation.

　　Chinanews. com client March 21 ST (Wu Heqin) The footsteps of spring come unexpectedly, which is a good time to go out to play, but whether you are traveling overseas or staying in the local area, you must ask the customs when entering the country. In some countries, tangible and intangible regulations need to be mastered, and taboos between races should be noted to avoid embarrassing stepping on "minefields". Imagine focusing your actions in Britain, Bali, the United States and other places on one day: on a sunny morning, you go out for a walk chewing gum and ask a group of African-American young people where there are watermelons. My god, every move you make inadvertently may cause big trouble!

　　Don’t go out.

　　— — There are four bans during the "quiet day" in Bali.

　　"Don’t go out? How can I do that? I have spent a lot of money and time traveling overseas, isn’t it just to go out and play? " That’s true, but choose the right place at the right time. For example, March 17th, which just passed, was Hari Raya Nyepi in Bali. On the same day, Bali Wulalai International Airport was temporarily closed for 24 hours. If you plan to go to Bali on this day, it is obviously inappropriate, even if you were there, you can’t go out.

　　"Quiet Day" is the Hindu New Year in Bali. Different from the lively celebrations of ordinary festivals, there is no celebration on the day of "quiet residence". People sit quietly at home and meditate, and must follow the following four prohibitions: no fire (turning on the light), no work, no going out and no entertainment activities. During the period, except for hospitals, fire departments, police stations and other necessary public service institutions, all shops or units on the island are temporarily closed, and pedestrians and vehicles are not allowed to engage in outdoor activities.

　　Don’t open

　　— — Poland introduced the Law of Closed on Sundays in March.

　　In China, the weekend is the golden business period of many shopping malls and markets, and people who are busy for a week will also use their holidays to "go shopping". However, this is absolutely impossible in Poland. Poland recently promulgated the "Sunday Closed Law", which was officially implemented on March 1, 2018. Of course, restaurants, bakeries, gas stations, flower shops, post offices, pharmacies, and shops in railway stations and airports are not subject to this law.

　　According to the law, from March to December, 2018, on the first and last Sunday of each month, as well as two Sundays before Christmas and one Sunday before Easter, shops can open, and the rest sundays are closed. If Sunday, which was originally open for business, falls on a public holiday, shops are not allowed to open. By 2019, the closed hours will also include the first Sunday of each month.

　　There are many restrictions, so can you manage my secret business? Of course I do. Maybe I’ll go to jail. The law clearly stipulates that stores shall not arrange employees to undertake any work on Sundays when they are closed. Individual stores can and can only be opened by the owner himself on the relevant Sunday. Once you violate the law, you will face a fine of up to about 186,000 yuan, and you may be sentenced to imprisonment for repeated violations.

　　Don’t throw up

　　— — Britain plans to levy chewing gum tax to combat "road psoriasis"

　　According to statistics, people on earth spend about 14 billion pounds (about 123.026 billion yuan) on chewing gum every year, but most of these chewing gum "endings" are stuck on the road or on the soles of shoes. Only the local government in Britain spends 50 million pounds a year to clean up the chewing gum stuck on the road. The country has also used various methods to recycle chewing gum, but with little effect.

　　Recently, philip hammond, the British Chancellor of the Exchequer, said that the government is considering introducing a tax policy for chewing gum, aiming at combating this "road psoriasis" which is difficult to clean up. From March 13th, the British Treasury will solicit opinions from the public to discuss whether a "chewing gum tax" should be imposed on chewing gum products.

　　The industry said that "chewing gum is a problem everywhere, and the only long-term sustainable solution is to change people’s behavior." Then, let’s start with you and me. We shouldn’t spit gum anywhere, not just in Britain, should we?

　　Don’t look back.

　　— — Dutch "red light district" issued a new regulation: back to the window girl.

　　The city government of Amsterdam, the Netherlands, will implement the new regulations from April. If tour guides lead groups of more than 5 people to the "red light district", they must first obtain permission, while group guests of more than 20 people are prohibited from entering.

　　In addition, even if the group is allowed to enter the "red light district", it must abide by a series of regulations, including not staying on the main roads such as bridges, not using loudspeakers and making noise, not taking pictures when passing through a specific window, and the tour guide must also ask the members to turn their backs on the window girl when they stop walking. If a tour group violates the regulations, the tour guide may be fined 190 euros if caught, and the tour company may be fined 950 euros.

　　A local tour guide explained that the purpose of turning your back to the window is to hope that tourists will refrain from spitting, cursing and other indecent behaviors when standing in front of the window girl. As for walking, you can of course browse around. Little friends, the rules are between raising one’s hand and casting one’s foot, so you should be sure of your discretion.

　　Don’t eat melons

　　— — Throwing watermelons at African-Americans involves racial discrimination.

　　Watermelon also involves racial discrimination? But also in court. At the end of last year, five students were suspended for throwing watermelons at African-Americans, and one of them was accused of racial discrimination. I would like to remind my compatriots that in the United States, they must enter the country to ask the customs, and at the same time, they should pay attention to the taboos between races.

　　So, why not mention watermelon in front of African-Americans?

　　Watermelon is a delicious and cheap fruit. During the American Civil War and the African-Americans’ struggle for freedom, the slave owners would give this fruit as a reward to the black slaves working in the cotton fields as a good summer product. Therefore, African-Americans have been labeled as a stereotype that they love watermelon.

　　An extreme example is that a newly hired white firefighter brought watermelons to his colleagues as a meeting gift, but he didn’t expect to immediately arouse other people’s dissatisfaction, resulting in his dismissal after only one day’s work. Because 90% of the firefighters in this consumer station are African-American.

　　In addition, Gabrielle Union, the wife of Dwyane Wade, a famous basketball player, went to work in China one year, during which she was invited to go to KTV, and there were a lot of watermelons in KTV boxes and fruit bowls in China. The group was dumbfounded immediately after entering the box, and the misunderstanding was eliminated after explanation.

　　Friends who are ready to travel, have you mastered these taboos? (End)

　　Xinhua News Agency, San Francisco, July 19 (Reporter Wu Xiaoling) Mark teissier-lavigne, president of Stanford University in the United States, announced on August 31 that he would resign from his post as president after the results of a special committee’s review of his academic misconduct were released.

　　In December last year, the Board of Directors of Stanford University set up a special committee to initiate an investigation into teissier-lavigne’s allegations of academic misconduct. After months of comprehensive verification, the Special Committee released a detailed report on the 19th.

　　According to the report, the investigators mainly reviewed 12 papers signed by teissier-lavigne, and in five of them, as the main author, they found conclusive evidence that some members of the laboratory he was in charge of improperly manipulated scientific research data or had problems in experimental operation, which led to major defects in the papers, while teissier-lavigne failed to take necessary measures to correct related errors.

　　Teissier-lavigne accepted the conclusion of the report, corrected and withdrew the relevant papers, and decided to resign.

　　Yang Zhiyuan, Chairman of the Board of Directors of Stanford University, posted on the website of the university that he accepted teissier lavigne’s resignation and confirmed that he would continue to be a tenured professor of biology. The Board of Directors also set up a committee to start the selection of the next president, and appointed Richard Salle as interim president from September 1st.